There is the Otsuka district in the north. There is Hyuga Otsuka Station on the JR Nichinan Line, so even if you are not a local, there are many people who are familiar with the place name “Otsuka”. However, in fact, it seems that there is no “Otsuka” as an administrative place name at present. “Otsuka” used to exist as Otsuka Village, but in 1954, Fukushima Town, Otsuka Village, Honjo Village, Ichiki Village, and Miyakoi Village merged, and the city system was enforced to form Kushima City. The former Otsuka village corresponds to the area of Naru, Ohira, Ichiuji, and Oyadori in Kushima City. They used to be Naru Village, Taihei Village, Ichiji Village, and Oyadori Village, respectively, but it seems that they merged into Oyadori Village in 1889. At that time, the name of the village up to that point became the section of village, and it seems that the name of the village still remains. Currently, there is no administrative place name “Otsuka”, but it seems that locals still use the place name “大束” in conversations. Around Hyuga Otsuka Station on the JR Nichinan Line, the railroad tracks and National Highway No. 220 run close to each other, and houses are lined up along the National Highway to form a colony. It seems that the village office was located a little north of the station in the former center of the village. I heard hearsay that this area was the center of the village because there was a railway station. It is located at the southern end of the village, and most of Otsuka village seems to have spread to the north.
【Product name】
Oh! Miyazaki Kumquat
【Type】
Fortunella japonica
【Producing area / Wholesale land】
Former Otsuka Village in the northern part of Kushima City (JA Kushima City Otsuka, JA Miyazaki Prefectural Economic Federation)
【Derived from the name】
I heard that it was named after the meaning of citrus fruit that shines in golden color.
【Features】
JA Kushima City Otsuka (The following is located at the southernmost tip of Miyazaki Prefecture. It is located in the northern part of Kushima City, the former Otsuka Village, and is blessed with a warm climate throughout the year. The city, Nango Town, Hinata Nada in the east, mountains and hills that form the prefectural border with Kagoshima prefecture in the west, and the jurisdiction has the Otsugahara plateau sandwiched between the Fukushima and Ohira rivers, and the plateau is a volcano. Formed from the soil, it seems to be the largest producer of climate in the prefecture. Kushima City values coexistence with nature, and is a natural memorial wild Japanese monkey and Misaki, a type of horse native to Japan. It is also an area where horse misaki horses are cultivated. It seems that it is an area where citrus, mango, cucumber, peppers, etc. are cultivated in addition to climate. The sweet potatoes cultivated in the jurisdiction are called “Yamadai sweet potatoes” and seem to be one of the leading production areas in Japan. Currently, the aging of producers is progressing, but we will also utilize the JA Kushima City Otsuka Support Center, which started operation in 2012, aiming for a stable cultivation and shipping system, including 100 tons per month from the support center, 1200 per month. It seems that tons are being shipped as JA's target. Although sweet potatoes have a growing period of about 4 months, they can be shipped throughout the year because they can be stored, and because they are promising items in the future, they are actively cultivated. It seems that the cultivation of sweet potatoes in JA started in earnest around 1966. It seems that it started with a prototype of 2 hectares with the aim of raising the income of farmers. Until then, the production of sweet potatoes for starch raw materials and wheat was the main production, but it seems that the production of sweet potatoes for fruits and vegetables was recommended as a policy of the prefecture because it was hit hard by the liberalization of imports in 1960. Producers such as Mr. Kunio Uchida, the leader of the Shimizu cluster in the jurisdiction, started cultivation in 1965, and after searching for shipping time and sales method, started full-scale cultivation in 1966. listening. It seems that the number of producers has increased as a result of establishing a cooperative system with producers, JA and JA Miyazaki Keizairen. At that time, the sales of sweet potatoes were good, so it is called red diamond in this area, and it is said that it is still called by that name to this day. The brand logo of Yamada Ikansho was conceived by Mr. Kunio Uchida, the producer mentioned above, and it seems that the surrounding mountains are arranged in the “large” of the Otsuka district and it has a deep meaning. Surrounded by mountains, the Otsuka district is blessed with a warm and rainy climate, and because it produces good quality sweet potatoes, the name of Yamada sweet potatoes has permeated everywhere. It is called and has a high degree of popularity. Producers have been passionate about the stable supply of good products, such as “soil making,” “seedling making,” “potato making,” “timely harvesting,” “selection that adheres to standards,” and “cultivation records.” It seems that it is the result of the cooperation system between cultivation and environmental infrastructure that has been thoroughly poured. Seedlings will be planted from January to June in the warm tropical climate using virus-free seedlings at JA's nursery center. Harvesting begins around May with ultra-early digging and seems to continue until the end of November. It is shipped year-round by storing at low temperature, and is destined for Nagoya, Kyushu, etc., mainly in Kansai. In 2013, the sales volume was 14,000 tons and the sales amount was 2.1 billion yen. I heard that it accounted for about 80% of the total. The varieties are Miyazaki-beni and Kokei No. 14, which are very popular because of their bright red color and warmth. JA's horticultural subcommittee was composed only of sweet potato producers, and had 197 members at that time, with a cultivation area of 600 