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Tuesday, September 26, 2023

西郷南洲遺訓(山形県鶴岡市): 道は天地自然のものにして, 人はこれを行うものなれば, 天を敬するを目的とす. 天は人も我も同一に愛し給う故, 我を愛する心を以て人を愛する也; まず, 他人を愛せよ. 他人から愛されるのを待っていないで, 自分の方から進んで他人を愛せよ-自助の精神;発明・創造により国家を富ませた偉人たち;忍耐力こそ成功の源泉である;勤勉な努力と忍耐が成功を生む;いかにしてチャンスをつかむか;天才はどう作られるのか – 芸術の分野で成功を収めた人たち;誰もが成功して偉くなることができる;意志の持つすばらしい力;仕事に励むことが人格を形成する;金銭の用い方;自分自身の力で向上することについて;従うべき手本について;品行について, 真の君子について論ず – Heaven helps those who help themselves. from MASANAO Nakamura(John)Self-Help by Samuel Smiles(from Haddington, SCOTLAND) translated and published in 1871 as “Saigoku Risshi-hen.”

【Product name】

Maitake mushroom(Shinshu Nakano)

【Type】

Grifola frondosa (Dicks.) Gray

【Producing area】

Nakano City, Nagano Prefecture (JA Nakano City, JA Zen-Noh Nagano)

【Origin of name】

I heard that it was named as a mushroom with a rare value that makes the person who found it soar and appreciate it.

【Major features】

From the end of the Edo period to the Meiji era, clay dolls (Nakano) were deeply rooted in the lives of ordinary people all over the country, and the wisdom, sayings, and lessons contained in the dolls became the culture of many children in Japan. It has played a major role in the formation of the human mind. In Nakano City, the “Nakano Doll” produced by the Nara family and the “Tategahana Doll” produced by the Nishihara family (in the mid-1897s, at that time, Nishihara’s work (first generation) was Angenji in Nakano City. It seems that they were manufacturing roof tiles in the temple area. It is said that Umesaburo Saito (real name: Umetaro), a gargoyle craftsman in Mikawa, Aichi Prefecture, made clay dolls as a side job during the winter season.) ” , These are collectively called “Nakano clay doll”. It is rare in Japan that two lines with different processes and characteristics from the place of origin are produced in the same area using traditional traditional techniques, which seems to be the reason why Nakano City is called “Clay Doll Village”. The spring something characteristic of a particular season “Nakano Doll City” in Kita Shinshu, which is visited by jar doll lovers nationwide, is scheduled to be held on March 31st (Thursday) and April 1st (Friday), 2022. It seems that the purchasers of Nakano Dobina will be decided by a preliminary lottery this year as well to prevent infection. 舞茸 : It has been time-consuming to collect and has been prized since ancient times. It is rich and has a delicious flavor. Light is essential for Maitake mushrooms cultivation. Generally, a fluorescent lamp installed on the ceiling is used. Discovered from research that LED(発光ダイオード: light emitting diode; Invented by Nick Holoniac, Jr. in 1962 : Red color)s can be used for maitake mushrooms cultivation as an alternative to fluorescent lights. Therefore, it is expected to contribute to the cost reduction of producers and the stabilization of management. Widely used for cooking and high in nutritional value. Tempura, vinegared food, seasoned, grilled, simmered, stir-fried, fried, soup, cooked rice, etc. Ingredients that make your heart love to your important person. Please recover quickly with enough nutrition and sleep. It is said that it was named Maitake mushrooms because of its deliciousness that makes you want to dance. It features an umbrella that looks like a petal, and the one with good freshness has a crisp tension on the umbrella. It seems that the stem part with a crispy texture is also preferred in the production area. It is clear that it is rich in β-glucan and vitamin D, which have the function of boosting immunity. In early autumn 2019, four mushroom producers in Nakano City, including K-AI Ogiwara (Nakano City, Nagano Prefecture: Saigo Takamori’s favorite word in his later years was “love people; 敬天愛人.” To respect the heavens is to be good with the natural reason, the right way as a human being, that is, the heavenly way. It is said that the basic principle of loving people is to lose one’s desires and selfishness and to live with an “altruistic” mind. He humbly follows nature and contributes to the development of local industries and the improvement of job creation through the production of mushrooms. The cool climate of Shinshu seems to be the best environment for mushroom cultivation. Under these circumstances, it seems that it aims to be a company that pays close attention to food safety and security and can contribute to health based on the trust of customers.), a major producer of Flamemulina velutipes, seem to have launched a new company for producing enokitake mushrooms. It seems that it has set up a factory in the city and started shipping in October. The city has the highest production of flammulina velutipes in the whole country, but it seems that there was no production of enokitake mushrooms so far (Flammulina velutipes cultivation started in 1957 in Nakano city. It has become popular among farmers as a side business during the off-season in winter. After that, the number of full-time producers increased and it developed into facility production. In recent years, the quality and production volume have been improved by improving the technology and varieties over many years and building a division of labor system between agricultural cooperatives and producers. Yields have increased significantly due to the increase in size of facilities and the introduction of the latest technology. In addition, rare high-class mushrooms are produced as well as bunashimeji mushrooms, enoki mushrooms, and nameko mushrooms, creating the “Kingdom of Mushrooms”). I heard that they will jointly participate in the production of enokitake mushrooms, which have a higher unit price than Flammulina velutipes, etc., in order to improve profits. Apple Japanese Beef cow Shinshu Beef’s efforts and construction of an integrated distribution system that integrates production and sales: The reason for this and the background of the efforts, but in 1962, Daishin Livestock Industry Co., Ltd. was established as a meat processing manufacturer in the production area in Nakano City, Nagano Prefecture. rice field. It seems that this triggered the gathering of beef cattle producers in the neighborhood to form a study group and actively work on the production of higher quality beef cattle. In 1973, the oil crisis seems to have caused the price of imported feed to soar. In response to this, it seems that the producer invested and established Nakano Solid Roughage, an agricultural cooperative corporation. Through trial and error, we developed a special compound feed made by fermenting the squeezed lees of apple juice, which is a by-product of food production, and started regional branding of cows fed this feed. After applying for trademark registration, it seems that it became an apple Japanese beef Shinshu beef. In order to stabilize beef cattle fattening management, it is important to reduce production costs, increase the added value of beef, foster consumer understanding, link to purchases, and improve gross profits. Has been done. In the “Basic Policy for Modernizing Dairy and Beef Cattle Production” announced by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in March 2015, products are one of the measures to strengthen the profitability of livestock management. It is clear that there is a need to improve the added value of. It seems that the establishment of regional brand beef with brand and “production area” is one of the efforts to differentiate it to increase added value. In recent years, in addition to regional brand beef that has traditionally been imaged as high-class beef, we have been promoting initiatives for regional brand beef from a perspective that is characterized by breed characteristics and breeding methods to meet diverse consumer needs. Seems to be increasing. Since the latter half of the 1975, discussions on the liberalization of beef imports have become active, and the environment surrounding beef cattle production seems to have become harsher due to intensifying competition between production areas in Japan. Until then, branding was promoted by producers and Daishin Livestock, but with the aim of unifying regional brand cattle, creating a more rational processing and distribution system, and instilling it in consumers, within Nagano Prefecture. Maruichi Co., Ltd. (a wholesale company that handles all kinds of food products, mainly marine products, and is listed independently on the Second Section of the Nagoya Stock Exchange. Sun. Capital 3,719,860,000 yen. Number of employees 559 (as of March 31, 2021). Fiscal year ending March 31, every year. Main business contents Marine products and processed marine products, daily foods and frozen foods, general dry It seems that it has asked for participation in the wholesale business of food and processed foods, livestock products and processed livestock products. Retail store support business. Distribution / refrigerated warehouse business. OA equipment / communication equipment sales. Insurance agency business. It seems that Maruichi Co., Ltd. responded to this by building an integrated system that connects production, processing, and distribution into one, and became the current Shinshu Japanese Beef Production and Sales Council. The shipped apple Japanese beef cow Shinshu beef seems to have been processed by Daishin Livestock according to the demands of the customers. It is sold by Maruichi Co., Ltd., and it seems that it is sold to major mass retailers, restaurants, retail stores, etc. that can wholesale a large quantity. It is said that major mass retailers have many requests regarding prices and specifications at the time of delivery, but during the peak demand period (December), they refuse to deliver because they cannot respond to detailed processing orders from the sales destination. It seems that they are doing equal transactions. In this way, it seems that the reason why equal transactions are possible is that the trust of continuously delivering a certain amount of supply and the strength as a regional brand are utilized. The council seems to participate in business negotiation events such as exhibitions and promote it in order to raise awareness as a brand. In addition, it seems that all the producers of apple Japanese beef Shinshu beef have joined the “Shinshu 安心 Agricultural Products”, which is an initiative unique to Nagano Prefecture, and it has become a certified farm. Beef grown on this “Shinshu Peace of Mind Agricultural Products” certified farm and having a high oleic acid content is also certified as “Shinshu Premium Beef”, which contributes to improving the product competitiveness of regional brand beef. Seems to be thinking. In recent years, it has been difficult to maintain the number of shipments due to the decrease in producers. However, in order to meet the shipment volume requested by our business partners and maintain the trust of local brands, we have devised ways such as requesting Maruichi Co., Ltd. to join the production subcommittee from Greenfield Co., Ltd., which was established with the investment of JA Saku Asama. It seems that the number of shipments is being maintained while doing so. In this way, by building and maintaining a fixed-time fixed-quantity delivery system, it seems that it leads to sales while building a good relationship of trust with the sales destination. The Shinshu Beef Production and Sales Council was established while involving a large number of stakeholders, such as establishing a feed factory led by the producer and developing distribution and sales destinations if the sales aspect is weak, and is involved in production, processing and distribution. It seems to be characterized by building an integrated system. It seems that the production subcommittee and the sales subcommittee meet twice a year to exchange opinions and hold study sessions. In addition, I hear that it has led to the establishment and further development of apple Wagyu Shinshu beef as a regional brand beef in cooperation with governments such as Nagano Prefecture and Nakano City. Nakano City formulated the Biomass(It is a concept that expresses the amount (mass) of biological resources (bio), which is a renewable, biologically-derived organic resource excluding fossil resources. It is an organic substance produced by photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide using solar energy, and is a sustainable and renewable resource as long as there is life and solar energy in our life cycle. Petroleum and other fossil resources are depleted when mined underground, but plants seem to be able to sustainably produce biomass with the sun, water and carbon dioxide. Unlike carbon dioxide emitted by burning fossil resources, carbon dioxide released when burned is carbon dioxide absorbed from the atmosphere by photosynthesis during the growth process of living organisms, so carbon dioxide is newly increased in the atmosphere. It is said to be a “carbon-neutral” resource that does not allow it. Classified into waste biomass(Livestock excrement, food waste, waste paper, black liquor (pulp factory effluent), sewage sludge, urine sludge, construction-generated wood, lumber factory, etc.), unused biomass(Rice straw, straw, rice husk, forest residue), and resource crops according to their endowment status(Sugar resources (sugar cane, etc.), starch resources (corn, etc.), fat resources (rapeseed, etc.), willow, poplar, switchgrass). It is required to convert and utilize useful products and energy by the technology suitable in the region. Characteristically, fossil resources such as oil are difficult to reuse once they are used, whereas biomass is a renewable resource, and fossil resources are carbon dioxide that causes global warming due to combustion and the like. While it emits carbon (CO2), it is carbon-neutral.)Town concept in 2009, launched the promotion council in 2010, and seems to have made a substantial start. It seems that the budget could not be budgeted in 2011 due to the policy change of the country (government). After that, a new support system by the government started in 2013, and in 2015, the biomass industrial city concept was formulated, but unfortunately, I heard that the country was not selected. After that, it was reviewed and selected in the open call for participants in 2019. In addition, this project is being promoted by the Cabinet Office, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, and seven other related ministries. In addition, we expect great results by gathering public wisdom as a major project through industry-academia-government collaboration. A biomass industry city is an integrated system that secures economic efficiency from collection / transportation, manufacturing, and utilization, using biomass existing in the region as a raw material, and creates an industry that utilizes the biomass of the region and energy for regional circulation. An area that aims to create an environment-friendly and disaster-resistant town centered on the biomass industry that makes the most of the characteristics of the region by strengthening the area. Nagano Prefecture, which started artificial cultivation of enokitake mushrooms using glass bottles in the early Showa era, is now the number one producer of enokitake mushrooms, shimeji mushrooms, and king trumpet mushrooms. The main production area is Nakano City, and of JA Nakano City’s agricultural product sales of 26.8 billion yen last year, 20.9 billion yen is mushrooms. Among them, enokitake mushrooms account for about 50,000 tons, which accounts for nearly 40% of the national production. It seems that they have been working on the production of enokitake mushrooms throughout the region while introducing new production technology in order to produce cash crops in winter instead of migrant workers. The production process of enokitake can be roughly divided into mycelial culture for culturing bacteria and production control for growing enokitake itself from there, but it seems that a division of labor system has been established in the jurisdiction to pursue efficiency and quality improvement. The inoculum seems to have been jointly developed by JA Nakano City and the Nagano Prefectural Rural Industrial Research Institute. The inoculum center propagates this, selects excellent ones, sends them to the culture center, inoculates them in bottles filled with medium, and hands them to the producers. It is said that productivity has improved dramatically by dividing the difficult culture work that was once done by producers. In addition, the introduction of the liquid inoculation method in 2008 made it possible to shorten the culture period by about 5 days, and the medium used to be sawdust and rice bran, but by using corn core (corn cob) as well. , It seems that the yield could be greatly increased. In addition, a large-scale producer group in the city has set up corporations to grow Bunashimeji mushrooms and King trumpet mushrooms, respectively. I really want to pay attention. “Yamacha mushroom” is the original species of enokitake mushroom, which has good taste, texture and aroma and is also called “brown mushroom” or “brown mushroom”. It seems that it has been attracting attention recently because it has a stronger sweetness and a better texture than the white enokitake mushrooms that you often see. Also, the impression is that the texture is crisper than the white enoki mushrooms that are commonly seen. A big feature is that it has a long shelf life. You can keep it fresh for a few days in the refrigerator. It contains three times as many amino acids as white enoki mushrooms, and especially essential amino acids (10 important amino acids that are indispensable to the human body. If even one is missing, it may cause serious nutritional disorders). It seems that many are included. Amino acids have been proven to be highly effective against antihypertension and diabetes. In 2003, published in Mushroom science and biotechnology, Vol. 11, No. 4. According to the research results at Toyama Forestry and Forest Products Research Center, Forest Experiment Station and Toyama food institute, the effects of bean paste as a medium base material on fruiting body yield and fruiting body components were investigated in the cultivation of enokitake mushroom beds. When the sugioga powder was replaced with bean paste, the fruiting body yield was constant and increased by about 10% when the replacement ratio was 50% or more. The replacement rate was 60%, which was the highest, and increased by about 20%. By doing so, the fruiting body yield was higher than that of Sugioga flour and rice bran medium, and it was suggested that Ezomatsuoga flour could be a useful medium base material by mixing with bean paste. By substituting with bean paste, the enokitake fruiting bodies tended to decrease the content of crude protein and crude fat, and increase the content of free sugar / sugar alcohol, organic acid, and free amino acid. In particular, arabinitol, glycerol, The contents of alanin and glycine increased. It seems that it was speculated that the sweetness of the fruiting body of Enokitake mushrooms was expressed by the increase of these components. Nagano Prefecture’s agriculture boasts a high first-class rice ratio with the highest yield of rice in Japan due to the advanced technology and diligence of farmers, and the core garden crops are lettuce, apples, etc. A variety of high-quality items are produced in a well-balanced manner, including items with the highest market share in Japan such as “grapes”, carnations, and Enoki mushroom. The Nagano Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station is said to be conducting experimental research to solve problems in agriculture and fisheries, centered on six experimental sites(Agricultural Experiment Station(Ogawara, Suzaka), Fruit Tree Experiment Station(Ogawara, Suzaka), Vegetable Flower Experiment Station(Soga, Shiojiri), Livestock Experiment Station(Kataoka, Shiojiri), Nanshin Agricultural Experiment Station(Shimoichida, Takamori, Shimoina), Fishery Experiment Station(Akashinanakagawate, Azumino).)in the prefecture. The new “Nakano City”, which was created by the merger of Nakano City and Toyota Village on April 1, 2005, is located in the northeastern part of Nagano Prefecture. Two iconic mountains, Mt. Kosha (1351.5 m) to the northeast and Mt. Madarao (1381.8 m) to the northwest, are located across the Chikuma River, which runs through the center of the city. Villages are formed on the river terraces created by the Chikuma River and the alluvial fan formed by the Yomase River, and the urban area extends over the Nakano alluvial fan. Mt. Kosha is a beautiful mountain that rises independently, and is known as “Takayashiro”, and has been the object of worship since ancient times. At the foot of the river, the Yomase River forms a “Jusan cliff(It is a natural monument with the name of a historic site that has been designated by the national government as the “13 cliffs of Chogenbo breeding ground” (designated on November 14, 1953). It is a cliff formed by the Yomase River, which is a tributary of the Chikuma River, eroding the alluvial fan where the volcanic rocks of Mt. Kosha were carried and deposited by rivers and landslides. It seems that the Yomase River used to flow on the southwest side of Nakano City, but it is said that the flow moved to the north side due to the flood in 1406, and it became a position close to the present. The vertical cliff surface is maintained because the cliff surface was repeatedly eroded by the Yomase River. I heard that the cliff extends from northwest to southeast for about 1,500 m and maintains a height of 30 m or more in the central part. Rookery has been recorded in Spain, Germany, Japan, Norway, Russia, etc., but I heard that Japan has the most records. Rookery takes place in cliffs and holes in buildings, but the number of nests varies from two to 28. In Japan, cliff rookery has been discovered in Nagano and Yamanashi prefectures since around 1950. However, it seems that the number of pairs has decreased in these rookeries, and there are many rookeries that have disappeared. Among them, the breeding ground was designated as a national natural monument in 1953, and is famous as a rookery on a rare cliff in the world, which continues to breed even now.)” and flows north, pouring into the Chikuma River. To the south of the Nakano alluvial fan is the lowland off Entoku, which is further connected to Zenkojidaira in the southwest. In addition, Mt. Madarao consists of five ridges that look like spread palms, with four valleys and many swamps between them, and the terrain is rugged and complex. It joins the Madarao River and pours into the Chikuma River. To the east, Joshinetsu Kogen National Park Shiga Kogen is desired, and to the west, it is said that it is blessed with a scenic view of Hokushin Gogaku(Nasu Godake-Mt. Chausu, Mt. Asahi, Mt. Sanbonyaridake, Mt. Minamigassan, Mt. Kurooya. Echizen Godake-Mt. Haku, Mt. Hino, Mt. Monju, Mt. Ochi, Mt. Yoshinogadake. “Hokushin Gogaku-Mt. Iizuna, Mt. Togaku, Mt. Kurohime, Mt. Myoko, Mt. Madarao.” Mt. Aso-Mt. Neko, Mt. Takaoka, Mt. Nakadake, Mt. Eboshi, Mt. Kishima.). 


