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Wednesday, June 1, 2022

It seems that protecting the varieties of our beloved plants is behind the prohibition of self-propagation (collection) in principle. In addition, in 2018, the number of applications for variety registration in Japan was about 40% of that in China, and from the context of wanting to increase the competitiveness of Japanese agriculture globally in the future, breeder rights are protected by varieties registrants. There seems to be an aim to increase the number. This time, the only crops that are prohibited in principle are those for which "breeder’s rights" are recognized. For varieties for which breeders' rights are not recognized, self-seeding is still possible. In addition, if the variety is not recognized as a breeder's right, it can be cultivated as before and distributed and sold as an agricultural product, and it seems possible to distribute seeds and seedlings regardless of whether they are paid or free. It seems that it does not mean that farmers who have been producing native and fixed seeds have to switch to First Filial Generation Seed (the first generation of hybrids in which different fixed seeds are crossed) due to the modification of the seedling method. For crops that do not have breeder's rights, self-propagation (collection) is possible, so it is up to each producer to adopt them.

Kojiki (Kamiyo, Jindai), Emperor Jinmu: From the first generation to the Emperor Suiko: Kojiki from the first generation to the 33rd generation, Japan's oldest scripture: 712), Nihonshoki (Japanese mythology: Nihonkaibyaku) ) To the latter half of the 7th century: A peach god that appears in Japanese mythology. "OHOKA MUZUMINO MIKOTO" Around the 10th (901 AD-1000 AD: "Honcho Japanese name" "Japanese mythology": apricot (Prunus armeniaca)) century, peach seeds were donated to the emperor from various countries. In the 17th (Education in the Edo period: " Biyo Kokugyo, Tobi Korimura Magazine, Kibi Confidential, Wake Silk, Bizen Kokubi Chugoku Nouchi Uchimonosansho (Okayama Prefecture) century, the number of fruit peaches (Prunus persica: Flowering peach trees) ) has increased and many varieties have been recorded. Momoyama Hills: “Fushimi Inari Taisha”, which was built in the 8th century, is famous. The undulations surrounded by the Uji and Katsura rivers are full of emotion)  Since the Meiji Restoration, many descriptions are posted, so it's an excerpt. Up to that point, I'm in love with peach.

【Product name】
Hikawa Hakuho Greenhouse Peach
【Type】
Amygdalus persica L. 
【Jurisdiction, Production Area】
Fukae Town, Minamishimabara City, Nagasaki Prefecture(Shimabara City, Minamishimabara City, Unzen City; JA Shimabara Unzen, JA Zen-noh Nagasaki)
【Origin of the name】
It was discovered in 1973 by Toshiyuki Tagusagawa of Itchotanaka, Yamanashi City, Yamanashi Prefecture, as a wase sporting variety of "Hakuho Peach", and was registered as a variety in 1981. The Hikawa River is a tributary of the Fuefuki River that flows down the eastern part of the Kofu Basin in Yamanashi Prefecture.
【Major features】
On May 19, 2022, Minamishimabara City, Nagasaki Prefecture will convert the partially completed land (about 41,200 m2) to JA Shimabara Unzen at the "Dozaki Port Landfill" (Arie Town, about 22 hectares) scheduled to be completed in 2025. It seems that they have signed a contract to sell. The price is said to have been about 191 million yen. It is used as a site for collection and shipping facilities. It seems that it was approved at the extraordinary session of the city council on the same day. The landfill is a prefectural project, and construction started in 1997 as a disposal site for earth and sand generated by the eruption of Unzen and Fugendake and the debris flow disaster. So far, it seems that about 1.33 million m3 of earth and sand has been brought in and about 98% has been reclaimed. The total project cost is about 4.1 billion yen, and the city bears about 800 million yen. The city will purchase all the lots. The place of sale to JA is located on the east side facing the sea. It seems that other land will be managed as public property. Regarding the utilization of land, the former Ariecho has formulated a development plan that anticipates various utilizations such as sports and recreation facilities, commercial facilities, and residential land. Due to changes in social conditions such as the declining birthrate and aging population and the shrinking local economy, the city seems to have changed its use to "land for distribution facilities" and "land for business facilities" that are directly linked to industrial promotion. Minamishimabara City has many mountainous areas, and the forest area seems to occupy about 30%. Citizens' expectations for utilization grow in a flat and vast prime location. The city seems to be promoting the attraction of business establishments inside and outside the city based on the introduction of the vitality of the private sector as a "trump card" for the revitalization of the local economy. In the 2022 budget plan, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries has allocated 1,019 million yen for vegetable support measures including this project: horticultural production area development support project that opens up the era. We will openly solicit producer groups that will be the main actors in the near future through prefectures. Demand for processed and commercial vegetables such as cut vegetables is increasing due to the corona damage, but according to the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, it is a well-known fact that about 30% is occupied by imported products. For this reason, it seems that it is aiming to foster production areas that work on large-scale contract cultivation of processed and commercial vegetables while trying to switch to other crops in order to stabilize the supply and demand of rice for main food. JA Shimabara Unzen, which has jurisdiction over the Shimabara Peninsula located in the southeastern part of the prefecture, was established in April 2001 by the merger of 11 agricultural cooperatives. Especially in the Minamigushi area, most of the area is terraced because there are many steep slopes, and while it is difficult to introduce machines, the productivity of lettuce for processing and commercial use can be effectively utilized in the limited fields throughout the area. It seems that they are making efforts to improve quality. Minamigushi (formerly Minamigushiyama Town was located on the Shimabara Peninsula in Nagasaki Prefecture. It used to belong to Minamitakaki District.) In the area, it seems that open-field cultivation is mainly carried out. The reason is that the climate is particularly warm even in the Shimabara Peninsula, so it is necessary to cover the entire ridge with a non-woven fabric or a lawn cloth after sowing seeds or planting seedlings. It seems that the heat retention and moisture retention are improved, the sprouting is well aligned, and the growth tends to be accelerated. Also, the effects of insect proofing, bird proofing, wind proofing, and frost proofing are expected. It seems that it is possible to reduce labor and cost compared to. Traditionally, lettuce has been shipped for fruits and vegetables. Producers seem to have stabilized their income when they started producing lettuce for processing and commercial use. For processing and commercial use, quality and yield are more important than for fruits and vegetables, and in addition, it seems that they cannot be out of stock due to contract cultivation. For this reason, as a measure against shortages, it seems that cultivation management is thorough, such as planting at least three different varieties such as cold-resistant varieties and disease-resistant varieties, and intensive planting in October. Even so, when there is a risk of shortages due to weather conditions, the Minamikushi district lettuce subcommittee will work together to distribute products for market shipment to processing and commercial use in cooperation with local producers. , It seems that they are making efforts to prevent shortages. Until 2015, lettuce was mainly shipped to the Kyushu market in the same JA, but it seems that it has begun to be shipped to the metropolitan area due to the expansion of sales channels by JA Zennoh Nagasaki Prefecture Headquarters. Regarding lettuce production in the Minamikushi area, in recent years, demand for processing and commercial use such as for cup salads at convenience stores has increased, and it seems that shipments are on the rise, along with the market. Nyu Wenzhou (high sugar type) that I can confirm seems to have the genealogy of Ikiriki system Wenzhou, Owari system Wenzhou, Nyu Wenzhou, “Ki no Kuni” Wenshu from the original log. I heard that Aoshima Wenzhou is also a sport of the same Owari system Wenzhou. About Nucellar embryony, which was born from Nyu Wenzhou, it seems to be Nucellar embryony. Ki no Kuni Wenzhou seems to inherit the gene of his mother Nyu Wenzhou as it is. The normal shipping time is from late January to early February, and it is a strain called high sugar content with high fruit sugar content. When harvested at the end of the year and stored until around February, a unique flavor is created. The rich flavor that cannot be tasted with other oranges is popular and popular. JA Shimabara Unzen has three cities, Shimabara City, Unzen City and Minamishimabara City, on the Shimabara Peninsula. The Shimabara Peninsula is blessed with natural conditions such as soil and weather, and has high land productivity and labor productivity. It is an agricultural area. The Shimabara Peninsula is a peninsula located in the southeastern part of Nagasaki Prefecture with a circumference of 138.3 km and an area of ​​459.36 km, and the total area seems to occupy 11.2% of the entire prefecture. It seems to consist of the Unzen mountain range centered on Mt. Fugen (1,359 m), the gentle hills of about 24 km east-west and about 32 km north-south, and the plains along the coast. The distribution of agricultural land is poor on flat land, and cultivated land subdivided by slopes is dispersed. The average annual temperature is as warm as 16 degrees Celsius, and there are frost-free areas along the coast. The annual rainfall is 2,000 mm, and the annual sunshine hours are 2,200 hours, which seems to be blessed with good weather conditions. The total number of households in the jurisdiction is 10,099, of which 28.6% (2,890) are full-time farmers (prefecture ratio 18.9%), type 1 part-time farmers are 1,687 houses, and type 2 part-time farmers are 2,690 houses. The area of ​​cultivated land was 12,500 ha, and the ratio of cultivated land was 27.2%, which was higher than 12.6% of the prefecture as a whole. The breakdown of the cultivated area is that the ratio of upland land is 62.0%, which is higher than 52.5% of the whole prefecture, and it can be said that it is an agricultural area centered on upland farming. The JA broccoli seems to be cultivated mainly in Azuma Town, Unzen City. Azuma Town is blessed with abundant pasture and upland fields along the mountains and paddy fields in the plains, and is blessed with warm and rainy climatic conditions. It is a highly productive area. In recent years, large-scale management of broccoli has been carried out due to the improvement of upland infrastructure, and it seems that broccoli is becoming a production area. Nowadays, it seems that broccoli, which is so close to eating habits that no one knows, did not attract much attention about 50 years ago. Broccoli cultivation in Azuma Town seems to have started in the 1970s. At that time, we worked on cultivating multiple items such as Chinese cabbage, pumpkin, cauliflower, etc., including broccoli, but among them, broccoli, whose price is recovering quickly and is stable, seems to have increased the cultivated area. When the upland infrastructure development project (Yamadahara infrastructure development project) started in 1998, it seems that the development of hills, which had been narrow and poorly productive, was promoted, and the production of broccoli was promoted. In addition, I heard that conventional broccoli cultivation is a cultivation system centered on harvesting from the end of the year to the beginning of the year, and it is difficult to ship from April to October. In particular, in order to introduce spring cultivation (April-May), it was necessary to plant in the cold season (January-February), and it seems that it was necessary to raise seedlings and establish a cultivation method in the low temperature period. After that, as a method of securing the growth temperature, it seems that it succeeded in planting by introducing mulch and solid materials, and made it possible to cultivate in the spring. At that time, the Unzen Broccoli Subcommittee had 38 members and an area of ​​about 125 ha. The average area per house is 3.3 ha, which seems to be a large scale for cultivating items. At the time of its inauguration, many producers seemed to have positioned broccoli as part of their complex management, even though the subcommittee, which has many successors who will be responsible for the future. In addition, it