hectares and an average cultivation area of 3 hectares per person. At the support center, which was set up to supplement the labor shortage during the busy season and the year-round shipping system, sweet potato standards were sorted and boxed, and it seems that 50 to 90 tons were shipped per month from that time. It seems that the support center undertakes some process work from the producer. It seems that the support center will continue to maintain the cultivated area and establish a stable supply system while receiving support from Kushima City and Miyazaki Prefecture in terms of creating local employment. I heard that the current brand of sweet potatoes has been established through various efforts such as creating a better quality sweet potato and creating an environment for that since the production at JA started in earnest. You should take it seriously. In order to protect the pride and property of such production areas and continue production in the future, it seems that increasing the number of producers is also a major theme. Even in the Otsuka area, the issue of succession is one of the concerns, but on the other hand, it seems that a healthy young generation is growing up. It seems that the youth and women's clubs hold potato digging competitions and cross-generational discussion meetings for local people and elementary school students on an irregular basis. Through these activities, he enthusiastically says that he is still striving to create a brand that is of even higher quality and is highly evaluated. Born and raised in Otsuka, Kushima City, it is still a good idea to establish a brand in the Kyushu area, but when viewed nationwide, it has been widely shipped to the Kanto and Kansai regions, and the distribution volume has increased, so brand production areas are emerging in various places. It seems to be a fact that it gradually suffered from price competition with. However, since one area of Kushima City has a vast cultivation area of 600 hectares compared to other production areas, it cannot survive unless the following measures are taken in order to maintain stable production. Therefore, it seems that the reason for the expansion of new sales channels was a word from a business partner（Fukuoka Dydo Seika Co., Ltd .: Established, February 20, 1960 Capital 200 million yen, number of employees 151 employees (as of August 1, 2018) Business description Vegetables, fruits, mushrooms, chicken eggs, pickles, agricultural products Wholesale of processed products and wholesale of imported fruits and vegetables and their processed products, market closure Every Sunday, residence, Minatokashii, Higashi Ward, Fukuoka City）, “In Greater China, we eat small potatoes as a snack on a daily basis.” I heard that JA decided to export small-sized products to Hong Kong in 2003, which are in low demand in Japan. In Hong Kong, it was the mainstream to put it in the steamed case of a rice cooker as it is and eat it by puffing it, so demand expanded and it began to export about 380 tons per year from that time, including export to Taiwan and Singapore. It seems. Exporting sweet potatoes, which are not popular in Japan, to East Asia : In addition to Hong Kong, we have expanded our sales channels to Singapore and Taiwan, where our sales offices in Miyazaki Prefecture are located. This year, we continue to ship overseas at a pace of 10 tons every week, and the export volume is increasing year by year. Prices also depend on market conditions in Japan, but it seems that exports can now be priced under the initiative of the production area by unifying the route to JA Miyazaki Keizairen. Moreover, it seems to be 20 to 30 yen higher per 500g than in Japan. It seems that it is aiming for exports of 100 million yen. Competition between production areas is intensifying in Japan. Also, in Japan, only cheap products can be sold. But overseas is different. There seems to be a goal to sell “kumquat” next. In the future, it seems that the issue is how to sell not only small potatoes but also large potatoes, which are the mainstay, to overseas markets in cooperation with the government. Although it overlaps, the ratio of livestock products to the total amount of agricultural output in Miyazaki Prefecture at the time of 2016 was high at 55% (166.2 billion yen), while the ratio of livestock products to the transaction volume of Miyazaki Keizairen was 38% (79.8 billion yen). ), While the horticultural and agricultural products business accounts for about 60% (121.1 billion yen) of transaction volume. Of the horticultural agriculture business, the amount of vegetables, fruits, and flowers, including sweet potatoes, was about 50 billion yen, of which about 2 billion yen was handled. Most of the export kansho handled by Miyazaki Keizai Ren is produced within the JA Otsuka jurisdiction, and it is important for Miyazaki Keizairen to expand sales channels for horticultural agricultural products, including expanding exports of kansho, and to secure stable business partners. It's one of the challenges. JA Kushima City Otsuka is located in the northern part of Kushima City, which is located at the southernmost tip of Miyazaki Prefecture.), Livestock products (meat cows, calves), tea, etc., but the cultivation area of kumquat has reached 600 hectares among the cultivated crops, and the production and sale of kumquat Agricultural cooperative specializing in. However, it was not the production center of sweet potatoes for fruits and vegetables from the beginning, and until the 1955's, sweet potatoes and wheat for starch raw materials, which were in high demand at that time, were the main agricultural products in the Otsuka district of Kushima City, and most of the sweet potatoes for fruits and vegetables were cultivated. I heard that it wasn't. The essential production of kansho using the warm climate is tunnel cultivation, early digging cultivation, normal / late digging cultivation, planting from January to mid-June, and growing period from mid-March to September. In the beginning of the year, harvesting