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Artificial cultivation of mushrooms is said to have started from shiitake mushrooms about 300 years ago. Currently, there are about 20 types of artificially cultivated mushrooms, all of which are saprotrophic mushrooms, and mycorrhizal mushrooms such as matsutake mushrooms are said to be difficult to cultivate. Cultivation methods include log cultivation and fungal bed cultivation. Log cultivation, in which a hole is made in a log and the inoculum is planted, is a traditional method close to nature, and is mainly used for shiitake mushrooms and Pholiota nameko. Other cultivated mushrooms are grown on a fungal bed, and most of them seem to be grown on a medium that is hardened by adding a nutrient source to sawdust. Mushrooms are low in calories and rich in dietary fiber, B vitamins, vitamin D and other nutrients. In the blood of β-glucan, which enhances the immune system and is a functional component of general shiitake mushrooms, eritadenine (a type of adenosine analog, known as a potent inhibitor of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine ​​hydrolase (SAHH)). It is also expected to have effects that contribute to health, such as lowering cholesterol levels and blood pressure.


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SHINSHU Nakano: As a representative of high-class mushrooms, it has been especially useful in eastern Japan. In recent years, since the artificial cultivation method has been established, it has become possible to easily enjoy its characteristic flavor and aroma.


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In Nagano Prefecture, the application of “Priority Measures to Prevent Spread” has ended on March 6, 2022, but the Hokushin area (Nakano City / Iiyama City, Yamanouchi Town, Shimotakai District, Kijimadaira Village, Nozawa Onsen Village, etc. Sakae Village, Shimominochi District) continues to take measures for infection alert level 5. I hope that the economic situation will recover sooner than anywhere else.

Facing KUMANONADA, it is blessed with a warm climate that rarely snows even in winter, and is a major orange producing area. The sweet “NANKI mandarin oranges” are cultivated by taking advantage of the glittering sunlight. Brand certification of prefectural products and producers that are recognized as a set.