seems that the planned shipment and planned sales were difficult, and it did not lead to sales at a stable price, so it was not an attractive item in agricultural management. For this reason, it seems that JA and the subcommittee have begun to work together to train farmers who specialize in broccoli and make them into production areas. It seems that the key to specialization was “labor saving and scale expansion.” It seems that a mechanized cultivation system was established by introducing cell seedling raising and semi-automatic transplanting machines, and by introducing machines such as ridge partial application machines, molding machines, and mulchers in line with the start of the Yamadahara upland field infrastructure development project. In addition, it seems that long-term shipping has become possible by starting spring cultivation. I have heard from acquaintances that these have made it possible to save labor for farmers by diversifying labor and avoid price risks, leading to stable management. Approximately 12 years ago, in 2001, by switching from vertical packing of 3 kg cardboard to horizontal packing of 6 kg cardboard, it became possible to significantly save labor in shipping adjustment work and further expand the scale. Seems to have advanced. At present, the whole amount is jointly selected by JA, and it seems that the producers have become a cultivation system that concentrates on production and harvesting work. Looking at the results in 2012, the average cultivated area of ​​the top 15 shippers was 5.2 ha (the average of the subcommittee was about 3.3 ha), and it seems that the shipment ratio to the shipment volume of the subcommittee was 80%. Specialization was progressing. Also, for producers other than the top shippers, the ratio of broccoli to individual management is steadily increasing, and it seems that the sales performance of the subcommittee has also increased significantly. The subcommittee is focusing on environmentally friendly broccoli cultivation, and in 2001, all members of the subcommittee were involved in the three technologies of Nagasaki Prefecture Eco Farmer (soil preparation, chemical fertilizer reduction, and chemical synthetic pesticide reduction based on sustainable farming methods). It seems that it has obtained the certification (agricultural person who implements the introduction integrally). In particular, pest control is an issue for year-end and spring cultivation that is planted in the summer, but pheromone traps are installed in the fields, and the use of pesticides is suppressed by timely control by prediction and spraying an appropriate amount of pesticides. In addition, by utilizing solid materials, it seems that measures are being taken to reduce pest damage and prevent bird feeding damage without relying on pesticides. As a measure against continuous cropping obstacles (Plasmodiophora brassicae: Many humps of various sizes are formed at the root. It seems that the whole root may be enlarged. The surface of the hump is white and smooth at first, but it turns brown and becomes rough, and eventually rots. False root-knot nematode is bigger than the hump and seems to have a smooth surface. In the above-ground part, the growth declines and the leaf color becomes pale, and the whole plant wilts on a sunny day. If you get sick early, you tend to die in the middle of growth. In a typical soil infectious disease, this fungus is a so-called absolute parasite that can only grow on the roots of a living host plant by living a parasitic life. The myriad dormant spores formed inside the root hump seem to be able to survive in the soil for several years without activity. The host plant is limited to Brassicaceae. “Japanese white radish” does not occur much, depending on the variety. It occurs violently in all other Brassicaceae crops and is presumed to be a common host. From dormant spores, at appropriate temperature and water, flagella form zoospores around the host root that can freely swim in the free water of the soil, reaching the host root and infecting. After infection, it is expected to proliferate and fill in the epidermal cells of the host root to form dormant spores.), soil preparation and prevention of topsoil runoff, it seems that green manure (Solgo) is planted every year after the broccoli planting is completed. In spring cultivation, biodegradable mulch is used as a measure against waste plastic, and the entire subcommittee is working on the reduction of mulch waste at the end of cultivation. In order to thoroughly implement such efforts for safety and security, we hold a regular meeting once a month and a meeting for each variety, and in terms of sales, we consider selling with the trading market twice a year in autumn / winter and spring. It seems that a meeting is being held. By starting the joint selection of all quantities by JA from 2011, it seems that it was possible to build a system where producers can concentrate on production and to prepare an environment for further scale expansion. The co-selection system seems to have contributed greatly to the improvement of the evaluation of the production area by making the quality uniform in terms of sales. The JA and the subcommittee seem to think that the quality evaluation of broccoli is in freshness. With the motto of freshness and trust in the production area, it seems that they have made efforts to maintain and control the product temperature. It seems that members are using tech mirror sheets (insulation coating sheets) to prevent the temperature from rising from harvest to shipment, including the maintenance of pre-coolers for individual producers. Various freshness-preserving bags have been used for the inner bags of corrugated cardboard, but with the freshness-preserving film “P-Plus” introduced in 2006 using MA packaging technology, the freshness of broccoli has been dramatically improved and sold in remote areas. I have heard that it has become possible, and I feel it. However, in the warm season after April, the occurrence of quality accidents such as yellowing during transportation will not disappear, and we may face a situation where the evaluation in the consumption area is lowered, so in the warm season at that time It seems that quality maintenance measures have become an issue. In order to overcome this situation, it seems that from 2011 to 2012, a low-temperature distribution facility was constructed and an ice machine was introduced by utilizing the national treasury subsidy project. It seems that the quality of broccoli shipped by ice stuffing has improved dramatically compared to any measures taken so far, and it is now possible to deliver it to the consumption area while maintaining its freshness. As a result, not only was it differentiated from other production areas, but it seems that it was possible to further expand sales channels such as contract sales. As of 2012, it seems that it had continued to do business with nine companies, mainly in the Kanto market, including markets in the Kansai and Chugoku regions. It seems that all the subcommittees want to meet the needs of the market and retailers, appeal the freshness, and secure more customers by shipping ice-packed products not only during the warm season but throughout the season. In addition to safety and security efforts, it seems that they are making daily efforts to deliver fresh broccoli to consumption, aiming for zero accidents. The Emperor's Cup, the Prime Minister's Award, and the Japan Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Promotion Association Chairman's Award received the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Award at the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Festival Participation Awards (277 cases) over the past year (August 2018 to June 2019). It was decided from the 466 points that were given. Each award is given to seven categories: agriculture / silk thread category, horticulture category, livestock category, forestry category, fishery category, diversified management category, and murazukuri category. In addition, the Prime Minister's Award and the Japan Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Promotion Association Chairman's Award were awarded for the two points in which women are prominently active. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Festival: Since 1962, co-sponsored by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries and the Japan Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Promotion Association, in order to deepen public awareness of agriculture, forestry and fisheries and food, and to increase the motivation of agriculture, forestry and fisheries workers for technological improvement and management development. It seems to be implemented. The Unzen Broccoli Subcommittee of Unzen City has won the highest award “Emperor's Cup” in the horticultural category of the 58th Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Festival (sponsored by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries). In March 2019, it was selected as the grand prize in the group organization section of the 48th Japan Agricultural Awards (sponsored by the Central Union of Agricultural Cooperatives, etc.), and it seems that it was a feat of receiving consecutive domestic agricultural awards. I hear that the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Festival aims to deepen public awareness of agriculture, forestry and fisheries and food, and to motivate primary industry workers to improve their skills and develop their management. There are seven departments such as horticulture, livestock, and fisheries, and it seems that the Emperor's Cup will be given to the most excellent ones in each department. Since the subcommittee received the Governor's Award at the 2018 Prefectural Agriculture and Forestry Awards, it seems that it applied for the Japan Agriculture Award at the recommendation of the prefecture. He received the grand prize (Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Award) here and is qualified to participate in the 2019 Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Festival. Since 1997, the subcommittee has been working on the development of agricultural land infrastructure and promoting the efficiency of work and the expansion of the cultivation area by introducing large agricultural equipment. It seems that the “Unzen Broccoli” brand has been established in the Tokyo metropolitan area by the shipping method that keeps the freshness by stuffing with ice, and the transaction price in the market is also high and stable. There are many young successors, and it is said that they are enthusiastic about researching varieties suitable for soil and climate. The Shimabara Unsen Agricultural Cooperative, which supports Japanese agriculture, employs specialized staff to hire farmers for the harvesting of open-field vegetables, which is difficult for the employment labor force to handle on the anniversary because the work is concentrated in a short period of time compared to facility vegetables. I've heard that the support has achieved a certain effect. As a method of securing a short-term labor force such as harvesting open-field vegetables, it seems that they have temporarily hired staff and have organized a new farming support corps for about 6 to 7 years. Compared to the working hours of open-field vegetables and the ratio of various working hours to the working hours, the working hours per 10 ares(100 m2 = 1 dam2)are much lower than the working hours of the facility vegetables, but the ratio of harvesting and preparation work to the working hours is the facility. It exceeds the number of vegetables, and the number of working hours is almost half of the working hours. In addition, facility vegetables have a long residence period and require a relatively uniform labor force, so even when seeking an external labor force, it is possible to hire employees on the anniversary of the year, whereas open-field vegetables are available. Since harvesting and preparation work is concentrated at a specific time of the year, it is necessary to hire short-term workers, and it is difficult to attract part-time workers who desire long-term employment. Although the working hours of open-field vegetables are shorter than those of facility vegetables, it seems that they are more susceptible to the decrease in labor force than facility vegetables in that it is difficult to secure a labor force. The jurisdiction has long formed an open-field vegetable production area, but as the scale of farmers is expanding, it seems that labor shortage at the time of harvest has become an issue for open-field vegetables, which are labor-intensive compared to rice cultivation. Under these circumstances, the former JA Shimabara, which had Shimabara City as its jurisdiction, was inspired by the fact that competing local merchants (fruit and vegetable traders) were evaluated by producers for harvesting contracts for potatoes, and about 26 to 7 years ago. It seems that they organized a digging group (harvesting group) to support the harvesting work. Although the area of ​​open-field vegetables has expanded due to the efforts of the digging team, it seems that other JAs on the