takes place over a long period of May to November, and shipping seems to be done throughout the year. A small ball kansho, which is not popular in the domestic market and is in low demand, is exported to Hong Kong on a trial basis. At the time of the start, Nakamaru Fruit and Vegetables (middle wholesaler, currently closed) of Fukuoka City Central Wholesale Market was in charge of export, and it seems that exports to Hong Kong were carried out using Fuyo Trading（Fuyo Bekkan Co., Ltd., location, Toko, Hakata Ward, Fukuoka, Fukuoka Prefecture, 45 employees, capital 10 million yen, business description restaurant business, lunch manufacturing industry, catering industry, history, 1970 Fuyo Commercial affairs, established, 1970 Tenjin Fuyo, 1975 International tourist restaurant Hakata Fuyo (former Fuyo Annex), opened 1995, Fuyo Shoji Trading Department established (starting export of all food products to Asia), related companies, company name FUSO LOGISTICS Logistics Co., ltd. Kanagawa International distribution by major business aviation and sea in Yamashita Town, Naka Ward, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka Prefecture. An operation business that has a distribution warehouse (bonded warehouse) with import and export as the decisive point of contact, and supplies the required quantity when the required product is needed. Other.）as an export window. Exports of agricultural products to Hong Kong have been carried out mainly for mushrooms for about 32 years, but it seems that the export volume was not so large. Of the exports from Japan, the total export volume via Miyazaki Keizairen was 238 tons in 2012 (41% of the exports from Japan) and 399 tons in 2013 (39%). It accounted for 40% of the export volume. Some of the sweet potatoes exported from Miyazaki Keizairen are from Mayu, but it seems to be JA Otsuka. In recent years, due to the conclusion of transactions with Japanese-affiliated Aeon Hong Kong (10 stores) and the influence of the economic expansion in China, consumption of Japanese agricultural products has expanded not only to some wealthy people but also to the middle class. Partly because of this, the export volume of the economy has also increased significantly. I've heard that the export of sweet potatoes, which originally started with the purpose of developing sales channels for small sweet potatoes, which had little demand in Japan, has increased so much that it is now called a hit product in the Hong Kong market, and there are times when there is a shortage of goods. The reason why JA Kushima City Otsuka Kansho is very popular in the Hong Kong market and is able to maintain high competitiveness against other production areas is that it has a large production volume and a system that enables stable shipments throughout the year according to the demand of the local market. It is in place, has a relationship of trust with local traders through many years of continuous trading, and has been devised to make it easier for consumers to buy, such as a 500-gram pouch pack. It has a chewy texture and is delicious, and it matches the food culture (rice porridge, soup, poultice) of the export destination (Hong Kong). In Hong Kong, which has no four seasons, there is demand for kansho on the anniversary, and I heard that importers also want to ship from Japan on the anniversary. It seems that the export kansho produced by the farmers in the jurisdiction are washed, sorted, and boxed after harvesting, then collected at the JA large bundle collection point and transported by heavy truck to each shipping destination. It seems that the export bags are packed in bags, then boxed in cardboard boxes, and then directly delivered to Fuyo Trading's refrigerated storage warehouse in Fukuoka City. Export cargoes are lined up in the jurisdiction every Wednesday (the market is closed except holidays and holidays), and are delivered to Fuyo Trading's refrigerated warehouse on Thursday, online by Kyushu Nissin Co., Ltd.（Headquarters: Kashiiteriha, Higashi Ward, Fukuoka, Head office location, Tanotsu, Higashi Ward, Fukuoka, Capital, 250 million yen, Established, June 2003, Shareholders, Nissin Co., Ltd. (100%), Employees, 120 people (as of April 2021), etc.）, which is in charge of logistics. After customs clearance at, it seems that it will be loaded into a refrigerated container on Saturday and set sail for Hong Kong by cargo ship. The transportation period from Fukuoka to Hong Kong seems to be about 3-4 days. Sweet potato to Hong Kong is exported once a week, and if the refrigerated container has free space, it seems that other fruits and vegetables and processed foods are also mixed. The export price is determined based on the suggested production area price presented by the production area (JA Kushima City Otsuka and Miyazaki Keizai Ren) two weeks before export, through discussions between Fuyo Trading and Hong Kong traders, and retailing locally. I heard that when an event such as a bargain sale is held, price negotiations are held separately. Currently, the export business of Kansho is integrated into the export route of JA Otsuka-Miyazaki KeizaiRen-Fukuoka Dydo-Fuyo Trading, and product estimation and product estimation between Miyazaki KeizaiRen on the production area side and Fuyo Trading, which is the export window. Price negotiations have been held, and Fukuoka Dydo seems to play a role in collecting goods so that shortages do not occur. The commercial distribution is from JA Otsuka to Miyazaki KeizaiRen-Fukuoka Dydo-Fuyo Trading-Importer (Hong Kong) -Retailer (Hong Kong), while logistics is from JA Kushima City Otsuka to Fuyo Trading, an exporter. It seems that an extremely efficient export channel has been built, such as directly transporting small balls. Recently, the amount of sweet potatoes exported from other production areas has tended to increase, and the perception that sweet potatoes are produced in Miyazaki, including exports, is breaking down. For JA Kushima City Otsuka, the export business is just one of the sales channels for sweet