【Product name】

Lemon (Mie Nanki mandarin orange)

【Type】

Citrus limon

【Within the jurisdiction】

Mie Prefecture Ise City, Toba City, Shima City, Owase City, Kumano City, Tamaki Town, Watarai District, Watarai Town, Minamiise Town, Taiki Town, Kitamuro District Kihoku Town, Mihama Town, Kiho Town (JA Ise, JA Zennoh) Mie)

【Origin of name】

The place of origin is said to be eastern Himalayan. Originally, it was “limbu” in Hindu, Chinese, “lemon”, and the transliteration in English was “lemon”. Arabic is “laimun”, “limun”, and Latin is “limo”, French, Spanish, “limon”. Over time, it has not been clarified directly.

【Major features】

In Mihama Town, Minamimuro District, Mie Prefecture, which is known as a town where mandarin oranges can be harvested all year round, the shipment of high-grade citrus “dekopon (Citrus reticulata Siranui)” is at its peak. The parent species is a variety called “Shiranui” made by multiplying Kiyomi and Ponkan, and only those that meet the high criteria of sugar content of 13 degrees or more and acidity of 1 degree or less can be named. It is citrus. From the outside, the calyx part is raised, and about 200 farmers are cultivating dekopon around MIHAMA Town. At the “JA Ise Mie Nanki Unified Fruit Sorting Plant” in the same town, the shipping work of SUMO mandarin has reached its peak, and at the workplace, the sugar content and acidity are checked using an optical sensor, and only agricultural products that meet the standards are selected. It seems that the work of packing the boxes carefully one by one is being carried out. The shipping work is carried out until the beginning of April every year, and it seems that about 250 tons will be shipped to the markets in Mie and Aichi prefectures. The area under the jurisdiction of the “Ise Agricultural Cooperative” is located in the Nansei area of Mie prefecture, and seems to be blessed with a relatively warm climate. In addition to the Hokusei and Chusei regions of Mie prefecture, it is also close to large consumption areas such as Nagoya and Osaka, so as you will see later, in addition to paddy rice and wheat and soybeans as crops, vegetables, fruit trees, and tea It seems that cultivation is flourishing. In May 2011, the “Vegetable Making Study Group” was established within the JA Ise jurisdiction in Mie Prefecture. It seems that there are 15 members who have graduated from the “Vegetable Study School” that JA is conducting for new farmers. At the time of the establishment, the JA staff and the members of the study group were considering new cultivation items, and it seems that a seed company in the prefecture and a wholesaler in Nagoya City proposed to grow Aletta. It seems that he decided to try cultivating Aletta in order to try cultivating new crops. I heard that the planted area was about 50 ares. Aletta will be seeded after the end of July, raised for about 20 days, and then planted in a field with plenty of compost. Then, after the end of December, when the growing top flower buds are about the size of a ping-pong ball, cut the main stem so as to leave side buds and harvest (because the side branches grow one after another even after the top flower buds are harvested. It seems that side branches can be harvested in sequence). After harvesting, weigh the pieces to 150 grams, pack them in bags, and ship them to the collection point. At the time of 2012, it seems that it was shipped to the Nagoya market. It seems that 2011, the first year, was a year of trial and error. Although there are cultivation guidelines, there are some things that cannot be understood only with letters and photographs, so it seems that there were many things to learn while cultivating. For example, if the position to cut off the top flower buds is too high, many side branches will come out, but each one will become thin, and if it is too low, the number of times the side branches will be harvested will decrease. The method of cutting the top flower buds, which greatly affects the harvest of the side branches, seems to be one of the issues to be examined. In addition, it seems that the shipping preparation work, which is the most difficult work for producers, was also an issue. Aletta grows quickly from March to April when the temperature begins to rise, and it seems that harvesting work will be concentrated during this time, and shipping preparation work will be overwhelmed. The harvest time recommended by JA is after 16:00, and the collection will be the next morning, but if the harvest is done in the evening and the preparation work is done, it seems that the work may be overwhelmed until midnight. In order to reduce the work of producers, it seems that they are conducting a trial of bulk shipping that can omit bagging work, but it seems that they were considering changing the harvest time in the future. In addition to this, it seems that various discoveries were made through cultivation. Aletta is a vegetable that is a mixture of broccoli and kale (a vegetable used as a raw material for green juice), and was registered as a variety in March 2011. According to the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries variety registration website, the types of agriculture, forestry and fisheries plants, Brassica oleracea L. convar. Botrytis (L.) Alef. Var. Cymosa Duch. X Brassica oleracea L. var. Sabellica L. (Broccoli variant x Kale, Saverica variant) Name of registered variety: Aletta, name of variety at the time of publication of application Application number 21692, date of application 2007/11/16, date of publication of application 2008/03/04, registration number 20556, Date of registration 2011/03/15, Duration of breeder rights 25 years, Date of extinction of breeder rights Name and address of variety registrant, Mr. Atsushi Higashimura (Shimoroku, Sabaura Town, Yatomi City, Aichi) Breeding of registered varieties Name of the person who did it, Mr. Yusuke Higashimura, Outline of the characteristics of the plant of the registered variety: Leaf color is dark green, Yes axis color is medium purple, grass height is medium, stem thickness is thick, stem length is Medium, side branch development is medium, total number of leaves is extremely large, leaf length is slightly long, leaf width is wide, leaf shape is obovate, leaf tip shape is round, leaf curve is flat, leaf edge There are few waviness, few notches on the leaf edge, leaf color is dark green, leaf pigment is light, waxiness is medium, the shape of the flower sphere is round, the unevenness of the flower sphere is medium, the weight of the flower sphere is small, The diameter of the flower bud is extremely small, the height of the flower sphere is medium, the basic color of the flower sphere is green, the division of the flower sphere green is green, the size of the flower bud is medium, the occurrence of leafy is small, and the flower The length of the leprosy stalk is quite short, the thickness of the flower stalk is quite thin, the color of the flower stalk is light green, the greenness of the cross section of the inner stem of the flower stalk is light green, the occurrence of side branch flower stalks is high, and the harvest. The period is extremely late. The application cultivar “Aletta” is distinguished from the control cultivar “Stick Senor” by the fact that the color of the hypocotyl is medium purple and the harvest time is extremely late. Compared to the control variety “Green Voice”, the color of the hypocotyl is medium purple, and the harvest time is extremely late, which makes it distinctive. It is also classified as rapeseed, and although it looks like broccolini stalks, it can eat all the leaves and buds of stalks. Some people may think that it is a bittersweet vegetable that inherits the kale gene, but Aletta is less bitter when eaten raw, and the stems are sweet. In addition, the buds contain about three times as much carotene and vitamin K as broccoli, and have been popular since they were released as vegetables that are good for the body. As of 2018, it is a production center of Matsusaka beef that is widely recognized as a brand beef, and there seems to be a pig farming management that is trying to build a brand as Tamaki pig. In addition, there are dairy associations that have milk plants in the adjacent area, although they are outside the jurisdiction, so it seems that the farming is well-balanced as a whole. In the policy issue of improving the self-sufficiency rate of pure domestic feed, the fact that the cultivating sector and the dairy / livestock sector are in the jurisdiction and adjacent areas seems to be advantageous from the viewpoint of grasping feed demand and reducing distribution costs. As a result of the transfer of rice for feed in JA Ise jurisdiction, it seems that rice was cultivated on 29,000 hectares, which is 65% of the 45,000 hectares. Of these, rice for main food and rice and deceased rice accounted for 26,900 hectares (excluding deep digging of 1,400 hectares), accounting for more than 90%, but the planted area of newly demanded rice, mainly feed rice, was 1800. It seems that it had reached hectares (6.2% of the rice cultivation area). When feed crops and rice WCS (rice fermented roughage) are added to this, it becomes about 2100 hectares, and it seems that about 4.7% of the entire paddy field was used for feed production. It seems that it has occupied more than 6% of the rice cultivation area in just eight years since the subsidy for new demand rice was fully implemented. For rice farming, it seems that the future task was to secure consumers for stable feed rice production, how to increase the ratio in the situation where the demand for main food rice cannot be expected to increase due to the declining population and aging population. Agricultural income per house of paddy field cultivation in Mie Prefecture is significantly lower than the national average, and since paddy field cultivation is carried out by small-scale part-time farmers, the next issue is who will be responsible for future feed rice production. Seems to be mentioned. Regarding the transition of rice collection, it seems that the subsidy for new demand rice began in earnest in 2008, and the production of feed rice has also been carried out within the JA Ise jurisdiction. However, the ratio is small, 2504 bales equivalent to 4.0% of the total collected amount in 2011, and the price of main food rice produced in 2011 and 2012 increased due to the impact of the 3.11 Great East Japan Earthquake, so in 2013 There was no production of rice for feed, and it seems that the production in 2014 was very small. However, it seems that it has changed significantly from the 2015 production. The reason for this is not only that the price of rice for main food produced in West Japan, which had been rising due to the earthquake, fell below the pre-earthquake level in 2014, but also that the direct payment subsidy for rice was reduced to 7,500 yen from 2014. It seems. The price of rice for main food was on the rise due to the nationwide conversion to feed rice and the elimination of over-planting of rice for main food. It seems that rice production for feed was selected from the viewpoint of stable rice cultivation management because it can receive 80,000 yen and small rice can be added to the shipment amount. As a result, the ratio of feed rice to the total amount collected was 14.8% (11,309 bales) produced in 2016, 3.7 times the ratio and 4.5 times the quantity produced in 2011. Regarding this change, it seems that there was an effort within the JA Ise jurisdiction. Specifically, it seems that three of the collection facilities that had been dispersed in the jurisdiction were integrated and a new country elevator was installed. As a result, daily collection during the harvest season has become possible, and the burden of storage until collection in rice farming has been greatly reduced. Omitted below. The production of rice for feed within the JA Ise jurisdiction was triggered by the issuance of a direct payment subsidy for the utilization of paddy fields, but JA Ise’s efforts to expand production were triggered by the construction of a new country elevator.  However, it seems that rice production for feed is becoming indispensable for stable rice cultivation, as it has reached nearly 15% of JA Ise’s collection volume in just two years after the new country elevator was installed. In addition, the top 10 producers in the jurisdiction account for 78.0% of the collected amount. Since the bearer is also an ambitious producer who is trying to expand the scale, it seems that the efforts at JA Ise are steadily producing results from the intention of the policy. However, since the promotion of full-scale feed rice production has just begun, it seems that it has not expanded to the promotion of farming cooperation centered on feed rice. It seems that some rice farming businesses in the jurisdiction are trying to secure stable demand and save distribution costs through farming cooperation centered on feed rice or rice WCS. Not only Matsusaka beef fattening management but also pig farming management (Tamaki pig) exists in the jurisdiction. Since all of them have been established as brands, it is a big challenge to change the composition design of feed, which is one of the factors that determine the quality. There is no doubt that it will be the key to maintaining and improving the food self-sufficiency rate and food supply capacity in the future. This is because for rice farming, feed rice production that is not affected by fluctuations in the price of main food rice can be procured at a stable price for dairy and livestock farming. There is no doubt that it is expected that the potential can be pursued because it is a regional agriculture with a well-balanced cultivation. In late December 2019, the harvest of Meyer lemons reached its peak in the jurisdiction of JA Ise Mie Nanki district, and the peak of shipment was reached at the JA unified citrus fruit sorting plant in Mihama Town. Growth in 2018 was worried that the rate of excellent products would decline due to abnormal weather such as repeated typhoons and lack of sunshine due to the long rainy season, but it seems that the finish was also good. Meyer lemons handled by JA have been cultivated for about 20 years, and since the cost of animal damage control can be kept low compared to other citrus fruits, the motivation of producers to cultivate them has improved and attracted attention. Meyer lemon has a lot of fruit juice, is rich, and has a mild taste and a refreshing aroma. Taking advantage of these characteristics, the Chu-Hi “Iseji Meyer Lemon Craft Chu-Hi” and “Golden Meyer Lemonade” jointly developed by JA and Takara Sake Brewery have been sold since 2018, which seems to have led to an increase in the production motivation of growers. In recent years, consumers have become more health conscious, and attention has been paid to safe and secure domestic lemons, and demand for processing has also increased. The fruit sorting at the fruit sorting plant will continue until mid-January, and it seems that it is expected to be shipped to markets in the prefecture, Chukyo, Kansai, and Kanto areas, and about 80 tons will be shipped. In 2021 of the previous year, “Nice Stick” using Meyer Lemon from Mie Prefecture is on sale from YAMAZAKI BAKING CO., LTD. (Headquarters location: Iwamotocho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo). “White Nice Stick Lemon Jam & Lemon Cream” is a sandwich of jam and cream made from Meyer lemon juice from Mie prefecture on a moist white dough bread. The refreshing and refreshing taste was a product suitable for summer. It was sold at supermarkets in the Tokai / Hokuriku area (Aichi, Gifu, Mie, Fukui, Ishikawa, Toyama prefectures and Shizuoka, Nagano prefectures) until the end of September. Meyer lemon is said to be a hybrid of orange and lemon, and has a low acidity, a mellow taste and a good aroma. I heard that it is suitable for cooking and processing because the skin is thin and there is a lot of fruit juice. Production in Japan is still low, and the JA Ise Mie Nanki district (Kumano City, Mihama Town, Kihoku Town) is one of the leading production areas in Japan. Now, let’s get into the introduction of this product. In 1940, the deceased Yuji Kikuchi of Hachijojima introduced it from Tinian Island in the Northern Mariana Islands of the Federated States of Micronesia to Hachijojima. After that, seedlings taken from the original forest grown on Hachijojima were brought to Chichijima in the Ogasawara Islands in 1973. Returned to Japan from the US occupation after World War II. The distance from the Ogasawara Islands to Tinian is about 1400 km, and Guam is nearby. Kikuchi Lemon (Saipan Lemon) is an evergreen tree of the Rutaceae family. It seems to be a sport of Meyer lemon found in China. It seems that the mother species, Meyer lemon, was born from a natural cross between lemon and sweet orange. Therefore, the impression is that there is little acidity. The altitude of the tree is about 1 to 3 m. Compared to ordinary lemons, the acidity of the flesh is mild and the skin is not very thick, and when matured on the tree, the skin is not very thick and there is no bitterness. Also, because it is sweet, it is said that the peel is used for every meal on Hachijojima. The fruits are somewhat smaller than regular lemons, but rounded. When sweetened, it becomes orange. The impression that Yap Lemon (Kikuchi Lemon, Saipan Lemon) has fewer seeds and lighter skin and flesh than Meyer Lemon. We must not forget how this variety came to this day. Thanks to Frans Nicholass Meijer (1875-1918), a Dutch plant hunter employed by the US Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce. It seems that the name is also associated with him. “Mie Nanki Mikan” : Considering the evaluation points when certifying the Ise Agricultural Cooperative (formerly Mie Nanki Agricultural Cooperative at the time of certification) as a certified business operator, Mie Brand certification of “Mikan” by other business operators in the future Pay particular attention to the following points. We are working on the production of high quality mandarin oranges based on unified cultivation standards and selection standards. When accrediting a producer group, etc., it is possible to identify the producer, there is a strong connection to production guidance and quality control to the producer, and the responsibility of the supplier is clear. It is mentioned that efforts are being made in production, distribution, and sales in order to demonstrate its superiority and uniqueness over oranges produced in other prefectures. In addition, with the strong guidance of agricultural cooperatives and the activities of the producers’ subcommittee, each producer will utilize organic fertilizers, reduce herbicides, record cultivation history for each field, and the association will publish the control history on its website. We are working on production that is safe, secure and environmentally friendly. Citrus unshiu: Taking advantage of the characteristics of gravel soil, warm and rainy climate, etc., each fruit produced by multi-cultivation is selected for content quality using a highly accurate non-destructive sugar acidity sensor, and is of a high level. It seems that only those that have cleared the selection criteria of are special products. Furthermore, it seems that it is working to create high-value-added products by differentiating it from other production areas, such as by assessing changes in sugar content and acidity at the national level every year and further tightening the selection criteria. In addition, taking advantage of the characteristics such as the decrease in acidity at an early stage, high-quality Satsuma mandarin is shipped from mid-September earlier than other production areas, and the market evaluation is high, and it seems that it is forming one of the highest prices in Japan. Kara Mandarin, Kara(Dr. H. B. Frost of the University of California, Riverside in the United States bred King Mandarin in 1915 in Wenzhou, Owari, and named and announced it in 1935. It was introduced to Japan by Dr. Chozaburo Tanaka in 1955 as a seed, and then introduced to Japan by Hogi at the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Ehime Fruit Tree Experiment Station, etc.): Taking advantage of the warm and rainy climate even in winter, and taking advantage of the characteristic that acid reduction progresses when there is a lot of rain, we have established a cultivation technology for sweet and depleted fruits ahead of other production areas. In addition, in order to cultivate high-quality fruits, we selected gardens based on a suitable site map and triple-packed the fruits, and selected the contents of each fruit using a non-destructive sugar acidity sensor. Shipped as “Nanki oranges (kara)”. Similar to Satsuma mandarin, taking advantage of its characteristics such as the decrease in acidity at an early stage, the color is shipped earlier than other production areas, forming the highest unit price in Japan. We are working on branding the entire “Nanki oranges” and contributing to the promotion of the entire Mie Nanki region as a “production center where oranges can be harvested throughout the year”.