Shimabara Peninsula have not introduced similar efforts. In 2008, at the request of producers, the JA will utilize a dispatching company to support the labor force at the time of harvesting for several large-scale farmers in spring and autumn crops. It seems that the model project was carried out with its own funds. However, it seems that the workers dispatched from the dispatched labor company have little experience in farming. Therefore, the year after starting the harvest labor support, Furusato Employment Revitalization Special Grant: Supporting efforts to create employment opportunities for local job seekers, etc. based on the actual situation and ingenuity of the region in the severe employment unemployment situation in the region. In order to do so, the national government will issue a special grant for employment rehabilitation to prefectures and create a fund based on this (fund creation is from 2009 to the end of 2011). Agricultural support corps establishment project: Nagasaki Prefecture has launched a fund project, and the prefecture and JA have signed a consignment contract to hire new staff annually to provide a labor force as a agricultural support corps to farmers who have problems such as labor shortages. Utilizing the “business provided”, the JA has organized the “Nagasaki Agricultural Support Corps” (38 members), which is directly hired as a temporary worker from July 2009. After that, in Unzen City, the same project as Nagasaki Prefecture (Unzen Municipal Agricultural Environment System Development Project) was launched, and since the JA was entrusted with this project, the “Unzen City Agricultural Support Corps” (21 members) from November of the same year.) organization. In organizing the agricultural support corps, the member hired as a temporary worker of the JA will utilize the experience of agricultural work support after the termination of the employment contract for 3 years, and will utilize the experience of agricultural work support, such as new farming, employment to a large-scale production corporation, etc. It seems that he thought that becoming a bearer was one of the purposes. Both the Nagasaki Agricultural Relief Corps and the Unzen City Agricultural Relief Corps have been carried out for three years, and it seems that the efforts have spread throughout the jurisdiction. As an effect of both projects, it became possible to expand the scale of farmers and maintain and expand the scale of production areas by providing free support for work that requires a lot of manpower, such as harvesting open-field vegetables. It seems that it can be mentioned. In addition, the Agricultural Support Corps is responsible for maintaining local farming, such as prompt recovery support for farmers affected by weather disasters, and labor support for farmers who cannot perform farm work due to sudden illness or injury, or for elderly farmers. Seems to have exerted great power. Furthermore, as an effect of the JA, it seems that by dispatching both agricultural support teams to unused and underutilized farmers of the JA project, it was possible to link to the shipment of new JAs such as potatoes and onions. In addition, 14 of the agricultural support members became the leaders of agricultural production in the jurisdiction after the end of the project (8 new farmers, 4 employment at agricultural corporations). This seems to have been a major achievement of both businesses. Since there were many farmers requesting business continuity after the completion of both projects, in April 2012, 38 members were continuously hired to form a “new farming support team” in consultation with Nagasaki Prefecture and three cities in the jurisdiction. It seems. The new farmer's support corps seems to be positioned as a JA utilization business whose main financial source is the usage fee (900 yen per hour (excluding tax)) collected from the farmers who support it. Looking at the activity status of the New Agricultural Support Corps for the three years up to FY2014, it seems that the number of members was 37 and the number of dispatches was 4494 at 7 farming centers. The activities included harvesting outdoor vegetables, which are labor-intensive items such as lettuce, potatoes, onions, and broccoli, as well as planting and managing facility vegetables such as strawberries and tomatoes. Also, during the off-season of vegetables, it seems that they are still devised so that they can work on the anniversary by being involved in the support of JA fruit sorting plant. In the past, when the farmer population was large and the average age was low, it seems that the labor shortage was supplemented throughout the region and the scale of production areas was expanded by the interchange of labor between farmers called join. However, at present, the farmer population is declining due to the aging of the population, and the labor force tends to be in short supply. There seems to be no. It is clear that it is not only large-scale farmers and young farmers, but all farmers in the region that support the scale of production in Japan. In order to permanently maintain and expand the scale of the production area, large-scale farmers may become more labor shortages due to further expansion, and young farmers will eventually become elderly farmers. There is no doubt that the supply of quality labor is essential. However, it seems that it is difficult to secure the short-term employment labor required for labor-intensive items such as open-field vegetables. As of 2018, the JA has jurisdiction over the agricultural products produced, and consists of a total of 225 members, including 6 subcommittees (Japanese radish, carrot, Chinese cabbage, lettuce, fruit vegetables, ginger) and 2 study groups (soft vegetables, strawberry). It seems that it produces and sells about 30 kinds of vegetables a year, mainly in facilities and open-air vegetables throughout the year. In particular, for radish and carrots, it is fully equipped with a large joint fruit sorting plant, and it seems that long-term stable shipments are being carried out from autumn / winter crops to spring crops. What is characteristic is that it actively provides labor support centered on the harvesting of agricultural products throughout the year. At that time, it seems that a total of 46 harvesting workers were dispatched to farmers to harvest, with 25 part-time workers and 5 foreign workers joining from 2020, centered on 16 JA Shimabara Unzen Agricultural Support Corps. In the case of farmer-centered harvesting, the daily yield becomes unstable, and at the same time, the capacity of the fruit sorting facility cannot be fully demonstrated. This is because it seems that stable yields will be realized, and at the same time, the daily fruit sorting capacity of the fruit sorting facility will be fully demonstrated, and it will be possible to stably ship fruits and vegetables for a long period of time. Regarding the cultivation of ginger in the former Shimabara City, it was 21 ha at the time of 2004 (published by the Statistics Department of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries), but at that time, methyl bromide(CH3Br: At the 2018 Montreal Protocol Conference of the Parties (MOP31), it was designated as an ozone-depleting substance like chlorofluorocarbons, and it is used as an “essential use” for some treatments such as soil fumigation where methyl bromide is indispensable. Is recognized. However, from the viewpoint of international global environmental protection, there has been a movement in recent years that even essential uses should be completely abolished, and in Japan as well, the “national management strategy for methyl bromide for essential uses” has been formulated and odorized. We are working to develop and disseminate alternative technologies for the total abolition of methyl. CH3Br is a colorless gas with a boiling point of 4 ° C at normal temperature and pressure. It is heavier than air and tends to easily liquefy below the critical point. Also, it seems to be odorless except for the chloroform-like odor at high concentration. In air, it is non-flammable except at concentrations in the range of 10-16%, but seems to burn in oxygen. It dissolves only slightly in water, but seems to dissolve well in other common solvents. It seems possible to penetrate through many substances such as concrete, leather, rubber and some plastics. It hydrolyzes into methanol and hydrobromic acid in water, and the rate of hydrolysis seems to depend on pH. It is an effective methylating agent that reacts with amines and sulfur-containing compounds. The majority of metals are pure, dry and inert, but zinc, tin, aluminum and magnesium appear to cause surface reactions in the presence of impurities or moisture. Also, it seems that an explosive reaction with aluminum and dimethyl sulfoxide has been reported. It was famous that it was available as a commercial product as a liquefied gas. The formulation for fumigation of soil seems to include chloropicrin (about 2%) or amyl acetate (about 0.3%) as a warning agent. Other formulations appear to contain up to 70% chloropicrin or other fumigation disinfectants and hydrocarbons as an inert diluent. It seems that 100% methyl bromide is used for fumigation disinfection of products. Further, analytical methods for measuring the concentration of methyl bromide in air, water, soil, food, and animal feed are known. Direct measurements in air and in the field seem to include thermal conductivity gas analysis, colorimetric detector tubes, infrared analysis, and photoionization detectors. The ocean is considered the main source. For GC measurements in water, purge, trap, headspace sampling samples, for normal analysis of CH3Br in food in a suitable container, with ECD of headspace capillaries after extraction with acetone and water. Gas chromatography seems to be recommended. It seems that bromide measurement is also being considered for some of the soil, food, and biological samples that have been converted to bromide. I hear that colorimetric quantification, X-ray spectroscopy, potential difference measurement, neutron activation analysis, gas chromatography, and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) are some of the methods used to measure bromide in various media.)used for soil disinfection was designated as an ozone-depleting substance, and in 2005. Pythium zinziberis(It seems that the ground part of the leaf sheath and the buds become wet brown or dark green. Later, the lesions tend to soften and rot, and the above-ground parts tend to turn yellowish brown and die. The rhizomes turn pale and appear to rot. It seems that white cotton-like mold may grow on the surface of the affected area. The pathogen seems to survive with the residue of the diseased plant. It seems to get sick when planting the affected rhizome. In the year when it rains a lot after June, there is a tendency for the disease to occur more often in fields with poor drainage. It is good to plant disease-free rhizomes without continuous cropping. Also, dig a drainage ditch so that rainwater does not collect in the field.), which is the main disease of ginger, because it was completely abolished in Japan. The cultivated area gradually decreased (cultivated item conversion: spinach, small watermelon, etc.) due to concerns about damage to Takahashi and the slump in prices due to the increase in imported ginger. It seems that it was canceled. Regarding the farmland in the former Shimabara City, although the upland irrigation was maintained, the upland comprehensive maintenance project started in 2014 due to the dispersion of irregular farmland and the deterioration of the conventional irrigation facilities (Since the comprehensive upland field maintenance project (scheduled to continue until 2026 (current plan)) was partially completed in 2013, it became possible to cultivate irrigation in new fields, and although it is not complete, It seems that the cultivated area is currently on a recovery trend because the soil disinfection technology has been replaced by a treatment method using chemicals and the price has become relatively stable due to the increasing demand for domestic ginger. The variety is “Nagasaki Large Ginger” (main production areas are Toishi, Koga, Higashi Nagasaki, Mogi district. Unlike ordinary vegetables that are standardized all year round, it has a unique taste, aroma, and flavor. However, on the other hand, it is a product that is disappearing from the production site because it is a delicate vegetable that is vulnerable to diseases and takes time to cultivate. However, food safety and local ingredients Now that “food education” using ginger is attracting attention, there seems to be a growing movement to review the goodness and safety of traditional Nagasaki vegetables and bring them back to the table as a property of Nagasaki. With the cooperation of agricultural organizations, food-related organizations and consumers, Nagasaki traditional vegetables are expected to play a major role in revitalizing agriculture in Nagasaki and in terms of local production and local consumption). If the house is not heated, the plants are planted from March to April and harvested from August to