potatoes, and for producers, it seems important whether or not a certain amount of profit can be secured by exporting. At present, the export volume of kansho is not large enough to fulfill the supply and demand adjustment function of the entire market including the domestic market, and the export business functions as a means for diversifying market risk for the production area. It can be said that it is fulfilling. It is necessary to proceed with the export business of agricultural products while considering the supply-demand balance of the domestic market, shipping capacity, etc., and in order to produce agricultural products for export for overseas and work on the export business, the production capacity and production cost of the production area , Logistics costs, export market demand trends, export prices, exchange rates, trading partners, systems and policies of export destination countries, etc., and issues that should be tackled comprehensively, strategically, and in the medium to long term. From the viewpoint of export production areas, there are few successful cases of fruit and vegetable (vegetables, fruits) export business, and it takes days for transportation to the local market, storage status after arrival, and over-the-counter sales, and the products are spoiled and deteriorated. The reality is that it is difficult to draw a future outlook due to problems such as product loss due to the above. No, I know, but there is room for learning. Kushima City, which is the production center and is within the jurisdiction, is located between 131 ° 09 to 131 ° 23 minutes east longitude and 31 ° 21 ° to 31 ° 39 minutes north latitude at the southernmost tip of Miyazaki Prefecture. The area is 295.15 km2, adjacent to Shibushi City in Kagoshima Prefecture with Sanrei such as Hinata Nada in the east and Ryuguchi / Kasakami in the west, facing Shibushi Bay in the south, and adjacent to Miyakonojo City and Nichinan City with Sanrei in the north. The average temperature was 17.8 degrees Celsius (as of 2013), and it seems to be blessed with a warm climate without snow. On the coastline, there are only nature such as the marine park connected to the scenic Nichinan Kaigan Quasi-National Park dotted with undulating islands and rocky reefs, Cape Toi of wild horses, and the beautiful Nagisa Ichiki coast where subtropical plants flourish. It is famous as a tourist countryside city full of charm. The city will analyze the current state of the city's population, share the local residents' perceptions of the population, and present future directions and future prospects for the future in order to overcome the population decline and sustainably develop in the future. Therefore, in February 2016, we formulated the “Kushima City Town / People / Work Creation Population Vision”. Kushima City is the birthplace of the ripe kumquat of the Miyazaki brand. Like sweet potatoes, it is shipped under the JA Kushima City Otsuka brand. Appeared nationwide after the opening date of January 15th every year. Nowadays, you can usually see ripe kumquat “Tamatama” here and there, but it seems that the reason for its birth was the big cold wave that occurred 38 to 39 years ago. I heard that the producers in Kushima were also severely damaged. I heard that the introduction of house cultivation at that time was the trigger. Ripe kumquats “Tamatama” are greenhouse-grown elites who carefully grow only selected fruits. It is bigger and sweeter than the one for processing, and it seems that you can eat it deliciously as it is raw. In addition, it is said to be good for health as it contains a large amount of vitamin C and vitamin E. It is a new way to eat kumquat, which can be bitten with the whole skin and can only be made with ripe kumquat from Miyazaki. Large and sweet kumquats bloom three to four times a year. “It happens” is a lot of fruits that are scratched or malformed by hand, and only the selected “elite” ripens slowly in the greenhouse, so it's hard to believe that it's kumquat. I've heard that “big” and “sweet” can be eaten as they are, “accidentally”. The variety is uncertain, but many who are studying fruit trees know that there is a “Ninpo kumquat” in Japan. It is one of the many kumquat varieties in Japan and one of the few fruit trees with a place name in its name. On January 2, 1826, a Ningbo merchant ship named “Tokutai; E Tai” departed from Zhapu Port in Zhejiang Province. Originally, it seems that it was planned to send three Japanese merchants to Nagasaki. However, the hull was damaged by the storm, and it was said that it was off the route and washed ashore near Shizuoka prefecture. While moored in Shizuoka, the person who was in charge of providing food to the “Tokutai-issue” was Gonzaemon Shibata, who discovered that there was a rare variety of kumquat in the “Tokutai-issue”. It seems. Clearly different from the kumquats he had seen before, it was round, big and very flavorful. Therefore, he asked the captain to divide the fruit into several pieces, planted the seeds in his garden, and carefully raised them. Then, it became possible to produce good quality fruits. After that, the kumquat left by the “Tokutai-issue” came to be called “Ningbo kumquat”, and I heard that it took root in Japan and was cultivated all over Japan. Introducing the origin of Miyazaki from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries variety registration homepage. Types of agriculture, forestry and fisheries plants Fortunella Swingle (Japanese name: Kinkan genus) Name of registered variety Miyazaki Omaru, Variety name at the time of application publication Application number, 23467, Date of application, 2009/02/18, Date of publication of application, 2009/04/22, Registration number 20868, Date of registration 2011/07/11, Duration of breeder's rights 30 years, Training Date of extinction of human rights Name and address of varieties registrant, Miyazaki Prefecture (Tachibana-dori Higashi, Miyazaki City): Name of the person who bred the registered varieties, Mr. Hisayoshi Takeshima, Mr. Ryoichi