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Producers say that after harvesting, they are focusing on controlling pests, such as spraying chemicals on sprouts and leaves in order to leave the mature shoots of the following year. In addition, in order to maintain the vigor of the trees in the summer, thorough management is carried out so that fertilizer does not run out. We also pay attention to the selection work so that the fruits are not damaged. It is said that when you harvest a lemon that looks beautiful, you will naturally smile. The characteristic of Meyer lemon, which is a specialty of this region, is that it is quick to color and has a rich and mild texture.


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NANKI, the southernmost point of Mie Prefecture (Kumano City, Mihama Town, Kiho Town (also as a bed town to Shingu City, there are two TV relay stations, Kiho Narukawa TV relay station and Kiho Konouchi TV relay station, including Mie TV broadcasting. , CBC TV, Tokai TV Broadcasting, Nagoya TV Broadcasting, Chukyo TV Broadcasting are used in service)) faces Kumano Nada and is blessed with a warm climate where it rarely snows even in winter. It’s a production area. The bright south-facing slopes and the warm breeze carried by the Kuroshio are comfortable. Nanki mandarin oranges cultivated in such a local climate are deeply colored and have a rich taste with a harmony of sweetness and acidity, and are popular with fans. In addition, due to the climate such as warm and heavy rainfall, it is a region suitable for cultivating mandarin oranges that can be shipped early, and taking advantage of its characteristics such as the decrease in acidity at an early stage, it is shipped earlier than other production areas and is the highest level in Japan. It forms a unit price. Producers’ efforts such as reducing herbicides, utilizing organic fertilizers, and opening the control history to the public on the homepage are the reason why we can add peace of mind to our proud taste.


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In 2020, JA will open a free employment agency and conduct cultivation training at its subsidiary Orange Agri Co., Ltd. to solve the labor shortage for harvesting “Mie Nanki oranges” which is becoming more serious due to aging and lack of successors. We are providing support for new farming, but the current situation is that we are not catching up. Participating in Kogakkan University, Kogakkan University, Ise City (April 30, 1882, Prince Kuninomiya Asahiko (NARINORI) issued a letter, and the Ministry of Interior finally approved the installation on May 26, 1883. It was after 1885 that the students were recruited and started full-scale educational activities.) The students said, “It’s hard even for young people, so it’s even harder for aging producers. The power of the students helps. I’m participating because I wish I could be, “he said at the time. Producers who have accepted the activity are in areas where labor shortages are serious, and such efforts are appreciated. I want students to come as part-time jobs. Also, through the experience, he hoped that agriculture would become one of the student’s future options. I hope that the current corona sickness will be improved soon and I will return to my previous life.

Sunday, September 24, 2023

In 2003, it was evaluated for its environmentally friendly agriculture and won the Excellence Award at the 8th Environmental Conservation Agricultural Promotion Contest. 2008, MAFF stipulates that chemical synthetic pesticides and chemical synthetic fertilizers are practiced, and the standard cultivation is reduced by 50%.

【Product name】

Harehime

【Type】

Citrus L.

【Wholesale area, Jurisdiction】

Setoda Town, Onomichi City, Hiroshima Prefecture, Takehara City, Mihara City (excluding Yamato Town) (JA Mihara, JA Hiroshima Fruit Association)

【Origin of name】

I hope that the sunny weather will make the fruit sweet and fragrant in the summer and autumn seasons.