September. In the case of open fields, planting is done from April to May, and I heard that it is from late October to November. In addition, the house new ginger harvested from August to September is washed, sorted, and boxed by JA fruit sorting workers, and is shipped mainly to the Chugoku / Kyushu market as new ginger. Ginger in Shimabara City, Nagasaki Prefecture is cultivated in abundant water and nature. It is clear that the refreshing flavor stimulates the sense of smell and has an appetite-promoting effect, and also has the effect of promoting metabolism and warming the body. In addition, it is used in many Chinese herbal medicines as a crude drug, and its effects include gastric mucosa protection, gastric health by promoting gastric fluid secretion, promotion of sweating action, colds, and anti-nausea, but its effects are not limited. Gingerol and shogaol, which are pungent ingredients, are abundant in raw ginger, and their strong bactericidal action can be expected to prevent food poisoning in addition to improving the mouth and appetite. In addition, it is highly expected to work to help recovery from fatigue and healing power against diseases by anti-inflammatory action and digestive promotion action. Nagasaki Prefecture’s located in the westernmost part of the mainland, in the northwestern part of Kyushu. It has a prefecture area of ​​213 km east-west and 307 km north-south. A major topographical feature is that about 80% of the land consists of peninsulas and islands, and the land is rich in undulations, so it seems that the land is scarce. The average annual temperature in the northwestern part of the Shimabara Peninsula, which is the main production area of ​​potatoes, is 15.7 degrees Celsius, and the annual rainfall is 2300 mm. It is an area with a long frost-free period from early April. In addition, many typhoons approach and land, which can cause enormous damage to agricultural products, and it is said that farming is carried out under severe land and weather conditions. In the prefecture, the spring potatoes, which are called “New Potatoes” in the market and are shipped from April to June, seem to start harvesting starting from Fukue Island in the Goto Islands. It seems that it will move to the northwestern part of the Shimabara Peninsula and will reach the end in the Iimori district of Isahaya city on the opposite bank. I heard that all of them are cultivated in warm regions facing the sea. It is said that Nagasaki Prefecture's potatoes entered Nagasaki Port from Java (now Indonesia) in 1598 by the Dutch. After that, I heard that it has been cultivated all over the country while being used as a famine crop during several famines. According to records since the beginning of the modern era, about 500 ha was cultivated at the end of the Meiji era, and it seems that the largest area was 2987 ha in 1945 and 8570 hectares in 1954 immediately after the end of the war. However, from the following year, it started to decrease, and it is said that it will be 4000 ha in 2013. Cultivation is divided into five cropping types, mainly in the autumn cropping from September to December and the spring cropping from March to June, which can secure the optimum temperature for growth, resulting in five cropping patterns, and the harvest is in November. It seems to be mid-June of the following year. Autumn cultivation is mainly cultivated on the Shimabara Peninsula, and the shipment volume is about 5,500 tons. Since it is cultivated in the open field, it is easily affected by the drought in autumn, and the yield is small due to the time of the typhoon, so the crop seems to be unstable. Autumn mulch cultivation seems to be cultivated in the warm areas of the Shimabara Peninsula, where the first frost is delayed. The shipment volume is about 4500 tons. Winter tunnel cultivation is mainly cultivated on Fukue Island, and the shipment volume is about 300 tons. Previously, it was actively planted on the Shimabara Peninsula, but it seems that it has shifted from tunnels to non-woven solid coating due to the inability to secure yields for the labor and cost. At the southern tip of the Shimabara Peninsula, which is the main cropping type of the prefecture and is a frost-free area, it seems that the harvest is from late April to mid-June when the rain falls. The shipment volume was about 37,000 tons in 2015. Since the yield is affected by frost damage, it seems that a non-woven solid coating is used as in winter crops in order to secure a stable and early shipment volume. Since it is cultivated twice a year in spring and autumn, unique varieties suitable for double-cropping in warm regions are cultivated. In 1971, the high-yielding and tasty “Dejima potato” was cultivated in both spring and autumn, and in 1978, the extremely high-yielding “Nishiyutaka potato(In 1970, at the Nagasaki Prefectural Agriculture and Forestry Center Aino Potato Center, artificial mating of “Dejima potato” as a mother and father “Chokei No. 65 potato” was carried out (Saikai No.15 potato). In 1978, it was registered as a variety as “Bareisho Norin No.23 potato”. Suitable for warm southwestern regions, excellent in fertility. Expected to grow and harvest in spring and autumn(Since the crops were swollen and the yield was high, the cultivation increased rapidly especially in spring mulching since 1985.)The flesh is pale yellow and the flesh is moist. The leaf color's dark green, which is slightly darker than “Dejima potato”. The leaflets are a little thick inside and reach a little sparse. Plasmodium resistance major gene : Epidemic resistance leading gene, Ralstonia solanacearum(bacterial disease of eggplant: To provide a bacterial wilt disease resistant inducer which contains a compound indicating resistant induction activity against a bacterial wilt disease as an effective component, and a bacterial wilt disease prevention method using the compound : Patent Office), Bacterial soft rot(soft rot pathogen: To provide a mass production method of seed potato seedlings, capable of preventing rot and soft rot of a rooting zone to increase probability of survival, and mass-producing at one time nondisease seed potato seedlings capable of increasing percentage of rootage when planting. To provide a method for increasing tubers such as calla tubers or the likes, achieved in increasing tubers such as calla tubers or the likes in a warm area such as Japan or the like, by inhibiting generation of soft rot and activities of endotrophic mycorrhiza - Patent Office)In addition, it is slightly stronger than “Mother: Dejima potato” and has moderate or higher resistance to tuber rot. Weak to powdery potato common scab (spongospora subterranea, causative strain, 16S rRNA gene (Prokaryote, gene sequence) or 16S rRNA gene to amplify between ITS region (Ribosomal DNA; rDNA; Eukaryote), a novel primer pair, And a method for detecting and identifying the causative strain of potato scab using them.(NEW PRIMER PAIR FOR AMPLIFYING BETWEEN ITS REGIONS FROM 16SrRNA GENE OR 16SrRNA GENE OF POTATO SCAB-CAUSING STRAIN, AND METHOD FOR DETECTING AND IDENTIFYING POTATO SCAB-CAUSING STRAIN WITH THE NEW PRIMER PAIR- Patent Office), From Potato mop-top virus, it is transmitted by tuber brown ring pattern disease. Somewhat weak resistance. However, the field resistance is quite strong. Since there's little dehiscence of potatoes and little breakage of foliage due to the wind, it's widely suitable for the second cropping area in western Japan.)” was cultivated, and it is said that it is now the main variety of round varieties. On the other hand, as soil diseases such as Spongospora subterranea and Pseudomonas solanacearum, and resistant varieties such as Globodera rostochiensis, Aiyutaka potato(According to the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries variety registration, this variety was bred by crossing “Dejima” with “Chokei No. 108 potato”. The potato shape is oval, the skin color is white yellow, and the flesh color is pale yellow. Potato cyst nematode It is a variety suitable for cooking with resistance. The flora is slightly upright, the individual weight type and the number type are slightly individual weight type, the stem length is short, the thickness is medium, the stem color (primary color) is green, the number of branches is slightly small, and the leaf color is The density of green and leaflet is medium, the number of hair mushrooms on the leaves is small, the number of flowers is rare, the flower color (primary color) is reddish purple, the flower color (secondary color) is white, and the distribution is even. The length of the branch is a little short, the depth of the potato set is a little shallow, the length of the potato is a little long, the flatness is weak, the shape is oval, the skin color is white-yellow, the rough skin is slippery, the eyes The depth is extremely shallow, the flesh color is pale yellow, the dormant period is a little short, the dying period is medium, the early hypertrophy is a little fast, the upper potatoes are quite heavy, the number of upper potatoes is medium, and the average weight of one upper potato is a little. Large, slightly sticky to medium flesh, medium resistance to Y mosaic disease, weak resistance to epidemic field, and putative genotype of potato cyst nematode resistance is H1. Compared to “Dejima potato”, it has a shorter stem length, a reddish-purple flower color with white stripes, and a potato cyst nematode resistance putative genotype(Derived from the strain “CPC1673” cultivated in the highlands of South America, “Atlantic potato”, “Aiyutaka potato”, “Sayaka potato”, “Toya potato”, etc. have the “Rx” 1 gene: Potatoes) of H1, so it is compared with “Nishiyutaka potato”. Then, it is said that the distinction is recognized by the fact that the flower color is reddish purple and white stripes are included, the rough skin of the epidermis is slippery, and the putative genotype of potato cyst nematode resistance is H1.)” was cultivated in 2002 and “Sanjumaru potato(The origin of the variety name is that it has three excellent characteristics: “resistant to pests”, “high yield”, and “good appearance”. Announcement of variety registration application in August 2010.)” was cultivated in 2010. May queen potato is cultivated in spring crops and seems to ship about 8,000 tons from mid-May to June. The annual sales amount varies greatly depending on the year, and it seems that it is an item with large price fluctuations, but the handling volume has remained relatively stable at 40,000 to 50,000 tons in the past 10 years (as of 2015). Seems to be there. This is because more than 80% of the handling volume utilizes ALIC's designated vegetable price stabilization business, so risk management when the market selling price falls functions and reproduction is secured. This seems to be because it greatly contributes to the maintenance of production area and quantity. The shipping period is from November to July, and the main shipping time is from May to June. It seems that the occupancy rate of Nagasaki potatoes in the Tokyo Metropolitan Central Wholesale Market in 2014 was 46% in May and 56% in June, and 72% in May and 82% in June in the Osaka Central Wholesale Market. “Shimabara Unzen Japan Agricultural Cooperatives”, The Shimabara Peninsula(138.3 km around the southeast of Nagasaki Prefecture and 459.36 km area occupies 11.2% of the whole prefecture. The Unzen Mountains at the center and a gentle hill area approximately 24 km east-west and 32 km north-south. Mt. Fugendake: 1,359 m, It consists of a plain extending along the coast, and the annual average temperature is mild at 16 ° C. Some areas are frost-free. It's blessed with 2,000 mm of annual precipitation, 2,200 hours of sunshine per year, and weather conditions.), which is in jurisdiction, is blessed with natural conditions such as soil and weather conditions. Shimabara City, Located at the eastern end of the Shimabara Peninsula in the southeast. It covers an area of ​​82.96 km2 and occupies about 18% of the Shimabara Peninsula. In the center is a sloping land that extends to the Ariake Sea on the east side centering on Mt. Mayu (elevation 818.7 m). There is a large-scale collapse trace in 1792 on the eastern slope, and many Nagareyama are distributed from the lower part of the collapse to the sea area around Kujuku island. Behind it is Unzenhugendake, which erupted in 1990 for the first time in 198 years. The lava dome was named “Heiseishinzan” in 1996. The number of farm households accounts for 24% of the prefecture as a whole, and the amount of agricultural output accounts for about 43%. Shimabara City is a representative agricultural area(Recent data). It is a relatively warm area, and although there are paddy fields in the coastal area, upland fields occupy more than paddy fields. Around the Miebard upland field, radishes, carrots, Chinese cabbage, ginger, lettuce, watermelon and other open-field vegetable production areas are formed. Fruit vegetables such as tomato in the summer and house ginger are cultivated in institutional cultivation, and a typical complex management is carried out. Cross-item management stabilization measures target only at eligible and ambitious “principal farmers (certified farmers and village-based farming organizations that meet certain conditions)”, for the stabilization of their farm management, unlike conventional stabilization measures devised for individual commodities of all farmers. It is certified as an Eco farmer and is also working on the Nagasaki Prefecture version of GAP(Sustainable agricultural management for the future as well for environmental protection sustainable. We should ensure that natural resources are managed properly in order to make agricultural development-Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry-Support was provided for initiatives to secure the trust of consumers and stimulate domestic markets by such means as improving the quality control of food products through the introduction of HACCP practices and adoption of ordinary hygiene control in the food industry, rigorous compliance, and voluntary labeling of places of origin of ingredients in accordance with guidelines.