Kodama, Mr. Ryutaro Nagata, Mr. Shigefumi Kuroki, Mr. Kazunori Yamaguchi, Mr. Kenji Tokuman, Mr. Takahiro Aratake, Mr. Tsunekazu Kuroki, Mr. Tetsuji Kinoshita, Mr. Rikiya Hirata, Mr. Makoto Sano, Mr. Shinichi Kushima, Restrictions on exports Yes No designated countries. The tree is upright, the density of the shoots is dense, the size of the tree is small, the tree vigor is weak, the thickness of the shoots is thick, the length of the shoots is long, the internode length is short, and the thorns of the shoots. Somewhat many, leaf blade shape is spindle-shaped, leaf blade wavy degree is weak, leaf blade size is extremely small, leaf height is short, leaf blade width is narrow, leaf shape index is small, net vein sharpness is unknown , The shape of the wing leaves is a trace, the length of the leaf stalk is short, the thickness of the leaf stalk is medium, the formation of the inflorescence is solitary, the weight of the flower (flower bud) is very light, the shape of the petal is spindle-shaped, the length of the petal Is extremely short, the width of the petals is extremely narrow, the color of the petals (outside the buds) is white, the number of petals is 4, the degree of separation of the filaments is unified, the amount of pollen is slightly large, and the shape of the fruit is Long sphere, the shape of the apex is a circle, there is no radial groove on the apex, there is no concave ring on the apex, the shape of the pericarp is a cut plane, there is no radial groove on the apex, The fullness of the fruit core is dense, the size of the fruit core is small, the weight of the fruit is medium, the color of the pericarp is dark orange, the size of the oil vesicles is a mixture of large and small, the density of the oil vesicles is dense, and the unevenness of the oil vesicles. Is convex, the rough surface of the leaf is smooth, the thickness of the peel is medium, the ratio of the peel is maximum, the color of the leaf (flesh) is orange, the juice is medium, the sweetness is high, the acidity is medium, and the aroma is slight. Medium, small number of seeds, very late germination, very late flowering, slightly early maturity, low biennial results, no floating fruit, no cracking, short storability be. (RHS is used for the color chart) The application cultivar “Miyazaki Omaru” has more thorns on the shoots and denser oil vesicles than the control cultivar “Ninpo Kumquat”. It is said that distinction is recognized. Name of registered variety “Miyazaki Yumemaru” : Variety name at the time of publication of application, application number 23468, date of application 2009/02/18, date of publication of application 2009/04/22, registration number 19999, date of registration 2010 / 11/15, Duration of breeder's right 30 years, Date of extinction of breeder's right Name and address of variety registrant, Miyazaki prefecture, Name of person who cultivated registered variety, Mr. Hisayoshi Takeshima, Mr. Ryoichi Kodama, Mr. Shigefumi Kuroki, Mr. Yamaguchi Kazunori, Mr. Kenji Tokumatsu, Mr. Takahiro Aratake, Mr. Tsunekazu Kuroki, Mr. Tetsuji Kinoshita, Mr. Rikiya Hirata, Mr. Makoto Sano, Restrictions on Exporting Acts No designated country. The tree shape is medium, the density of the shoots is medium, the size of the tree is small, the tree vigor is weak, the thickness of the shoots is thick, the length of the shoots is long, the internode length is medium, and the thorns of the shoots. Somewhat many, leaf blade shape is spindle-shaped, leaf blade wavy degree is weak, leaf blade size is medium, leaf height is short, leaf blade width is extremely narrow, leaf shape index is extremely small, and the sharpness of the net vein is slightly clear, no wing leaf shape, short leaf stalk length, medium leaf stalk thickness, solitary inflorescence formation, very light flower (flower bud) weight, petal shape is spindle-shaped, petal The length is extremely short, the width of the petals is extremely narrow, the color of the petals (outside the flower buds) is white, the number of petals is 5, the degree of separation of the filaments is unified, the amount of pollen is slightly large, and the fruit The shape is a long sphere, the shape of the apex is a circle, the presence or absence of a radial groove on the apex is absent, the presence or absence of a concave ring on the apex is absent, the shape of the pericarp is a cutting plane, and the radial groove on the apex is slightly No, the fullness of the fruit core is dense, the size of the fruit core is small, the weight of the fruit is slightly light, the color of the pericarp is dark orange, the size of the oil vesicles is slightly small, the density of the oil vesicles is medium, oil. The unevenness of the vesicles is flat, the rough surface of the fruit is smooth, the thickness of the pericarp is medium, the ratio of the pericarp is maximum, the amount of fruit juice is small, the sweetness is high, the acidity is extremely low, the aroma is medium, and the number of seeds is high. No, germination period is extremely late, flowering period is extremely late, maturity period is early, biennial result is low, no floating fruit is generated, no fruit cracking occurs, and storage is short. Compared to the control variety “Ninpo Kumquat”, the application variety “Miyazaki Yumemaru” is distinguished by the fact that the amount of fruit juice is less, the acidity is extremely low, and the number of seeds is absent. Be done. Compared to the control variety “Puchimaru”, it is said that the distinction is recognized by the medium density of oil vesicles and the extremely low acidity. Name of registered variety, “Petit Maru” : Variety name at the time of publication of application Application number 11814, Date of application 1999/06/10, Date of publication of application 2000/02/22, Registration number 10379, Date of registration 2002/07 / 10, Duration of breeder's right 25 years, Date of extinction of breeder's right Name and address of variety registrant, National Research and Development Corporation Agriculture and Food Industry Technology Research