【Major features】

RCC Broadcasting Co., Ltd. (Headquartered in Naka Ward, Hiroshima City, a specific terrestrial backbone broadcasting company that also operates a latte with Hiroshima Prefecture as the broadcasting target area) on March 4, 2022 I want you to finish. This child was born in Japan and she has never seen her grandma. If the war is over early, I’ll go to Ukraine with my children to see my grandmas. I want peace. For that reason, a Ukrainian woman living in Mihara City, Hiroshima Prefecture, complained in front of the Atomic Bomb Dome (Ote Town, Naka Ward, Hiroshima City). Her parents seem to live in Cherkasy in central Ukraine. The big battle has not been confirmed yet, but when the air raid warning sounds, it seems that the days of hiding in the basement of the house continue. Hiroshima Fruit Agricultural Cooperative Association (nicknamed JA Hiroshima Fruit Federation: Headquarters location, Chukai Nakamachi, Takehara City, Hiroshima Prefecture, Cardboard Factory, Chukai Tokuura, Takehara City, Hiroshima Prefecture, Tokyo Branch, Tokai, Ota Ward, Tokyo, Ota Market Ninienrennai, Osaka Branch, Noda, Fukushima Ward, Osaka City, 12th floor of Osaka Central Wholesale Market Business Administration Building, Nichienrennai, Hiroshima Branch, Kusatsu Port, Nishi Ward, Hiroshima City, Central Wholesale Market, Hiroshima City) After being established as the Federation of Sales Agricultural Cooperatives, the name was changed to the current name in 1956. The business content has also changed from a sales-centered federation to a federation that provides guidance in both production and sales, and it seems that it has played a leading role in fruit tree producing areas in the prefecture together with the member unions to this day. In 1964, the association reorganized from a non-investment federation to an investment federation and established a directly managed cardboard factory in order to smoothly carry out integrated business with members based on union members. It seems that they tried to unify the shipping standards by supplying shipping containers that were switched from boxes to cardboard. Then, in 1966, a freezing factory (food department) was established in response to the rapid increase in mandarin orange production, and in 1972, the factory was separated as Hiroshima Corp., and it seems that it is processing food as a cooperative company. Recently, the environment surrounding distribution and consumption has changed drastically, and the wave of internationalization is rushing in, forcing us to respond to the production and distribution of fruits and vegetables that can be sold in production areas. The association will continue to play an active role by making the best use of its function as a professional association to deal with these situations. JA Mihara covers Mihara City (excluding Daiwa Town), Takehara City, and Setoda Town, Onomichi City. It seems that agricultural and livestock products that take advantage of the unique climate are being produced. The JA jurisdiction is blessed with a warm climate in Setoda, and it grows from lemons centered on Setoda Town and Allium × proliferum (Allium wakegi: bulbs) that have been cultivated since the beginning of the Meiji era. It is said to be a hybrid of allium, and the root part swells like a bulb, scallions increase, and seeds cannot be produced. Also, I heard that Odo City has the largest shipment volume in Japan in Japan. Cultivation seems to have started from the beginning of the year. In the Kansai region, it seems that there is a habit of eating Wakegi, which grows by splitting, at Doll’s Festival as a lucky charm for the prosperity of descendants.) Boasts the highest production in Japan. It seems that they are working on a wide range of production promotion from rice to citrus fruits and vegetables. From the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries variety registration website, application number, 13718, application date, 2001/08/10, application publication date, 2002/02/13, registration number 12069, registration date 2004/06/04 , 25 years of breeder’s right, extinction date of breeder’s right Name and address of breeder’s registrant, National Research and Development Corporation Agriculture and Food Industry Technology Research Organization (Kannondai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture): Raising registered varieties Name of the person who did it, Mr. Toshio Yoshida, Mr. Hirohisa Nekaku, Mr. Terutaka Yoshioka, Mrs. Mutsuko Nonomura, Mr. Yuji Ito, Mr. Shoji Murase, Mr. Fumitaka Takishita, No designated country for export. This variety was cultivated by crossing “Wase Miyagawa” with “E-647” (“Kiyomi” × “Oseora”). It is a citrus fruit that matures in early December in the orange growing area (Shizuoka City, Shizuoka Prefecture). The shape of the tree is medium, the size of the tree is a little small, and the tree vigor is medium. The thickness of the shoots is thick, the internode length is medium, and the thorns of the shoots are many. The shape of the leaf blade is spindle-shaped, the degree of wavyness is a little weak, the size is small, the leaf height is medium, the leaf blade width is narrow, and the sharpness of the net vein is a little clear. The shape of the wing leaf is trace, and the length and thickness of the petiole are medium. The formation of inflorescences is solitary, the weight of flowers (flower buds) is light, the shape of petals is spindle-shaped, the length is short, the width is wide, the color is white, the number is 5, the degree of separation of pollen is separated, There is no pollen. Fruit shape is oblate, fruit shape index is slightly large, fruit top shape is flat, presence or absence of radial groove is not clear, presence or absence of concave ring is unclear, fruit stem shape is tangent plane, some radial groove Is inside. The fruit is empty, the size is large, the weight of the fruit is a little heavy, the color of the pericarp is orange, the size of the oil vesicles is medium, the density is dense, the unevenness is concave, and the rough surface of the fruit is a little rough. The slip, the thickness of the pericarp and the percentage of the pericarp are medium, and the difficulty of peeling is easy. The hardness of the sac is soft, the shape of the sac is short, the size is medium, and the color is orange. The juice is slightly high, the sweetness is low, the acidity is low, the aroma is medium, the number of seeds is small, and the number of embryos is single embryo. The germination period is a little late, the flowering period is a little early, the maturity period is quite early, and it is early December in the growing area. Biennial bearing is medium, the occurrence of floating fruit is small, the occurrence of cracking is absent, and the storability is short. Compared to “Kiyomi Orange”, the fruit is empty and the peeling is easy. Compared to “Oseora Orange”, the fruit is heavier and the color of the peel is orange. It is said that distinction is recognized by such. A strain grown by NARO in 1990 at the Fruit Tree Experiment Station Okitsu Branch (currently Citrus Club Okitsu) by crossing “Wase Miyagawa” with E-647. In 1992, he was in high contact with Satsuma mandarin, and in 1995, he first set fruit and was selected for the first time. Since April 1996, the 8th citrus line adaptability / characteristic test has been conducted, and it seems that an agreement has been reached that it is suitable as a new variety candidate. The fruits are oblate and average 180g inside and outside. The pericarp is orange, 4 mm thick inside and outside, and although it is a little thick as a mandarin orange type, it is soft and it seems that peeling is easy. The fruit is a little smooth and he seems to be fully colored from early to mid December. Floating skin rarely occurs. The flesh is orange and relatively soft, and the amount of juice seems to be a little large. The membrane is relatively thin and soft, so it is easy to eat. The sugar content of the fruit juice is relatively low at 10% inside and outside, but the acid reduction is quick, and it has an orange-like flavor and the taste is good. The maturity period is early December throughout the year, and it is usually as early as Wenzhou, and can be harvested and shipped within the year. Since the anthers are degenerated and there is no pollen, it seems that they will be non-nucleated unless pollen of other varieties is applied. The tree vigor is moderate, and the appearance of the tree is between upright and open. The shoots are thick, short and dense. There are many thorns, but they are getting shorter, and it seems that they will not grow if the tree vigor settles down. It has good fruiting and is fairly strong against Elsinoë fawcettii Bitancourt et Jenkins(The first onset of spring leaves seems to be accelerated from the germination stage to mid-April when there is a lot of rainfall and the low temperature continues due to lack of sunshine. The amount of occurrence is the correlation with the number of rainy days from the time of germination of the citrus to April 15th, the amount of rainfall and the sunshine time, and the average temperature from April 1st to 20th or the average temperature from April 1st to 20th. , There seems to be a correlation with precipitation. It seems that the onset of illness increases when there is rainfall (which occurs frequently when there is a lot of rain) and then the humid conditions continue for 12 to 15 hours or more. It seems that it overwinters with lesions on old leaves and is transmitted from the germination stage to every rainfall. It occurs frequently when the temperature is low and the number of rainfalls is high. Spring leaf lesions seem to be an important source of fruit transmission. Since a large amount of spores are formed on the lesions of spring leaves, it seems that they often occur in fruits even if they occur less in spring leaves. The sensitivity of the fruit is highest after the valve is dropped, and it becomes less likely to develop the disease as it grows larger. It seems that it occurs frequently in humid gardens such as dense plantations and valleys.), but appears to be somewhat susceptible to Xanthomonas citri subsp. Citri.(Due to bacterial diseases, there are few effective drugs, and control using drugs is not sufficient, so we thoroughly implement windbreak measures and remove transmission sources. It seems that it is essential to maintain windbreak fences and windbreak nets in windy gardens. Thorough pruning of diseased branches and leaves during pruning. For summer and autumn treetops, citrus leaf miner: Phyllocnistis citrella (Stainton) (body length about 3 mm, body covered with silvery white scales. Eggs should be laid (egg diameter 0.3 mm) along the veins of undeveloped leaves. However, it seems that it lays eggs on fruits very rarely. It seems that the damage is great on young and young trees because adult worms lay eggs on new leaves and larvae prefer to eat the mesophyll of new leaves. The affected leaves atrophy and become malformed, which seems to adversely affect the growth of the tree. Damage to summer leaves causes disease. It seems that the number of occurrences per year is thought to be 8 to 10 times in warm regions. Is the growing season of summer and autumn treetops, and it seems that the more summer and autumn treetops occur, the greater the amount.) Thoroughly remove the diseased branches and remove the diseased branches. It is essential not to let the spring leaves develop the disease in order to prevent the onset of fruit, and it is thoroughly sprayed from 1 month before germination to the end of the spring leaf exhibition. It is too late to spray after the fruit becomes ill. The residual effect period of the drug is about 30 days for Bordeaux mixture (cumulative rainfall of 200 mm) and about 20 days for copper wettable powder (150 mm). If a typhoon is expected to hit, spraying after the hit is less effective, so spray 2 to 7 days before the hit. In the new plantation, we do not bring in diseased seedlings and thoroughly exterminate them.)Occurrence of system pitting due to citrus tristeza virus is mild. The fruits are tasty and easy to eat, but the sugar content of the juice is relatively low and the taste tends to be pale, so it seems to be suitable for cultivation in areas where there is little rainfall in the fall in the citrus growing area. Cultivation in places where soil moisture tends to increase, such as paddy field conversion gardens, should be avoided as much as possible. Cultivation is said to be good under conditions that control soil moisture in the summer and autumn and put moisture stress on the trees. Onomichi has a good natural harbor. The first year of Kao in the Heian period (1169): Funatsukura site officially recognized by Bingo-Ota no Villa (later Koyasan territory): Since becoming a shipping port for manor rice : Japan-ming trade ship and Western-route shipping : These prospered throughout the Middle Ages and the early modern period. The development as a port town and a commercial city gave birth to wealthy merchants in each era. Many of these were donated to shrines and temples. A landscape that condenses history : Stairs and slopes overlooking the sea. Onomichi water seen through the alley, scattered temples, etc. Mr. Naoya Shiga who wrote the draft of “A Dark Night’s Passing” : He published the first half of the two-part novel, “A Dark Night’s Passing,” in 1921 : In 1937, he published the second half of “A Dark Night’s Passing,” completing it : The author’s only full-length novel, “A Dark Night’s Passing” (1921-1937), is considered one of the most important works of Modern Japanese Literature ; Shohei OHKA, a novelist, praised it as the highest achievement of modern literature. Mrs. Fumiko HAYASHI(Onomichi Municipal a girls’ high school ; Hiroshima Prefectural Onomichihigashi High School)from “A Wanderer’s Notebook” : Ms.Hayashi Fumiko, born in present-day Moji-ku, Kitakyushu City, is famous for her excellent works, including the autobiographical novel Horoki (A Wanderer’s Notebook), which was adapted for a play long performed around the country. Mr. wasaku KOBAYASHI who loved this place and continued to draw : Received the Minister of Education Award for Art Selection in 1953. Many literary men and women are making footprints. In recent years, it has become the setting for numerous video works and is famous as a movie town. In 1898, the city system was enforced second only to Hiroshima City in the prefecture. Expanded the city area through merger with surrounding municipalities. From the lush northern hills to the area around Onomichi Channel : A town with a variety of resources, extending to the Seto Inland Sea region, which has a unique Archipelago. New attractions such as ‘Shimanami Sea Route’ : It connects islands full of history and culture:Enjoy the sea load of about 70 km in total length by cycling(Connecting the cities of Onomichi in Hiroshima Prefecture and Imabari in Ehime Prefecture, the seventy-kilometer cycling route-which takes cyclists across six islands along the Seto Inland Sea-is attracting intense interest from overseas tourists). Promote town development with unique and attractive value.Located almost in the center : A city with great expectations for its development as “Setouchi Crossroads”. Approximately 600 km west of Tokyo and approximately 200 km west of Osaka. A warm port town located in the eastern part of Hiroshima Prefecture. Prosper as a “Setouchi crossroads” that connects Kinki and Kyushu, and Sanin and Shikoku. It still occupies an important position as a transportation hub.Onomichi is a long and narrow town about 20 km east-west and about 35 km north-south. Jodo‐shin sect Honganji sect (of Shin Buddhism) Kosanji Temple(Former businessman Mr. KOZO Kosanji(Mr.Fukumatsu Kanemoto): The ritual called “Ho-onko” for expressing the feeling of gratitude to Shinran takes place on the date of his death annually. Built with a feeling for the benevolent mother : Setoda Town, Onomichi City, Hiroshima Prefecture) – Seated Statue of Hokan Amida Nyorai (coroneted Amitabha Tathagata) (1201), Izusan Jogyo-do old warehouse, Important Cultural Property. The urban area and the area where the countryside spreads can be roughly divided into two. There’s another portrait of Takauji ASIKAGA preserved in Jodoji Temple in Onomichi City, Hiroshima Prefecture : Jodoji Temple Pagoda (Onomichi City, Hiroshima Prefecture), Important Cultural Property. Shiranui Orange : Sumo Mandarin : You have to give a lot of nutrition, and you need to irrigate and fertilize well when the flowers bloom and become young. Born in 1972 in Minamishimabara (Kuchinotsu), Nagasaki. It is famous as a fruit born by crossing “Kiyomi Orange(Citrus unshiu ✕ Sinensis)” and “Ponkan(Nakano No.3 : Citrus reticulata var poonensis (Hayata) H.H. Hu)”. After ripening well on the tree, store for half a month to a month. It seems that the sourness will be removed and the sweetness will increase. Cultivation of Citrus Unshiu, which uses less water to increase sugar content, requires a slightly different cultivation method.Producers encourage special agricultural products of lime(Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle). As a travel pesticide targeted for saving, it decreased by 80% here. Chemical fertilizer (Nitrogen component) also decreased by 80% compared to the local area. The jurisdiction is the West Kyushu Production Association (Citrus Subcommittee). In the greenhouse, water management and nutrient management are thoroughly carried out, and it is carefully calculated so that it will be tasty. On May 26, 2020, JA Mihara of Hiroshima Prefecture signed an agreement with JR West Okayama Branch to promote the area of Setoda Town, Onomichi City. The signing ceremony was held in the lemon field of the town, and the JA’s Mr. Tsunemasa Nishihara(at that time) and JR West’s Mr. Yasuhiro Arita(at that time)Okayama branch president signed the agreement. Recruitment from October 25, 2021. Onomichi Co., Ltd. (Headquarters: Shibuya Ward, Tokyo, with local people) operates a matching site “Onomichi” that creates a population related to the region by taking advantage of seasonal and short-term labor shortages in the region. The concept that we think that we want to visit the area over and over again because we like the people in the area because we meet each other will increase the value of our experience). In collaboration with the project, by matching “citrus farmers suffering from labor shortages during the busy farming season”, “guesthouses during the off-season of tourism” and “young people who are interested in the region and agriculture” in the Setoda area of Onomichi City, agriculture and tourism It seems that they are working on a model that solves the regional issues of both sides.