(Hazard analysis important control points): Support will be provided to small and medium food manufacturers, etc., by organizing human resource development workshops and providing technical information in order to further promote the improvement of control of food manufacturing processes (through hazard analysis and critical control point (HAACP) procedures).). For management, a field ledger is created and soil analysis is carried out for each stroke. We will work on soil improvement and fertilizer application design in light of past data, and strive to reduce fertilizer to the level of special cultivation. Conduct a planting survey in advance to ensure planned and stable shipments. The Seven Wonders of Shimabara(The exit and entrance, the name of the town is just the opposite.)are wonders taught in Shimabara (the entertainment area in Kyoto City). 島原のシマバライチゴ(Rubus lambertianus Ser.)自生地 - Minamisenbongi Town - March 22, 1960 : The vine of this strawberry is thin and strong, and extends to a length of 5 m. Also, the thorns of the vine entangle with other things and climb up. It is so overgrown that you can't even set foot in the colony. It blooms in autumn, and tufted, sour fruits ripen red in winter. “Minamishimabara City”, Blessed with a warm climate, moderate rainfall and sunshine hours, it is famous as an area where agricultural products can be easily cultivated. Located in the southeastern part of the Shimabara Peninsula, in the southern part of Nagasaki Prefecture. It borders Shimabara City in the north and Unzen City in the west. Facing the Amakusa area of ​​Kumamoto prefecture across the Ariake Sea, I am deeply moved by the memories I visited once. It has a land containing fertile and abundant groundwater that extends south from the foot of Mt. Unzen, which exceeds 1,000 m. It also has a coastline that faces the Ariake Sea and Tachibana Bay, which are rich in seafood. Agriculture, forestry and fishing are carried out by the residents. Historically, there was a time when Christianity was introduced to this area in the 1560s and Christian culture prospered. The Edict expelling Jesuit missionaries was a prohibition document concerning the mission of Christianity and trade with Spain and Portugal issued by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI in Chikuzen Hakozaki, in July 24, 1587 : There are many historical heritage sites in the city that show the light and shadow of Christianity in Japan. 1637: Shimabara-Amakusa ikki (Shimabara War): The Shimabara War broke out, lasting two years from 1637 to 1638. In such a situation, the occurrence of Shimabara / Amakusa uprisings led the bakufu to the complete prohibition of Christianity and the complete national isolation that allowed only bakufu-controlled trade. “Hara Castle Ruins” is “Hidden Christian-related heritage of Nagasaki and Amakusa Region” : Registered for UNESCO World Cultural Heritage on June 30, 2018. The shimabara peninsula area has been certified as the first in Japan by the global geopark networks, which is said to be the geological version of the world heritage(Unzen Volcanic Area Geopark: In 2009, with Itoigawa in Niigata and Mt. Toyakousu(Lake Toya Mt. Usu)in Hokkaido). An area where you can feel the heartbeat of the earth and the history of the earth. “City designated cultural property”, Uchiishibashi group(Kitaarima Town): It was built from the late Edo period to the early Showa period. About 10 arch bridges made of natural stones and cut stones are left in the Arima River system in Kitaarima Town. The construction of the arch bridge requires a high level of technology because the strength of the stones is maintained by the weight of the stones. Natural stones are used for most of the stone bridges such as wall stones. At first glance, it looks like a rough structure, but in reality, it requires more skill to combine stones that are not standard products. I hear that the biggest advantage is that it is relatively easy to procure materials. Since the bridge is also a part of the living road, it requires quick repair. It can be said that the skillful skills of the masons closely supported people's lives. The scenery where the stone bridge is in harmony with the river and fields is also beautiful. We will support the cultivation of ‘Bananas’, which are expected to be new high-profit and high-value-added crops. Liability Company(LLC.), which develops business by utilizing subsidiary aid. We received 100 seedlings from company limited, an agricultural corporation that grows bananas in Kagoshima and Saga. ‘Freeze-thaw awakening method’ : By freezing and thawing growing cells for half a year and applying special treatment, resistance to cold and diseases becomes stronger. The Banana applied this time is pesticide-free and does not use pesticides or cleaning agents, so the skin is thin and the whole skin can be eaten. The sugar content is 25 degrees, which is much higher than the general 15 degrees, and is characterized by its rich sweetness and mellow aroma. About 150 trees can be harvested from one tree, and mature bananas are scheduled to be harvested around the summer of 2021. When it was transmitted, it was around last fall and before my favorite winter. ‘Arima Christian Heritage Museum’ - Minamiarima Town - The background behind the 250 years of Christianity's hiding : The process leading to the suppression of Christianity, 1637 : Shimabara-Amakusa riot (Shimabara War) situation is displayed in an easy-to-understand manner. Hei, Minamiarima Town: Seibo Park is an art park that exhibited works in the birthplace of Seibo Kitamura(Graduated from the sculpture department of Tokyo Fine Arts School (currently Tokyo University of the Arts) in 1912. His career In 1908, “Indignation” was selected for the first time at the 2nd Art Exhibition (Bun Exhibition) of the Ministry of Education. He has been exhibiting every year since then, and the 10th “Evening Bell” will be the chief of choice. In 1919 he became a judge for the Japan Fine Arts Exhibition and formed the Hibarasha in the same year. He was a professor at Tokyo Beauty School from 1921 to 1944, and became a member of the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts in 1924 and a member of the Japan Art Academy in 1947. He specializes in heroic human figures, and before the war he worked on equestrian statues of military personnel and statues of great men. After the war, he became a central member of the Japan Fine Arts Exhibition sculpture department, focusing on peace and freedom. In 1951, he was requested by Nagasaki Prefecture to build an atomic bomb monument at the hypocenter of the atomic bombing, and in 1955 he completed the “Nagasaki Peace Memorial Statue”.), a sculptor who was born in Minamiarima Town, Minamishimabara City and is famous for the creator of the Nagasaki Peace Memorial Statue. In the wooden memorial hall where the garden and the birthplace were restored, about 60 works such as “Peace Statue”, sculptors, books and paintings are exhibited, and you can see the condensed essence of Seibo art. It seems. Also, from the park with a good view overlooking Amakusa Nada, you can see the nationally designated historic site “Hara Castle Ruins” known for the Shimabara Rebellion. “Unzen City”, It is located in the south, northwestern part of the Shimabara Peninsula. Tachibana Bay(was originally called Chijiwa-nada Open Sea or Chijiwa Bay, but in 1919 when TACHIBANA's statue was constructed in Chijiwa Town (present Chijiwa Town, Unzen City, Nagasaki Prefecture), the persons concerned submitted a petition to change the denomination of Chijiwa-nada Open Sea to Tachibana Bay.) faces the west bank and the Ariake Sea faces the east bank. The total area is 214.31 km2, which occupies 5.2% of the whole prefecture. Some are designated as Unzenamakusa National Park, the first national park in Japan. The climate is blessed with warm and rainy conditions, making it one of the prefecture's leading tourist destinations. Seven towns were merged in 2005. Kojirokoji (Unzen City, Nagasaki Prefecture): Important Preservation District for Groups of Historic Buildings. Tachibana Bay was originally called Chijiwanada Open Sea or Chijiwa-wan Bay, but in 1919 when TACHIBANA's statue(Mr. Tachibana Died in this battle, and posthumously he was promoted to the Lieutenant Colonel of the Infantry Regiment of Army and conferred the Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Rosette and the Order of Golden Kite, Fourth Class.): He was a lieutenant colonel and worked as an educator for Emperor Taisho.)was constructed in Chijiwa Town (present Chijiwa Town, Unzen City, Nagasaki Prefecture), the persons concerned submitted a petition to change the denomination of Chijiwa-nada Open Sea to Tachibana Bay. Similar Ushioni festivals or cow god festivals are also held in the following places: Minamitakaki County, Nagasaki Prefecture (present-day Unzen City); Uwajima City, Ehime Prefecture; and Ichiki-cho, Hioki County, Kagoshima Prefecture (present-day Ichiki-kushikino City); under the name of 'Toshimon,' 'Ushonin,' and 'Tsukuimon' respectively. Finally, I think the excellent varieties such as “Wase Haraguchi(early ripening: In 1969, nagasaki prefecture Nishisonogi District Saikai Town: Current Saikai City(Even today, they sometimes set shorobune afloat on rivers or on the sea in Shimabara City, Saikai City, Matsuura City, and Goto City.)” : In the Miyagawa early mandarin orange field of Seiji Haraguchi in the mountains, only one tree that bears extremely sweet fruits was found.)and Sasebo Wenzhou (Virus‐free: Once infected, plants cannot be excluded from immunity and cannot escape the virus for the rest of their lives; After detoxifying the virus, in 1998, the sale of seedlings to mandarin orange producing areas in Nagasaki Prefecture became popular. The harvest season is expected from late November to early December, about 10 days later than “Wase Miyagawa mandarin oranges”, (early), and it is famous as a Nakate species.)are wonderful. Very early harvesting: “Wase Iwasaki mandarin orange” : This is a bud mutation of Wase Okitsu mandarin orange found by Denichi IWASAKI of Saikai Town, Nishisonogi District, (today's Saikai City,) Nagasaki Prefecture in 1968. The history of Nagasaki mandarin is that in 1780 (Tenmei era), Omura feudal lord, Sumiyasu OMURA, Satsuma feudal lord “Nagashima mandarin” (Izumi District (former: Higashi Town) Nagashima Town unshu mandarin), Ikiriki, Sonogi District. It is said that it started to be cultivated by Yuemon Tanaka, Rinemon Tanaka, Tsuguemon Nakamichi and others in the village (currently Tarami Town, Sonogi District).