Organization (Kannondai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture): Registered variety Names of those who bred, Mr. Toshio Yoshida, Mr. Hirohisa Nekaku, Mr. Terutaka Yoshioka, Mr. Hiroyuki Iejo, Mr. Yuji Ito, Mrs. Mutsuko Nonomura, Mr. Isamu Ueno, Mr. Akio Yamada, Mr. Shoji Murase, Mr. Fumitaka Takishita, No designated country none. This variety was cultivated by crossing “Nagami kumquat（Citrus margarita: A variety of kumquat in the family Rutaceae. An evergreen shrub that came from China.）” with “Tetraploid ninpo kumquat”. The fruit shape is prolate spheroid, the fruit weight is slightly light, the skin color is dark orange, and the breeding ground (Shizuoka). In Shimizu City, Shizuoka Prefecture, it is a triplet variety of early-maturing varieties that matures in mid-January. The shape of the tree is medium, the size of the tree is a little small, and the tree vigor is medium. The thickness of the shoots is thick, the internode length is short, and the thorns are medium. The shape of the leaf blade is spindle-shaped, the degree of wavyness is weak, the size of the leaf blade is extremely small, the leaf height is short, the leaf blade width is extremely narrow, and the sharpness of the net vein is unknown. The shape of the wing leaves is absent, the length of the petiole is short, and the thickness is thin. The formation of inflorescences is solitary, the weight of flowers (flower buds) is extremely light, the shape of petals is spindle-shaped, the length is short, the width is medium, the color is white, the number is 5, and the degree of separation of pollen is the same. First, the amount of pollen is a little high. The shape of the fruit is a prolate spheroid, the fruit shape index is quite small, the shape of the apex is a circle, there is no radial groove and concave ring, the shape of the fruit stem is a cut plane, and there is no radial groove. The fruit core is dense, the size is medium, the weight of the fruit is slightly light, the color of the pericarp is dark orange, the size of the oil vesicles is slightly large, the density is sparse, the unevenness is flat, and the fruit surface is rough. Is slippery, the thickness of the pericarp is medium, the pericarp ratio is maximum, and the difficulty of peeling is medium. The hardness of the sac is medium, the shape of the sac is short, the size is extremely small, and the color is orange. The juice is slightly low, the sweetness is high, the acidity and aroma are medium, the number of seeds is absent, and the number of embryos is single embryo. The germination period and flowering period are extremely late, the maturity period is early, and in the growing area, it is mid-January. Biennial bearing is low, no floating peels and cracks occur, and storage is short. Compared to “Nagami Kumquat”, there are more thorns on the shoots, there are no seeds, etc., and compared to “Ninpo Kumquat”, there are no seeds, single embryos, etc. It is said that distinction is recognized in. Name of registered variety “Yumi-chan's Hoppe” : Variety name at the time of publication of application Application number 16910, Date of application 2004/04/08, Date of publication of application 2004/12/17, Registration number 14785, Registration date 2007/02/20, Duration of breeder's right 30 years, Extinction date of breeder's right 2010/02/23, Name and address of variety registrant, Mrs. Yoshiko Furuya (section of village north, Kushima City, Miyazaki Prefecture) ): Name of the person who bred the registered variety, Mrs. Yoshiko Furuya. This variety is a sport of “Ninpo Kumquat”, which has a long ball shape, medium fruit weight, orange peel color, and early-maturing varieties that mature in early December in the growing area (Kushima City, Miyazaki Prefecture). The appearance of the tree is upright, the size of the tree is small, and the tree vigor is weak. The thickness of the shoots is thick, the internode length is short, and the thorns of the shoots are medium. Leaf blade shape is spindle-shaped, tip shape is sharp, wavy degree is weak, leaf blade size is extremely small, leaf height is short, leaf blade width is extremely narrow, leaf shape index is small, lesser omentum is clear The degree is unknown. The shape of the wing leaves is absent, the length of the petiole is extremely short, and the thickness is medium. Inflorescence formation is solitary, flower (flower bud) weight is very light, petal shape is stamen-shaped, length is very short, width is very narrow, color is white, number is 5, and pollen separation The degree is united, and the amount of pollen is medium. The shape of the fruit is a prolate spheroid, the fruit shape index is small, the shape of the fruit apex is a circle, the presence or absence of radial grooves and concave rings is absent, and the shape of the fruit stem is a tangent plane. The fruit is dense, the size is small, the weight of the fruit is medium, the color of the pericarp is orange, the color of the albedo is pale yellow, the size of the oil vesicles is medium, the density is sparse, the unevenness is flat, and the fruit. The rough surface is smooth, the thickness of the pericarp is medium, the percentage of the pericarp is maximum, and the difficulty of peeling is medium. The hardness of the sac is medium, the shape of the sac is short, the size is extremely small, and the color is orange. The juice is medium, the sweetness is quite high, the acidity is extremely high, the aroma and the number of seeds are medium, and the number of embryos is polyembryony. The germination period and flowering period are extremely late, the maturity period is early, and in the growing area, it is early December. Biennial bearing is low, no floating fruit occurs, few cracks occur, short storability, and high sweetness of the pericarp. Compared to “Ninpo kumquat”, the leaf shape index is smaller, and compared to “Nagami kumquat”, the leaf blade shape is spindle-shaped and the sweetness is higher. Name of registered variety, “Yubeni” : Variety name at the time of publication of application Application number 