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Wase-based midpoint late-ripening citrus (e.g. pomelo) shipped for Year-end gifts and year-end demand. Recently, it is called the Marudori method (a technology that combines a “mulch coating” that covers a mandarin orange garden with a sheet and a drip can drip that gives liquid fertilizer to the soil little by little like a drip). The technology to lay a sheet and drain the water during the summer to make delicious fruits has been developed, and HAREHIME oranges with a sugar content of 13% or more is available for purchase. The name comes from “Harehime,” which becomes a sweet and fragrant fruit as the sunny weather continues from summer to autumn.


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It seems that Hiroshima Prefecture has created its own mandarin orange cultivation calendar and mandarin orange control calendar, and is providing guidance to producers. We collect, sort, and ship at 7 fruit sorting plants in JA in the prefecture. In order to prevent product loss such as spoilage, it seems that JA / technicians are holding a handling briefing session. The climate of the Seto Inland Sea, which is warm and has little rain, is suitable for mandarin orange cultivation, and is widespread mainly in the coastal areas of Hiroshima Prefecture and minor islands. The sales period is about half a year from October to March every year, and it seems that it can be handled by a variety relay.


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The fruits are tasty and easy to eat, but the sugar content of the juice is relatively low and the taste tends to be pale, so it seems to be suitable for cultivation in areas where there is little rainfall in the fall in the citrus growing area. I heard that it is better to avoid cultivation in places where soil moisture tends to increase, such as paddy field conversion gardens. It seems desirable to cultivate under conditions that control soil moisture in the summer and autumn and put moisture stress on the trees.

Taking advantage of the soil, he worked on crop rotation using the dry paddy field of paddy rice, and started cultivating BETA vulgaris, which has been introduced since 1870. Incorporating Chenopodiaceae sophomore herb into crop rotations has improved management stability.

【Product name】

ONION

【Type】

Allium cepa L.

【Within the jurisdiction】

Iwamizawa City, Hokkaido, Mikasa City (JA Iwamizawa)

【Origin of name】

In Japan, the ancient Chinese “蔥头: Allium cepa” was read as “onion”. It is attached from the scallion of the “بَصَل” sphere. The Latin word “union” is the English name for onions.