(Citrus Unshiu has heard that the seeds brought back from China by the envoy to Tang China began to bear fruit and were found in Kagoshima.)The saplings were shipped nationwide when the high-quality “Satsuma mandarin” was cultivated from the Ikiriki region. This is called “Ikiriki Citrus unshu”. In 1876, mandarin oranges were sold by hand in the castle town. In addition, from around 1887, the production area of ​​mandarin oranges was expanded in Ikiriki Village, and even today, the area is the main production area in Nagasaki Prefecture. From 1961, “Act on Special Measures for Promotion of Fruit Tree Agriculture (Government Ordinance No. 145)”, the Nagasaki Prefecture Citrus Promotion Plan was formulated, and the citrus cultivation area is rapidly increased throughout the prefecture. Demand for fruit trees in Japan is generally declining and stagnant, and there is a growing tendency for small quantities to be sold as other items and for good quality. Many fruits, including mandarin oranges, are in overproduction. There are increasing demands from other countries to expand imports of fruits and fruit products. In order to achieve sound development, it is necessary to deal with the overproduction trend of fruits. Induce production that responds to trends. Fostering independent fruit tree farmers who can be the core players in the production area. And it is necessary to further strengthen the constitution of fruit tree agriculture. The system for promoting fruit tree agriculture was strengthened(Partial amendment of Law No. 15, July 1, 1985). To the prefectural governor, the then Vice-Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries(Kenichi KAKUDO: Japanese agriculture and forestry bureaucrats. He served as the Commissioner of the Forestry Agency and the Vice-Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, and after retiring he was the president of the Norinchukin Bank, and died in 2013.). In 1597, Nagasaki was the first onion to land in Japan by a Portuguese ship. The production of early-maturing onions is thriving, and it has a good reputation for its freshness and good taste. I hear that potato was introduced from Jakarta to nagasaki by a Dutch ship in 1598. It boasts the second largest production volume after Hokkaido, and Minamishimabara City is one of the leading production areas in the prefecture. Cultivation started in earnest in the Meiji era, and now it is cultivated based on two crops, spring and autumn, taking advantage of the warm climate. Asparagus officinalis was introduced to Nagasaki as ornamental from the Netherlands during the Edo period. There are spring and summer seasons, and spring asparagus grows slowly over time, so it has a strong sweetness and is rich in minerals and especially vitamin C. Summer asparagus has a beautiful light green color because it grows at a stretch due to the blessings of the daytime sun, and it is soft to the vicinity of the root. I hear that the bright red tomatoes were introduced to Nagasaki from the Netherlands at the end of the 17th century. As of 2021, according to the prefecture, Nagasaki, which is blessed with sunshine conditions, is suitable for mandarin orange cultivation, and it seems that the shipment volume was the 5th largest in Japan and boasted a 6-7% share. Various varieties are cultivated from the north to the south, but in the jurisdiction, “Ajinishiki mandarin , Nanko mandarin's self-confidence, Daiseikai”, etc. are listed as special products. All of them are characterized by a strong sweetness with a sugar content of 12 degrees or more. "Hikawa Hakuho Peach" : Mr. Tagusagawa. It was discovered in 1973 as a branch of white birch in Yamanashi City, Yamanashi Prefecture. Eight years later, it was registered as a breed in 1981. It is a peach that is very well-colored and has a beautiful round shape. Because the acidity is relatively modest peach, the sugar content is about 11-13% but you can feel very sweet. Juicy flesh is characterized by the fact that it tastes good and the juice drips with it. I love! It's better to have a shallow crevice (suture line) and be plumbed symmetrically around this line. "Hakuho peach" is a variety selected from seedlings obtained by mating "Tachibana Wase Peach" with "white peach" in 1925 at the Kanagawa Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station (Kamikichisawa, Hiratsuka City), and was named and announced in 1933 before the war. It is one of the representative varieties of peaches, and various varieties were born from this white phoenix peach, and it seems that they are collectively called "Hakuho Peach system". "Peach", which grew up in Yame, is particular about quality and taste. The thighs cultivated in the Greenhouse are of good quality, with a crimson appearance and a distinctive scent that stimulates the appetite. In open-field cultivation, the flesh is soft and juicy, and you can enjoy the refined sweetness. Hikawa Hakuho peaches are shipped from April to July every year, and the production areas are Hirokawa Town, Chikugo City, and Yame City (Kurogi Town, Tachibana Town).  There are two main cultivation methods. In open-field cultivation, the colors tend to be uneven due to being blown by the rain and wind and being exposed to sunlight. In addition, it is easily damaged by diseases and pests, and even if it is cultivated in the open field, it may be grown in the mountains. In that case, it seems difficult to pay close attention to each and every fruit. If it is cultivated in Greenhouse, the fruits will be put in a bag so that they will not be exposed to sunlight, and they will not be exposed to the rain and wind, so they will look beautiful. Of course, it is not easily damaged by diseases, pests and birds, and the cultivation range is limited to the greenhouse, so it seems to be a solid and well-made peach. In addition, by creating the optimum temperature, humidity and watering environment for peach cultivation, Mikikusa(sake grass)fruits of high quality and beautiful appearance are produced. "Fukae Town, Minamishimabara City", where the peach growers are raised, is a region with a warm personality, warm year-round, and active agriculture. Unzen Fugendake, which can be seen from anywhere in the town, is an active volcano that remembers the eruption disaster that occurred in 1990. Once rampage causes enormous damage, the minerals in the volcanic ash sand loam seem to also benefit the crops. In the first place, Samantabhadra is a bodhisattva who stands beside Samantabhadra with Bunshu. He is a merciful, holy sage who appears and rewards Amane; 布施; 普. It seems to be a mountain with a very connotative name, who gave it to when. In agriculture, where the first experience is important, it seems that there are countless uncertainties when growing crops that have never been cultivated. Producers say that the ignorance itself is the greatest risk, and there were times when income was not retained due to unstable production. Last but not least, the place of origin seems to be the plateau area upstream of the Yellow River in China. There are documents that say that it has been in Japan until the Nara period. It is said that the varieties around this time had small fruits and hard flesh, so they were not edible and used seeds and leaves as medicines. Cultivation of peaches for food began in earnest after the Meiji era. At that time, breeding strains came in from China and Europe. After that, many varieties were cultivated in Japan, and competition for cultivar development became active. In the eastern Japan market, bright red is preferred, and in western Japan, the slightly colored white color is preferred, probably because of the image of white peach in Okayama prefecture(Mimasaka land or Saku Province). Coloring is influenced by the variety, so it seems that it is not as sweet as dark peaches.



The Japanese Seedling Law is a law that stipulates a "variety registration system" for the protection of new varieties and a "designated seedling system" for ensuring proper distribution of seedlings. The purpose is to contribute to the development of agriculture, forestry and fisheries by optimizing distribution. The revised Seedling Law was enacted in December 2020, and from April 1, 2022, self-propagation of registered varieties must be carried out with the permission of the breeder's right holder. Since the license policy and contents differ depending on the breeder's right holder and variety, it seems that it is necessary to confirm the license contents etc. when carrying out self-propagation. A person who creates a new variety of a plant (flowers, agricultural products, etc.) under the law that provides protection against the creation of a new variety of a plant has the right to breed a new variety of the plant by registering the new variety (flowers, agricultural products, etc.). It is a law that can occupy (breeders' rights). Many of the seeds or seedlings on the market are researched and developed by seed companies and seed farmers to produce better crops (tasting, disease resistant, high yields, etc.). It takes a lot of research expenses and a lot of rare time to develop such varieties. Therefore, by developing a new variety and registering it with the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, it is possible to obtain "breeders' rights," which is one of the intellectual property rights. Once the breeder's right is obtained, it is protected from having the exclusive right to use the registered varieties "seedlings", "harvests" and "processed products" as "business" for 25 years.

Freshly picked greenhouse peaches grown deliciously in a hothouse are fresh. It's juicy and tasty, and it's pretty good. It is unique to greenhouse cultivation that the sugar content is high and it is transmitted that it is carefully grown. It is very popular as a gift item.
Following the Hikawa Hakuho peach, the peach that represents the prefecture is named after Fukushima Prefecture's "Shinobu Sanzan Akatsuki (dedicated a large straw to Mt. Shinobu's Haguro Shrine in the hope of bumper crops, etc.)" It is said that it was named after a wish. Previously, farmers in Fukushima Prefecture were cultivated. In 1952, a hybrid breeding seedling of (white peach peach x white phoenix peach) at the Fruit Tree Experiment Station of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (currently the Fruit Tree Research Institute, Agricultural and Food Industry Research Organization). In 1979, it was registered as an agricultural and forestry certified variety.  (Momo Norin No. 6 Peach) It is a variety that was cultivated before the variety registration system was established by the Seedling Law. The flesh is cream-colored, and you can enjoy the sweetness with a high sugar content and a refreshing aroma with little acidity. The smile of the child on the side comes to my mind.

Monday, May 23, 2022

The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan announced the food self-sufficiency rate in 2020 on August 25, 2021. The food self-sufficiency rate was 37.17%, the lowest level ever. From now on, it was 79% in 1960, about 62 years ago, but it has been declining consistently since then. Entering the Heisei period, it fell below about 50% in 1989, and the decline is clear even after that. In 2000, it had been around 40%, but due to inflation caused by supply restraints, Japan also has a lot of stagflation (import prices, soaring prices, depreciation of the yen, economic stagnation). In the current situation of the Japanese economy, inflation is high despite deflation. Prices are under upward pressure despite the economic downturn. Concerns about emergencies are also real. All we have to understand is that we have never been slacking off. I want to entrust my dreams to my children, young people, who work for the food, stability, and well-being, and who will bear the future. Isn't it just that one heart? It seems that the Japanese people's willingness to work is praised by all over the world and is eye-catching. However, I feel uncomfortable that the foundation that has been passed down from generation to generation has become abnormal every day. What makes you feel worth living? What is support? Isn't it the same for everyone to struggle every day? Green Production Land, 2022 Problem (Act No. 68 of 1974: Amendment of the Green Production Land Law in 1992), During a recession, prices of products and labor, which would not normally rise too much, rise, resulting in soaring overseas prices and the economic downturn in Japan. Review the consumption tax (national equality) reduction now. In the 49th House of Representatives general election held in October 3rd year of Reiwa, the turnout of national elections was 43.21% for teens, 36.50% for 20s, and 47.12% for 30s. I am. (The turnout rate for all age groups is 55.93%.) In the 25th House of Councilors election held in July of the first year of Reiwa, 32.28% were in their teens, 30.96% were in their 20s, and 30s were in their 30s. It is 38.78%. (The turnout of all age groups is 48.80%) In this way, the voter turnout of young people is low compared to other age groups in all elections, so the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications is particularly interested in young people. In addition to working on election enlightenment and sovereignty education, we will work closely with related organizations to improve the turnout, but the immediate dwindling birthrate and an aging population is an issue. The Children's and Family Affairs Agency reports directly to the Prime Minister and is an external agency of the Cabinet Office. It has a full-time minister and has the "recommendation right" to encourage ministers of other ministries and agencies to make improvements. Welfare-centered fields such as nursery centers, child allowances, and child abuse prevention measures handled by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare and the Cabinet Office will be transferred. On the other hand, it seems that the fields such as kindergarten and compulsory education will be left behind by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology because adjustments have been difficult. The kid's and Family Affairs Agency and the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology will jointly create guidelines and guidelines that set standards for kindergarten education and nursery school childcare. It seems that the aim is to receive common education and childcare at all facilities. Regarding the hazing issue, it seems that the two ministries and agencies will share information on serious cases and take integrated measures. Upper Organization, Cabinet Office, Overview Established April 1, 2023 (planned) Predecessor, Cabinet Secretariat, Cabinet Office, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Child and Family Affairs Bureau, National Public Safety Commission, National Police Agency, Life Safety Bureau.