16911, date of application 2004/04/08, date of publication of application 2005/06/23, registration number 14416, date of registration 2006/08 / 22, Duration of breeder's right 30 years, Date of extinction of breeder's right 2009/08/25, Name and address of variety registrant, Isamu Kanamaru (Honjo, Kushima City, Miyazaki Prefecture): Person who cultivated registered varieties Name, Mr. Isamu Kanamaru. This variety is a mutant tree of “Ninpo Kumquat”, which has a long ball shape, heavy fruit weight, orange peel color, and is a slightly early-maturing variety that matures in mid-February in the growing area (Kushima City, Miyazaki Prefecture). The appearance of the tree is upright, the size of the tree is small, and the tree vigor is weak. The thickness of the shoots is thick, the internode length is quite short, and there are many thorns. Leaf blade shape is spindle-shaped, tip shape is blunt, wavy degree, leaf blade size and leaf height are medium, leaf blade width is narrow, leaf shape index is medium, leaf thickness is quite thick, net The sharpness of the pulse is unknown, the wings are absent, the petiole is extremely short, and the thickness is thick. The formation of inflorescences is solitary, the weight of flowers (flower buds) is extremely light, the shape of petals is stamen-shaped, the length is short, the width is medium, the color is white, the number is 5, and the degree of separation of pollen is At the same time, some of the pollen is inside. The shape of the fruit is a prolate spheroid, the fruit shape index is small, the shape of the apex is a circle, there is no radial groove and concave ring, the shape of the fruit stem is a cut plane, and there is no radial groove. The fruit core is dense, medium in size, heavy in fruit, orange in pericarp, pale yellow in albedo, medium in size of oil vesicles, sparse, uneven, convex, fruit. The rough surface is smooth, the thickness of the pericarp is thick, and the percentage of the pericarp is maximum. The hardness of the sac is medium, the shape of the sac is short, the size is extremely small, and the color is orange. The juice is medium, the sweetness is fairly high, the acidity is low, the aroma is medium, the number of seeds is small, and the number of embryos is polyembryony. The germination period and flowering period are late, the maturity period is rather early, and in the growing area, it is mid-February. Biennial bearing is low, no floating or cracking fruit occurs, short shelf life, and high sweetness of the pericarp. Compared to “Ninpo kumquat”, the leaves are thicker, the fruits are heavier, etc., and compared to “Nagami kumquat”, the leaf shape index is smaller, the fruits are heavier, etc. Name of registered variety, name of variety at the time of publication of “Benioh” Application number 29051, date of application 2014/03/24, date of publication of application 2014/08/28, registration number 25249, date of registration 2016/06 / 13, Duration of breeder's right 30 years, extinction date of breeder's right Name and address of variety registrant, Mr. Yoshinori Eto (section of village Ohira, Kushima City, Miyazaki Prefecture): Name of the person who bred the registered variety, Mr. Yoshinori Eto. The tree is upright, the density of the shoots is dense, the size of the tree is small, the tree vigor is weak, the thickness of the shoots is thick, the length of the shoots is a little long, the internode length is short, and the thorns of the shoots. The shape of the leaf blade is medium, the shape of the leaf blade is spindle-shaped, the degree of leaf blade wavy is weak, the size of the leaf blade is extremely small, the leaf height is short, the leaf blade width is narrow, the leaf shape index is slightly large, and the sharpness of the net vein. Unknown, wing leaf shape is trace, leaf stalk length is very short, leaf stalk thickness is medium, inflorescence formation is solitary, flower (flower bud) weight is very light, petal shape is spindle-shaped, petal The length of the flower is very short, the width of the petal is very narrow, the color of the petal (outside of the flower bud) is white, the number of petals is 5, the degree of separation of the inflorescence is unified, the amount of pollen is medium, and the fruit The shape is a long sphere, the shape of the apex is a circle, the presence or absence of a radial groove on the apex is absent, the presence or absence of a concave ring on the apex is absent, the shape of the pericarp is a cutting plane, and the shape of the radial groove is a little. No, the fullness of the fruit core is dense, the size of the fruit core is small, the weight of the fruit is medium, the color of the pericarp is orange-red, the size of the oil vesicles is medium, the density of the oil vesicles is medium, the oil vesicles The unevenness is flat, the rough surface of the fruit is smooth, the thickness of the skin is thick, the ratio of the skin is maximum, the difficulty of peeling is difficult, the hardness of the bud membrane is medium, the shape of the bud is short, and the shape of the bud is short. The size is extremely small, the color of the sajo (pericarp) is yellow-orange, the fruit juice is medium, the sweetness is high, the acidity is extremely high, the aroma is slightly low, the number of seeds is medium, the bud period is very late, and the flowers bloom. The period is very late, the maturity period is rather early, the biennial result is low, the occurrence of floating peel fruit is absent, the occurrence of fruit cracking is absent, and the storability is short. The application cultivar “Benioh” is distinguished from the control cultivar “Ninpo Kumquat” by the fact that the color of the pericarp is orange-red. Compared to the control variety “Miyazaki Omaru”, the color of the pericarp is orange-red, which makes it distinctive. Last but not least, the name, “Eclique 109” : Variety name at the time of publication of the application Application number 21548, Date of application 2007/10/01, Date of publication of application 2008/01/15, Registration