【Major features】

Prolonged corona sickness (The spread of vaccination is wonderful, but the government is about to take concrete measures. Children and students who cannot go out, learning motivation, adults’ frequent economic situation, job change support, etc. A society where corona coexists If not launched early, an unusually large number of people will choose to commit suicide due to stress-induced depression and withdrawal from the competition for survival over epidemic deaths. I would like to ask for a wide range of support measures, not just in some industries.) The restaurant industry in Hokkaido has been greatly affected by shortened business hours and refraining from providing alcohol. I heard that many businesses in Sapporo have introduced kitchen cars not only to make it possible to take out regular menus at stores, but also to cover the number of visitors to stores that have decreased due to the corona damage. Amidst a wide range of food trucks such as curry, Hokkaido Style Deep-fried Chicken, and Fish shaped cake with filling inside, the Clean House Group (Iwamizawa City) was launched in April 2021 in Nopporo Town, Ebetsu City as a new pillar of food and drink after ramen. It seems that the “kitchen car Mibi grilled chicken” that opened in the industry is attracting attention from inside and outside the industry. JA Iwamizawa merged 5JA such as former JA Iwamizawa City in 1993, covering the northeastern part of Sapporo City, Iwamizawa City in the central part of Ishikari Plain, Mikasa City, etc. (JA Kurisawa(Yamu o Nai)Town merged in 2001) Established. The area within the JA jurisdiction is the middle reaches of the Ishikari River, a paddy field that represents Hokkaido, and rice is the largest agricultural product. Due to the conversion of paddy fields in the 1970s, the production of onions and other horticultural items has become popular. Onions are the second largest agricultural product after rice. Cost and shipping lot are the main factors in selecting onion transportation means at JA. Transportation costs are the number one factor in choosing a means of transportation. However, since the transportation companies also set prices while looking at the situation of competing other industries, it seems that there will be no significant price difference between trucks and railroads. It seems that the means of transportation that are superior in terms of price differ depending on the destination. Generally, it is said that the longer the distance, the higher the price advantage of the railway, and although it depends on the size of the truck, the turning point is about 300 to 500 km. However, in reality, various factors affect the cost, so it seems that it is not possible to compare superiority or inferiority only by distance. Rail transportation does not mean that the entire process from the production area to the market is transported by rail, but by truck from the production area to the nearest freight station and from the nearest freight station in the wholesale market. The transportation cost in this case is greatly affected by the transportation distance by truck, and it seems that the shorter the distance, the lower the cost. It seems that the same thing can be said for truck transportation. Even when transporting from Hokkaido to prefectures, you can take a ferry at a port in Hokkaido and arrive at a port somewhere in the prefecture, so it seems that trucks are not running the entire process. It seems that the transportation cost greatly depends on the transportation distance by truck to the port of loading and the port of loading and unloading. In addition, it seems that the price advantage of rail transportation will increase for transportation to the wholesale market near the freight station, and the price advantage of truck transportation will increase for transportation to the wholesale market near the port of loading and unloading. In the west of Kinki, only Tsuruga has regular ferry services that are easy to use from Hokkaido, so the distance from the port to the wholesale market will be longer, and rail transportation will be advantageous. Also in Hokkaido, Iwamizawa, which is close to Tomakomai, which is the main shipping port, has a high relative advantage of truck transportation, and in the Kitami area and Furano area, which are far from Tomakomai, the relative advantage of rail transportation seems to increase. Another factor that influences the choice of transportation method is the size of the lot for each shipping destination. It seems that the main body of truck transportation is a 20-ton trailer with a large load capacity. This is because the larger the load capacity, the lower the transportation cost. In other words, a truck with a small load capacity has a cost disadvantage. Therefore, for shipping destinations where the amount of one shipment is less than 20 tons, it is necessary to take measures such as mixed loading and unloading at multiple locations, which seems to reduce efficiency and raise costs. On the other hand, in rail transportation, 5 ton containers are the main products, so if there is a shipment volume of 5 tons or more, the cost will not change much. Therefore, it seems that the price advantage of rail transportation will increase when shipping to the wholesale market, which cannot accept onions of more than 20 tons per day. As of 2015, it goes without saying that Hokkaido is the main production area that produces about 60% of Japan’s onions. Among them, the Sorachi area(The total area is about 5792 km2, and the location is between Sapporo and Asahikawa. Near New Chitose Airport.)centered on the JA Iwamizawa area is the third onion producing area after the Kitami area and Furano area. About 10 years ago, in 2012, the JA’s onion production status was 205 houses, a planted area of 1241 hectares, and a production volume of 32,214 tons. The crop was poor in 2012, and the annual production in recent years has been around 30,000 to 40,000 tons. Harvesting of onions begins in August, is stored in the JA warehouse, sorted and prepared at the fruit sorting plant, and shipped until mid-April the following year. 90% of the JA onions were shipped outside Hokkaido under the brand name “Maruiwa: ○いわ”. Of these, Tohoku and Kanto occupy 60 to 70%, and the rest seems to be west. All shipments are through the wholesale market, and it seems that there are 15 to 20 markets. However, in some shipments to processors, the quantity is sent directly to the actual consumer. The basic packaging is a 20 kg cardboard box, some of which are 5 kg and 10 kg of cardboard boxes, and some of which are shipped online for processing. Regarding the modal shift from truck transportation to rail container transportation, which has been promoted in the midst of the need to respond to international environmental problems (global warming), which has been said and debated recently, so far. Although it has not progressed easily, it is necessary to tackle it in earnest due to the recent rise in fuel prices and the shortage of drivers. A modal shift(It refers to switching freight transportation carried out by automobiles such as trucks to transportation means with a lower environmental load. Railways and ships are the main means of transportation with low environmental impact. Shifting what was previously carried by truck to be carried by rail or ship. Rail transport has played a major role in postwar reconstruction and high economic growth, but in the latter half of the 1960s, rail transport gradually slowed down due to the progress of motorization and the influence of the Japanese National Railways strike. Most of the transportation by truck has come to be carried out. However, it is said to be useful not only for CO2 reduction but also for solving problems in the logistics industry. However, although it is an expected initiative, there are many situations where it is difficult to proceed. Specifically, the environmental load is reduced by shifting some sections during long-distance transportation from trucks with high CO2 emissions to railways and ships with low CO2 emissions. It appeared in the 1980s as an energy saving measure, and in 1991, the Ministry of Transport (currently the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism) recommended that it be promoted as a measure against labor shortages in the logistics industry. Then, in 1997, a joint meeting of the relevant councils on domestic measures against global warming decided to raise the modal shift rate from 40% to 50% by 2010. However, it did not progress as expected, and it seems that the figures have not been released since 2006. In recent years, it has been attracting attention from the perspective of SDGs. In addition, since the moving distance of the truck is shortened, efficient transportation becomes possible. This is one of the useful measures in the logistics industry, which has a problem of driver shortage. Joint Session of the Joint Session of the United States Council on Domestic Countermeasures against Global Warming (7th) Summary, Date: March 15, 1999 (Monday) 8: 00-10: 00 2. Place: Prime Minister’s Office 3. Attendees: (Committee) Chairman Jiro Kondo, Deputy Chairman Yoichi Kaya, Hiroshi Araki, Takashi Imai, Keiko Kiyohara, Mitsuo Kono, Keihiko Sasaki, Takamitsu Sawa, Takeo Shiina, Ikuro Takagi, Hideo Nakamura, Yo Matsuo, Koichi Mizuguchi, Mori Akio Shima, Hatsuko Yoshioka (Government side) Deputy Chief Cabinet Secretary Furukawa, Deputy Chief Cabinet Secretary Takeshima, etc. Excerpt: The Kyoto Protocol adopted at the Kyoto Conference on Global Warming Prevention in December 1997 set a strict goal of reducing Japan by 6%. In response to this, in June 1998, the Global Warming Countermeasures Promotion Headquarters urgently decided on promotion measures as the Global Warming Countermeasures Promotion Charter toward 2010, and while ensuring close cooperation with the relevant ministries and agencies, We are working to promote concrete and effective measures. Internationally, at the Buenos Aires (Argentina) conference in November last year, an action plan was formulated that set the work schedule for future international negotiations, and movements are underway toward the steady implementation of the Kyoto Protocol. For Japan, it will be a tough challenge to further improve the energy efficiency, which is already at the highest level in the world, and to make a major overhaul of the conventional lifestyle. I think I have to. The Global Warming Countermeasures Promotion Law and the revised Energy Conservation Law are scheduled to come into effect next month. National discussions are also underway at the “National Conference on Global Warm Environment and Daylight Saving Time,” which the relevant ministries and agencies have been working on in cooperation. In addition, various efforts are being made by related ministries and agencies based on the Global Warming Countermeasures Promotion Charter. From the general public’s point of view, it is ideologically understood that the international importance of global warming is important or that it is very important for the environment in which we live on the earth to continue for a long time to our descendants. From the actual feeling of life, we have to recognize that our lives are really living and lifestyles that go against energy saving and environmental protection. The most important initiative is to review lifestyles, and unless each of us citizens reconsider their own way of life, it is effective that each ministry and agency cooperates with each private sector or organization. I feel I don’t have it. It is said that they will work on the introduction of daylight saving time in a positive direction, but I think that this kind of thing is quite effective for the people as a shock therapy. Whether or not it will really be a countermeasure against global warming may not have a significant effect even if daylight saving time is introduced, but it may be an opportunity for the people to tackle it as their own problem. Regarding “telework”, we are making experimental efforts in the academic research city of Kansai, but it is a very big theme that the way of working must change in order to change the way of living. We will change the way we work so that we will not work unless we experience long commuting hours. If the way of working changes, the way of living also changes. If you start working at home, you will be able to curb your spending without wasting energy as you are now, and you will be re-questioning the meaning of actually working and living. It is also important that daylight saving time and telework provide many opportunities for each of us to review our lifestyle. A study group has been set up within the Forestry Agency to discuss global warming. Also, in the report on the basic direction of forest administration issued by the Mr. Hayashi Political Council two years ago, the idea centered on the wide-area function of forests is set out. These points are well incorporated into the Global Warming Countermeasures Promotion Charter. It seems that a positive understanding of the role of forests in the prevention of global warming has been obtained. There is an idea that forest resources should be resource-saving, but even if they are used, they should be accumulated. For example, in the case of a house, if wood resources are accumulated in the form of a house, carbon will not be emitted. The concept of accumulation that the resources created are accumulated at the same time that the forest actually grows and absorbs carbon is very important. We must consider measures for accumulation and social systems. Regarding tree planting, there are domestic tree planting and overseas tree planting, but in domestic tree planting, it is important to plant trees on flat ground at the same time as planting trees in the mountains. For example, road fences used to be planted with trees. It may be argued that planting trees on level ground can increase absorption by 0.1%, but it also has positive technical and methodical implications. To that end, cooperation between the Ministry of Construction and the Forestry Agency is extremely important. The idea of biomass power generation is also important. This is specifically implemented in Sweden and other countries, and has a kind of side effect of increasing employment and using unused resources. However, since the scale is not large, it is important to cooperate with related ministries and agencies including local governments. COP3 (The 3rd Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Climate Change Conference was held in December 1997 at the Kyoto International Conference Center in Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan, and mainly formed an international consensus on greenhouse gas emission regulations. Before the purpose of the international conference), discussions focused on the demand side and reduction measures, but I am grateful that the supply side perspective has been incorporated this time. The most important thing is how to cherish the location of the power supply. There are many discussions that the location of power sources is sacrificed to urban and consumers, and the current situation is that they are receiving opposition from local residents. On the other hand, in the city, he is indifferent to the location of power sources. In particular, there are strong expectations for infrastructure development, and there are very strong expectations for roads, ports, and even railways. It is difficult for the business operator or the Ministry of International Trade and Industry to solve the problem, and the Ministry of Transport has taken measures according to the Three Power Supply Laws. The “Environmental Agency DATA” shows changes in CO2 emissions only until 1996. Is this statistic officially released as a government agency statistic, or is it a figure estimated by the Environment Agency? There was a considerable gap between the figures from the Energy Metrics and Analysis Center of the Institute of Energy Economics and this. It feels like it’s getting a little closer recently, but it’s a problem if we don’t know if we’ve actually achieved it in the future, especially in 2012, until two years have passed. How much breaking news can be secured in the future? How do you make this official? How much should we read about the expansion and new construction of nuclear power plants in the materials of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry by 2010? Also, regarding the Ministry of Transport, “modal shift”, especially the shift of freight from trucks to railroads, is very important, but what are the measures to promote it? The current situation is that the total is delayed because the statistics of each ministry of the Environment Agency are added up. etc.)to switch from trucks to a transportation system centered on mass transportation means such as railroads for the purpose of reducing the environmental burden has been a long-standing issue in Japan’s logistics system. The same is true for the transportation of vegetables, which has relied heavily on truck transportation. There may be little objection to the modal shift as a general remark at that time, but it seems that the modal shift has not progressed slowly because there are various problems to be solved in order to actually proceed. However, truck transportation, which has become the main logistics entity in Japan, is in a difficult situation due to soaring fuel prices and a serious shortage of drivers, and modal shift is a more realistic issue. It has become. This is an unavoidable issue, especially in remote vegetable-producing areas where the transportation distance to the consumption area is long. The JA has traditionally transported a certain amount by rail, but it seems that it is increasing the ratio of rail transport by using a national subsidy project in FY2013. From a social point of view, the biggest factor that requires a modal shift is environmental problems. Global warming is one of the serious problems on a global scale, and the reduction of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide is an unavoidable issue in Japan as well. The transportation sector accounts for 20% of the carbon dioxide emissions in Japan, of which about 40% seems to be freight transportation. In other words, freight transportation accounts for 8% of Japan’s total carbon dioxide emissions, and the transportation sector is one of the important sectors for reducing carbon dioxide emissions. In the freight transportation sector, 85.8% of energy consumption comes from truck transportation. This is because Japan’s freight transportation is overwhelmingly dependent on truck transportation, and truck transportation is an energy-intensive means of transportation. Comparing the carbon dioxide emissions per unit transportation volume by transportation means, trucks are about eight times as large as railways and about four times as large as ships, and are transportation means with high carbon dioxide emissions. Truck transportation has accounted for a large proportion of Japan’s logistics so far, and in order to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the transportation sector, it is a challenge to reduce the ratio of truck transportation and switch to railroads and ships. Will be. Reducing the environmental burden is an issue that should be tackled by the whole country as a social issue, but it is difficult for individual businesses to proceed to the point where management efficiency such as cost is greatly impaired. That is one of the reasons why modal shift has not progressed so far. However, even from a management perspective, there is a situation in which shippers should consider modal shift. First, the cost of truck transportation has risen due to soaring fuel prices. Crude oil prices have been declining since the end of 2014, but it is undeniable that they may remain at a high level as a long-term trend. In 2014, truck transportation costs are expected to rise by about 20 to 30%. Under the market conditions surrounding vegetables in recent years, it is not easy to pass on the increase in costs to prices, so the increase in transportation costs is particularly serious for remote production areas where transportation costs account for a large proportion. Secondly, it is becoming difficult to secure as many trucks as needed due to a shortage of drivers. It was also predicted that there will be a shortage of more than 100,000 truck drivers in Japan as a whole in 2020. One of the causes of the shortage of truck drivers is harsh working conditions such as late-night work and long hours of restraint (the work style reform-related law that came into effect in April 2019, and one of the highlights of the law revision is overtime work. Upper limit regulation. For some occupations including the driver industry, a five-year grace period was given due to special business circumstances, but from April 1, 2024, overtime hours in the transportation industry are 960 hours per year. Upper limit. Upper limit of overtime work (excluding holiday work) Principle, 45 hours per month, 360 hours per year, 45 hours per month can be exceeded up to 6 months per year. Overtime work: 720 hours or less per year, overtime work + holiday work: less than 100 hours per month, average of 80 hours or less for 2 to 6 months). At that time, the absolute number was on a downward trend due to the economic recovery. In addition, it seems that the penal provisions for violations of laws and regulations of carriers have been strengthened due to the frequent occurrence of serious accidents caused by trucks and buses due to illegal operation management. Overloading and long-term continuous operation of drivers are no longer allowed, and the number of trucks and drivers required for the same cargo volume has increased accordingly. As a problem before transportation costs, it is beginning to be feared that if we rely on truck transportation, we may not be able to transport vegetables to the consumption area. It is difficult to secure truck transportation for Japan’s logistics as a whole, but it is even more difficult for vegetables due to the characteristics of the logistics. First, pallets are rarely used for vegetables, and loading and unloading are manual tasks, which increases the burden. Secondly, in many vegetable producing areas, shipments are seasonal and it is not possible to secure a stable cargo throughout the year. Thirdly, the fact that the wholesale market often asks for delivery at midnight is also a factor that is disliked in terms of improving the working conditions of drivers. Until now, truck transportation has been accompanied by a high environmental load while relying on low fuel prices and overwork. Reducing the environmental burden has become a global issue, and the conditions for both low fuel prices and overwork are being lost. The sustainability of truck transportation is swaying, and modal shift is an issue that should be considered in earnest not only from the viewpoint of environmental issues but also from the management side of vegetable producing areas. Onions harvested by farmers are collected and stored in JA’s warehouse. It seems that they are sorted and boxed at a joint fruit sorting facility every day based on the shipping plan. It seems that the boxed onions will be loaded into a container for transportation at the joint fruit sorting facility. So far, there seems to be no difference in truck transportation. Empty containers are always carried in as the return cargo of trucks that carry shipments, and a certain amount is always available at the joint fruit sorting facility. The container loaded with onions seems to be transported by truck to the cargo terminal station in Sapporo. There used to be a freight station in Iwamizawa, but it seems that it is now abolished. Modal shift is easy to tackle for items that are storable, such as onions, and have a low risk of quality deterioration such as deterioration of freshness during the transportation process. Compared to that, modal shift with fresh vegetables such as lettuce and cucumber requires consideration for keeping freshness. Appropriate measures such as stable securing of cold storage containers are required. The location of the production area and market, and the transportation lot do not affect the management effect of modal shift. In general, the longer the distance, the higher the price advantage of rail transportation over truck transportation. However, since the transportation cost is affected not only by the distance but also by factors such as the distance from the freight station and the ferry port, it is necessary to consider the total transportation cost. As far as transportation from Hokkaido to the outside of Hokkaido is concerned, it is necessary to consider the limit of railway transportation capacity. Under the current freight train operation status, the additional transportation capacity is not large. There are 20 regular freight trains a day from Hokkaido to the outside of Hokkaido, but it seems that the maximum number of freight trains that can pass through the Seikan Tunnel is 23 a day. In addition, the maximum number of vehicles that can be connected to one flight is 20. There is also a limit to the newly increased transportation capacity. At present, it is practically difficult to switch all vegetables from Hokkaido to rail transportation. After preparing conditions for using transportation means that take the environmental load into consideration, the actual transportation method should be selected in consideration of the merits and demerits of the item and shipping destination, etc., and the ratio of truck transportation should be reduced as a whole to reduce the environmental load. It seems important to raise the ratio of excellent rail transportation in terms of health and safety. Yanmar Agri Japan Co., Ltd. (Headquarters location: Tsuruno Town, Kita Ward, Osaka, Umeda Gate Tower, Established: January 1, 2014) and JA Iwamizawa, Kagome Co., Ltd. (Founded 1899, Established 1949, Headquarters location: On September 2, 2021, Nishiki, Naka Ward, Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture, signed a partnership agreement with the aim of promoting the expansion of processing tomato production areas within the JA jurisdiction. It seems that they are aiming to contribute to the promotion and development of regional agriculture by further promoting the expansion of the production area of tomatoes for processing through the cooperation of the three parties. Last fall, the area of tomatoes for domestic processing was 276 hectares, and the production area was mainly in the Kanto region, but it seems that the composition ratio of Tohoku and Hokkaido is expanding year by year. I hear that harvesting is the hardest part of growing tomatoes for processing. Kagome seems to have jointly developed a domestic processing tomato harvester with the Yanmar Group and is promoting mechanical harvesting especially in Hokkaido and Tohoku. Aiming to contribute to the expansion of the production area of processed tomatoes in JA Iwamizawa and the promotion and development of regional agriculture, the area of processed tomatoes in the JA Iwamizawa area will be tripled from 2021 by 2025. It seems that the goal is to expand to 30 hectares. As a means of doing so, we have established a cultivation system tailored to Iwamizawa by utilizing JA Iwamizawa’s agricultural base. By consolidating the production areas, it seems that the operation of harvesters and the efficiency of transportation will be improved. As the roles of the three famous people who support Japanese agriculture, the JA strives to acquire new producers and expand the scale in order to expand the cultivation area in the jurisdiction, and incorporates smart agriculture, irrigation equipment, and Sorachi-type crop rotation system into Iwamizawa. It seems that it will be responsible for establishing cultivation techniques that match the production area base and managing the harvesting and shipping schedules.