Excerpt from Noda City Agricultural Products Branding Promotion Council. For vegetable production in Higashi Katsushika, the Meiji era was an era in which the production area was greatly advanced in response to the increase in demand for vegetables in Tokyo under the capitalist economy. Not only has the variety and quantity of vegetables increased, but we have also endeavored to introduce new varieties of the same type, incorporated hotbed cultivation into the cultivation method to extend the shipping time, and introduced crop rotation to centralize production / shipment and land use. It seems that efforts have been made to promote rationalization. Quantitative production had already progressed in the first year of the Meiji era, but with the gradual increase in sweet potato, taro, japanese white radish, carrot, burdock, 'eggplant', pickling melon, cucumber, squash, etc., green onion, watermelon, oriental Production of melon, ginger, mitsuba greens, etc. is increasing fashionably under the increase of supply and demand. In the first year of the Meiji era, mitsuba greens increased rapidly in Hongo, and cultivation increased in Takagi and Kamagaya centering on the eight pillars, and it was sold to the Tokyo market and local merchants, and its production area was permanent. From the latter half of the 1887s, vegetables in this area became popular. Eggplant seems to have been the number one producer of fruit vegetables in this area throughout the Meiji and Taisho eras. In 1891, the planted area was 76.8 hectare, the yield was 187 tons, and the production value was 2,496 yen. In 1919, it was 112.9 ha, 1,004 tons, 71,871 yen, and in 1925, it was 196 ha. The number of crops has increased since the Taisho era. The main production areas in the Taisho era were Matsudo, Noda, Abiko, Funabashi, Chiyoda, Kimagase, etc., and the variety was one parent of "Sinkuro eggplant (A fixed species that is one parent of Senryo No. 2 eggplant and is also called the prototype of medium-length eggplant. Distributed mainly in the Kanto region over 50 years ago)". , Sennari eggplant, Torvum eggplant , etc. US President Joseph Robinette Biden Jr., who is visiting Japan, announced on May 23, 2022 that a new economic partnership "Indo-Pacific Economic Framework; インド太平洋経済枠組み" led by the United States will be launched.

【Product Name】
Eggplant, the blessing of the earth in Chiba Prefecture north
【Type】
Solanum melongena L.
【Production / wholesale area】
Kashiwa City, Chiba Prefecture, Gagoko City, Noda City (JA Chiba Tokatsu, Noda District Economic Center (Nakazato)), Funabashi City (JA Group Chiba)
【Derived from the name】
It is said to have originated in the Tohoku region of the Republic of India, and is said to have been introduced from China before the 8th century. Since the Heian period, it has been cultivated as ‘Nasubi’ for over 1200 years. The etymology is “To grow up” because the number of fruits increases, and “Summer fruit” that can be harvested in the summer.
【Major features】
The election for members of the Noda City Assembly in Chiba Prefecture was voted on May 22, 2022, with 35 candidates running for a fixed number of 28, 21 incumbents, and 7 newcomers. The average age of the winners is 57.11 years old, by party, Komei Party 5, Liberal Democratic Party 2, Constitutional Democratic Party 2, Communist Party 2, Democratic Party for the People 1, Citizen Network Noda 1, Tsubasa Party 1, Independent 14, and 4 women. there were. The term of office is four years from May 31, and the monthly fee for members of the Diet is 450,000 yen (as of 2020, according to the National Association of Chairpersons of the City Council). The number of voters on the day was 127,391. It seems that the turnout was 40.35%, which is 2.7 points lower than the previous time (2018). Is it a manifestation of political distrust? Is it the negligence of the citizens? I think there is a problem with the election system. The influence of the Decreasing birthrate and aging population has greatly expanded the range of age groups with voting rights, leading to unfair voting, which is happening in every municipality. The country seems to have room to revise the system as soon as possible. According to the 2020 census, Noda City had a total population of 152,638, a population increase / decrease rate of minus 0.62%, and an average age of 48.5 years, ranking 541st in Japan and 20th in the prefecture. According to the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications' Local Finance Survey (2020), the budget scale is 72,824.76 million yen for revenue and 70,496.3 million yen for expenditure. Located in the northwestern part of Chiba prefecture. In Kashiwa City, the reason why I was taken care of when I was a child. It was a city of memories and a land I dreamed of, although it was due to my father's work. It's nostalgic, and I can see the changing scenery like yesterday. The outline is that the distance from east to west is about 18 km, the distance from north to south is about 15 km, and the area is 114.74 km2. The terrain is generally flat, with urban areas and satoyama formed around the wide plateau of the Shimousa Upland(Hokusô Upland: It is one of the leading agricultural areas in Chiba prefecture. In particular, vegetable cultivation boasts one of the highest production in Japan. Many Yatsuda(paddy field at valley bottom)eroded in a dendritic manner from the surrounding area.). 北部: 布施弁天, あけぼの山公園, 西部: 県立柏の葉公園, 東部: 手賀沼, 南部: カタクリ(Erythronium japonicum Decne.)(Natural Monument (Nationally Designated) ), 観音寺(牡丹), 法林寺(大銀杏).トーランス市(アメリカ, 姉妹友好都市), グアム(アメリカ,姉妹友好都市), キャムデン(オーストラリア, 姉妹友好都市), 承徳市(中国,姉妹友好都市), つがる市(青森県,ふるさと交流都市), 綾瀬市(神奈川県, 姉妹友好都市), 只見町(福島県ふるさと交流都市).「下陰をさがして呼ぶや親の馬」小林一茶, 小金原(松戸市): 小金牧,「根芋」; Shoot potatoes are soft-white cultivated taro buds. It is a precious vegetable cultivated only in Kashiwa City, and I have never seen it. We hope to see you again. During the Edo period, there was a lot of boating from Choshi in the Pacific Ocean, going up the Tone River via Sekiyado, going down the Edo River and heading for Edo Bay.  However, there was a shallow water in a part of the “Edo River”, and large ships could not navigate, and it was said that it was a detour in terms of distance. In the Meiji era, the Tone River and the Edo River were short-circuited, and the Tone Canal was planned so that large ships could navigate. Construction began in 1888 and opened in 1890. Designed and directed by Dutch engineer Mr. Lowenhorst Murder. After the death of Mr. Seiichiro Hirose, a canal madman and hydraulic engineer. The Tone Canal has a total length of about 8.5 km and passes through the current three city areas of Kashiwa, Noda, and Nagareyama. The heyday of the canal was around 1910, and since the Taisho era, it has declined with the development of rail freight car transportation. After that, hydraulic control measures began to be taken, and in 1941, the canal was widened and the embankment was raised, and about 6,000 cherry blossom trees peculiar to Japan were cut down. The area along the canal around the “Canal Bridge” was developed as “Canal Waterside Park” in 1987, and is now surrounded by greenery and is a healing place for people who come for cycling or walking. In addition, about 150 cherry blossom trees are planted on both banks of this area, making it a famous place for cherry blossoms and vivid. Along the embankment, there are restaurants, sake breweries, and miso soy sauce shops that were founded in the Meiji and Taisho eras, and many people will feel the history of the canal. In 1911, the Chiba Prefectural Light Railroad (currently Tobu Railway) Noda Line, which connects Kashiwa and Noda, was opened with the investment of Noda's soy sauce brewer. The current “Canal Station” was opened near the intersection with the Tone Canal. Under the bridge, there is a coal storage yard where coal was transported by ship from the Joban area, where it was transshipped to railroad freight cars. 国指定有形文化財(建造物): 旧吉田家住宅, 主屋, 書院, 新座敷, 長屋門, 向蔵, 新蔵, 道具蔵, 西門, 8棟, 花野井, 柏市, 平成22年12月14日, 国指定有形文化財(絵画): 紙本墨画淡彩弄玉仙図, 岩佐勝, 以筆1巻, 柏市柏(千葉市美術館保管), 公益財団法人摘水軒記念文化振興財団, 平成21年7月10日, 県指定有形文化財(建造物): 東海寺本堂 / 楼門 / 鐘楼, 3棟, 布施, 東海寺, 平成18年3月14日, 県指定有形文化財(建造物): 旧手賀教会堂, 1棟, 手賀, 柏市, 平成24年3月16日, 県指定有形文化財(絵画): 聖画3面, 手賀, 日本ハリストス正教会手賀正教会, 平成24年3月16日, 県指定有形文化財(彫刻): 木造大日如来坐像, 1躯, 松ケ崎, 覚王寺, 昭和50年3月28日, 県指定有形文化財(彫刻): 木造阿弥陀如来坐像, 1躯, 増尾, 万福寺, 平成1年3月10日, 県指定有形文化財(彫刻): 木造聖観世音菩薩坐像, 1躯, 柳戸, 弘誓院, 平成3年2月15日, 県指定有形文化財(歴史資料): 妙法蓮華経板木(開結とも), 51枚, 柳戸, 弘誓院, 平成12年2月25日, 県指定無形民俗文化財 : 篠籠田の獅子舞, 篠籠田(西光院), 篠籠田三匹獅子舞保存会, 昭和50年12月12日, 県指定記念物(史跡): 藤ケ谷十三塚, 藤ケ谷, 柏市, 昭和53年2月28日, 県指定記念物(史跡): 北ノ作1 / 2号墳, 片山, 個人, 平成7年3月14日, 国登録有形文化財(建造物): 伊藤家住宅主屋ほか, 6件, 増尾, 個人, 平成30年11月2日, 国登録有形文化財(建造物): 染谷家住宅主屋ほか, 8件, 鷲野谷字稲荷内, 個人, 平成31年3月29日, 国登録記念物(名勝): 旧吉田氏庭園, 花野井字原, 他, 柏市, 平成24年9月19日. “Abiko City”, At present, the oldest documentary “Abiko” that refers to the city of Abiko is the 1313 “尼しんねん譲り” (Miike document: Kashiwa City History Collection) at the end of the Kamakura Period. It is believed that the will on the inheritance of the land) says “Shitsusa no Kunihiko no Mura” (Abiko Village, Shimousa Province). This shows that the city area was called “Abiko” at least in the Kamakura period. According to official documents from the Nara and Heian Periods before that, it was called “Soma District, Shimousa”, and the place name Abiko was not confirmed. In ancient times, “Abiko” was like a family name or surname (kabane), which is related to bloodlines and occupations, and seems to have been used as a personal name. Although the notation is different, the records of the people “阿毘古” and “我孫公” are left. Okimi and the influential tribes of the Yamato region, who had great power in the Japanese archipelago during the Kofun Period (3rd to 7th centuries), took control of the local tribes in each region and lived there under the direct control of abundant land. There is a history of having people pay tribute. At that time, it is speculated that the land and the people living there were named “Abiko”. This is probably the reason why place names and personal names such as “我孫子”, “安孫子”, and “吾孫子” are recognized all over the country, including Osaka and Nara Prefecture. The Suijinyama tumulus (Mt. Kouya, a 69-meter-long front-rear tumulus in the latter half of the 4th century. The largest tumulus in the northwestern part of Chiba prefecture) was built in Abiko. An archaeological excavation was conducted by the University of Tokyo in 1965, and swords and glass tube balls and small balls were excavated. It is thought that there was a person who was connected to the Yamato administration from the early Kofun Period, so it is not left as a letter, but it is thought that the place name was given because of the deep connection with Okimi and the Yamato administration. Abiko in Chiba Prefecture is about 20 m above sea level, the longest north-south extension is about 4 km, the east-west extension is about 14 km, and the area is about 43.15 km2. Geographically, it is located in the northwestern part of Chiba prefecture, with Inzai city in the east, Kashiwa city across Teganuma in the south and west, Tone river in the north, Toride city in Ibaraki prefecture, and Tone town in Kitasoma district. It becomes a long and narrow horseback-shaped land sandwiched between Teganuma and the Tone River, and the nostalgic scenery passes through my head. Abiko Town, Fusa Town, and Kohoku Village merged into Abiko Town in April 1955, and the city system came into effect in July 1970. Blessed with abundant water and greenery, it is about 40 km from the city center and a short distance of 35 minutes on the Joban Line. The role of people who commute to the metropolitan area as a residential area has increased, and my best friend also lives with his beautiful wife. 