number 18214, Date of registration 2009/06/25, Duration of breeder's right 30 years, Extinction date of breeder's right 2015/06/26, Name and address of variety registrant, National Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives (Ote Town, Chiyoda Ward, Tokyo) : Names of those who bred registered varieties, Mr. Atsushi Owada, Mr. Takumi Wakitsuka, Mr. Toshiro Nagao, Mr. Kuniaki Sugawara, Mr. Satoshi Nishiyama, Mrs. Eriko Inoue, Mrs. Mitsuko Takamatsu. The tree is upright, the density of the shoots is dense, the size of the tree is small, the tree vigor is medium, the thickness of the shoots is quite thick, the length of the shoots is medium, the internode length is short, and the thorns of the shoots. The shape of the leaf blade is oval, the degree of leaf blade wavy is quite weak, the size of the leaf blade is extremely small, the leaf height is short, the leaf blade width is extremely narrow, the leaf shape index is extremely small, and the net vein The sharpness is a little clear, the shape of the wing leaves is a trace, the length of the leaf stalk is very short, the thickness of the foliage is a little thick, the formation of the inflorescence is solitary, the weight of the flower (bud) is very light, the shape of the petal Is spindle-shaped, petals are short, petals are narrow, petals (outside the buds) are white, the number of petals is 5, the degree of separation of the filaments is partially united, and the amount of pollen is small. Many, the shape of the fruit is a long sphere, the shape of the apex is flat, the presence or absence of a radial groove on the apex is absent, the presence or absence of a concave ring on the apex is absent, the shape of the apex is a cutting plane, and the shape of the apex is a radial stripe. There are no grooves, the fruit core is dense, the size of the fruit core is quite small, the weight of the fruit is extremely light, the color of the fruit skin is dark orange, the size of the oil vesicles is medium, and the density of the oil vesicles. Medium, the unevenness of the oil buds is convex, the rough slip of the fruit surface is smooth, the thickness of the fruit skin is thin, the ratio of the fruit skin is medium, the difficulty of peeling is medium, the hardness of the stalk is medium, and the shape of the leaf Is short, the size of the leaves is extremely small, the color of the leaves is yellowish white, the fruit juice is slightly high, the sweetness is high, the acidity is extremely high, the aroma is medium, the number of seeds is medium, and the bud stage. Medium, medium maturity, low biennial results, no floating fruit, no cracking. The application cultivar “Eclique 109” is distinguished from the control cultivar "Ogonkan" in that the weight of the fruit is extremely light and the color of the pericarp is dark orange. Compared to the control variety “Ninpo Kumquat”, the leaf blades are oval in shape and the pericarp is thin, which makes them distinctive. JA Kushima City Otsuka is centered on National Highway 220, which runs through the eastern part, the JR Nichinan Line, which runs parallel to it, and prefectural roads, which run through the area. For transportation to consumption areas, land transportation by truck and car ferry from Miyazaki Port to Keihin / Keihanshin and Shibushi Port to Keihanshin are used. I would like to ask you once while you are alive.
Rich in nutrients that support the recovery of cold-damaged throat and nose and strengthen mucous membranes. It is expected to have the effect of improving immunity against cold and bacteria by taking it moderately and continuously. A lot of vitamin C is needed to make “collagen（It is a part of the proteins that mainly make up the dermis, ligaments, tendons, bones, cartilage, etc. of vertebrates, and is the main component of the extracellular matrix of multicellular animals.）,” a type of protein that makes skin tissue. People who are concerned about rough skin and mucous membranes regularly eat kumquat, which is rich in vitamin C, which is good for the formation of healthy skin. Citrus aroma components are expected to reduce accumulated stress and calm the mind. The skin contains a large amount of hesperidin, which works to absorb vitamin C, which suppresses active oxygen, which causes blood vessels to contract and hypertension. It also keeps supple and strong blood vessels and promotes blood circulation to capillaries. Reduces bad cholesterol in the blood and stabilizes good cholesterol levels The effect is great. The skin and streaks are rich in dietary fiber. Dietary fiber also has the function of sticking to harmful substances in the body and excreting it, so it is expected to have a detoxifying effect and to relieve the mind.
C10H16: An essential oil component that is abundant in citrus peels. Produced with more than 300 kinds of plants including “lemons” and oranges. Its scent is refreshing, sweet and sour, and it is expected to have a relaxing effect by smelling this scent. It is well known that natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in the innate immune system by eliminating cancer cells and virus-infected cells. It is a clear fact that aging and stress attenuate the activity of NK cells, thereby increasing the risk of various diseases. We identified β-cryptoxanthin (BCX) as an active ingredient with iNK cell activation effect and R-limonene as an active ingredient that mediates NK cell activation as well as anti-stress effect by oral administration. BCX, R-limonene and R-limonene metabolites have clearly published research results that enhance IFN-γ production in human NK cell lines, KHYG-1 cells.
Yamadai sweet potato was registered in GI (Geographical Indication Protection System) in 2018. Kumquat originated as much as that, but the producers in Kushima City have lovingly raised it, and as is clear from the above introduction, it has greatly contributed to the improvement of Japan's agriculture, forestry and fisheries industry. I hope that this special agricultural product will someday reach those who do not know it yet.