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Certified by Hokkaido Clean Agricultural Promotion Association (Chuo Ward, Hokkaido): Sunflower green manure that takes into consideration soil preparation and landscape for compost application and subsequent crops (Sunflower uses insoluble phosphoric acid contained in the soil as the root acid discharged from the roots. It has the function of changing to soluble phosphoric acid and changing it to a property that can be absorbed by crops. Therefore, it is often used in volcanic ash soil and Hokkaido where H3PO4 is difficult to be absorbed due to low temperature. Suitable for green manure before cultivation of onions, fava bean, and pea) Reduced chemical fertilizers by introducing Phosphorus, and reduced the use of pesticides by timely control by predicting the outbreak of pests. Registration number 096-18-12, Registration date February 16, 2004 (2003), Producer group name, Iwamizawa Agricultural Cooperative Tamao Subcommittee, Agricultural Chemical Reduction Group, Collection and shipping management manager, JA Iwamizawa facility management Soil management: compost (onion, rice straw compost) 2t / 10a application, green manure planting (sunflower or wheat), organic (defatted bran) application, organic fertilizer application Do either, The lower limit of the nitrogen equivalent amount of the applied organic matter is 2Kg / 10a. Fertilization management: Appropriate fertilization based on soil diagnosis, control technology, and the use of insecticides, sterilizers, and herbicides to reduce the number of control times to 50% or less of the conventional method. Is based on the usage standard and should be within 15 times.
The number of herbicides should be within 15 times based on the usage standards.


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It was 1871 that onions were cultivated for food for the first time in Japan. It seems to be around the age. Land development bureau, by Kiyotaka KURODA, Yellow Gloves (later Sapporoki ONION) William Penn, an onion seed called Yellow Danvers (later Senshuki ONION), was imported from the United States along with a machine and was cultivated on a trial basis. Brooks begins full-scale cultivation in Motomachi, Sapporo.


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Inheritance is a phenomenon in which traits are transmitted from parent to child by reproduction, and chromosomes are responsible for the expression of genetic information and genes. Normally, there are two chromosomes in pairs, and humans have 46 chromosomes, and it seems that the number of chromosomes varies depending on the organism. The rule that only the dominant trait appears in the table when different information is inherited from the parent is called the dominant law. The dominant gene of the parents is expressed in the offspring. In this case, if the gene R that blooms red flowers predominates, all the offspring will bloom red flowers (to be exact, some white flowers will bloom with a low probability). The law of superiority or inferiority is, for example, crossing two pure line plants with allelomorphs. For example, when a purple flowering plant and a white flowering plant (parental generation) are crossed, all the offspring (first filial generation) will bloom purple flowers. Of the traits of flower color, when distinguishing between purple and white, each is called a trait. In Japanese, it seems that traits are often not distinguished. The first generation born by reproduction in this way is called F1. If you leave offspring after that, the next world is called F2. The F1 species is the opposite of the fixed species, and even if seeds collected from the grown strains are sown and raised, those with the same properties as the parents do not grow. F1 varieties are the most common varieties that have been bred and improved. Many of the varieties have been improved and made, so they are easy to grow, resistant to diseases, and have a good taste. However, even if they are cultivated by self-seeding, they do not grow with the same characteristics as their parents, so it seems that it is necessary to purchase new seeds in order to grow the same varieties every year.