竹内神社例大祭 ; 布佐: 令和2年2月28日指定, 第18号 - Every year on September 14th, the festival is held for three days, including the holiday of Respect for the Aged Day. There is one shrine portable shrine, and one float and one children's portable shrine in each town. There are many attractions to entertain residents and tourists, such as the shrine where the portable shrine descends down the precincts of Takeuchi Shrine and the float competition where all the floats gather. The designated finding is "A part of the appearance of the town (river bank) that prospered from the early modern period to the modern era in the Fusa area of Abiko city is well conveyed to the present, and it is still the most grand festival in Abiko city, and it is the duty town. It is maintained on a rotating basis. It comes from the viewpoint that it is worth making it a city-designated cultural property as an intangible folk cultural property of the city in telling the history. 白樺文学館; 緑 - From the Taisho era to the early Showa period, Abiko was famous for having many prominent cultural figures such as Naoya Shiga, Saneatsu Mushanokoji, Soetsu Yanagi, and Bernard Leach(Famous as an English ceramist, he contributed to the establishment of the Japan Folk Crafts Museum.). It takes root in the area as a recommended spot related to history. 白樺派 : It is known as one of the literary thoughts that took place around the douujinshi “Shirakaba (Shiga wrote in his diary that Saneatsu Mushanokoji and Naoya Shiga discussed the publication)”, which was first published in 1910. Also, the writers who are thought to have shared that philosophy and style. Among the main members of the Shirakabaha school, Takeo Arishima(生まれ出づる悩み), Rigen Kinoshita(紅玉, 一路), Ton Satomi(極楽とんぼ), Soetsu Yanagi(木喰行道, 妙好人), Torahiko Kori(萱野二十一, 道成寺, 秋夕夢), Yoshiro Nagayo(青銅の基督), and Saneatsu Mushanokoji(荒野, お目出たき人, 人間万歳, 真理先生, 新しき村)are believed to have been ideological central figures. Although it was discontinued in August 1923, it was missed as a literary magazine and art magazine. City Flower: Azalea, Established on July 1, 1970 : Since it is popular with Sakura and resistant to heat and cold, it was designated as a symbol of the growing city on the anniversary of the enforcement of the city system. City Tree: Zelkova, Established on July 1, 1970 : The figure of the tree that rises toward the sky and grows is designated as the anniversary of the enforcement of the city system as an image of the future of the city. “Noda City” : The area is 103.55 km2, and topographically, the Tone River and the Edo River branch off at the northernmost tip of the city, and the Tone River to the east, the Edo River to the west, and the Tone Canal to the south surround the river on three sides. It is about 60 km around this embankment, and it is well known as a natural environment that is ideal for walking and jogging as a cycling course. Form a town rich in history, culture and nature. Looking back on history, the northern part prospered around the castle of the Sekiyado Domain, which had a river barrier as the gateway to the big city of Edo, and the southern part was the soy sauce brewing industry that supported the food culture of “Edokko” along with agriculture. In addition, the soy sauce brewing industry has developed, and even now, the urban area is dotted with buildings from the Taisho Era to the early Showa Period, and it is very emotional. In addition, there is a memorial hall that honors former Prime Minister Kantaro SUZUKI, who led the Pacific War to the end, and Kinjiro SEKINE, the 13th master of modern shogi, who has established a system of talented masters. The Edo Shogunate placed great importance on Sekiyado Castle and placed Fudai Daimyo in Sekiyado for generations. It is well known that the feudal lord lasted for eight families and 23 generations until the end of the Edo period. Among them, Kuze's reign was the longest, and he occupied an important position in the shogunate as he took important positions such as the old and middle ages. Sekiyado Castle in the Edo period hardly exists, but there is a “Chiba Prefectural Sekiyado Castle Museum” that imitates the castle tower, and I have visited it several times. While introducing the history of river improvement and water transportation under the theme of the history of the clan and “Rivers and related industries,” it is an important facility for exhibiting materials related to the people in the basin and the rivers and learning about their hometown. Kantaro SUZUKI was born in Fuseo, Izumi Province (currently Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture), the eldest son of the Sekiyado Domain, Yutetsu SUZUKI(His maiden name is KURAMOCHI, commonly known as Tamenosuke.), and returned to Sekiyado in 1872. It seems that he moved to. In 1923, he was admiral of the Navy, and later served as Commander-in-Chief of the Allied Fleet and Chamberlain of Emperor Showa. He was appointed Prime Minister on April 7, 1945, leading the Pacific War to the end of the war, and although he was in office for only four months, he returned to Sekiyado after a major role and lived a quiet life. In his hometown, it is a famous story that he started the “Agriculture Study Group” focusing on dairy farming using grass on the riverbed and held lectures by specialized lecturers by taking advantage of the characteristics of the area. Therefore, Noda City is still active in dairy farming and takes root in the area. The “Kuntaro Memorial Hall” was opened in 1963 to widely introduce the achievements of the old man, and many relics such as formal wear and daily life items are exhibited, fascinating as a valuable museum. Sekine has been a strong shogi player since he was a child, and by the time he entered elementary school, he had no match for the locals. At the age of 11, he moved to Tokyo with the aim of becoming a professional shogi player, and after repeated training, he was promoted to 4th dan in 1891 and 8th dan in 1905. It was around this time that the third match with Sankichi Sakata, who became the model for the movie “Osho(VS Sankichi SAKATA; 吹けば飛ぶよな 将棋の駒に: コロムビアレコード, The lyrics are Yaso Saijo, the composition is Tooru FUNAMURA, and the song is Hideo MURATA, released in November 1961.)”. This is a Japanese movie released on October 18, 1948, and it is no longer produced. In 1921, after becoming a 13th generation master at the age of 53, he abolished the hereditary system and the whole life master system that had continued for 340 years, and established a championship master system. He laid the foundation for the prosperity of today's shogi world, such as establishing the Japan Shogi Taiseikai, the predecessor of the current Japan Shogi Association, and is widely known as the “father of modern shogi.” As an information dissemination base for shogi, the “關根 Meijin Memorial Hall” constantly displays about 40 items related to masters, and holds about 2,400 books on shogi from the Edo Period to the present day. Next to the memorial hall, there is a 52 tatami mat room where anyone can easily point to shogi, which is unbearable for fans. Knowing Soy Sauce Museum : At the museum opened by “Kikkoman” in the factory, you can enjoy learning about the color, taste, and aroma of soy sauce while observing the factory until the soy sauce is made. 野田市教育委員会(鶴奉) 2021 “令和2年度 野田市内遺跡発掘調査報告” : 上野馬込遺跡, 第15次(花井新田字三丁歩), 宅地造成, 集落, 古墳 / 近世(細分不明) 時代. 山崎貝塚周辺遺跡, 第25次, 分譲宅地, 集落, 縄文時代, 縄文時代土器. 中野台貝塚, 第5次 / 本調査(字行人谷), 個人住宅, 貝塚, 縄文時代, 縄文時代竪穴建物1, 土坑, Pit, 縄文時代: 土器, 縄文時代: 石器. 岡部館跡(山崎字梅台), 宅地造成, 城館, 中世(細分不明), 近世(細分不明) 時代, 古墳時代土坑1, 縄文時代土器, 石器, 古墳時代中期土師器. 東新田野馬土手(山崎字殿山), 戸建分譲, 中世(細分不明), 近世(細分不明) 時代, 中世~近世野馬堀1. 山崎貝塚周辺遺跡, 第26次, 個人, 集落, 縄文. 岩名新屋敷遺跡(字宮田), 個人住宅, 縄文 / 中世(細分不明), 近世(細分不明) 時代, 中近世溝1, 縄文時代土器, 中近世土師質土器. 溜井遺跡, 第4次(吉春字溜井), 駐車場, 縄文 / 中世(細分不明), 近世(細分不明) 時代, 中近世塚1. Excerpt from Noda City's homepage, Carolina horsenettle; Solanum carolinense, which was labeled as a bad eggplant. It feels sorry to see it blooming pretty, but contrary to its beauty, there are many sharp spines on the stems and leaves, and it seems to be very painful to touch it. In addition, the fertility is strong, and the torn rhizomes and roots are revived immediately after only a few centimeters remain, so it seems that eradication will be difficult if they invade at once. Therefore, it is said that we are bad. It grows normally throughout the city. It seems to be especially common in places that are easily affected by human activities, such as urban areas, agricultural lands, and riverbeds. The place of origin is said to be North America, and it seems that they came to Japan with grass at the end of the Meiji era. It is the same family as the vegetable eggplant, and sometimes it produces yellow round fruits after the flowers, but this is inedible. Also, the source of strong fertility seems to be the rhizome that runs horizontally in the ground. When this is torn, it seems that the torn rhizomes will be revived and begin to grow. When the soil is cultivated, it breaks apart and spreads over a wide area, and it seems that it will become even more energetic and unmanageable. The flower color is pale bluish purple, and the shade of the color seems to differ depending on the strain. There is also a strain that bears white flowers, which seems to be called Shirobana horsenettle. It is a perennial and has a long rhizome. The stem is 40-70 m high, bends at each node, and has tan spines. The leaves are velvety dense with stellate hairs on both sides and have sparse spines on the central vein. The flower branches have several to 10 flowers per node. The corolla is sharp and has hair on the back, the corolla is 5 fissures, 2.5 cm in diameter, white to pale purple, and yellow and longer than the filament. Fruits are spherical, 1.5 cm, orange-yellow when ripe. Chromosome number 2n = 24.



It seems that there are many high-temperature species such as melons and eggplants that originate in the tropics and subtropics. In addition, it seems that the harvest period under natural conditions is limited for strawberries due to their short-day nature and dormancy. For these reasons, it seems that the cultivation of fruits and vegetables in a facility that controls the environment using hothouses, greenhouses, etc. was quickly introduced and progressed. As a result, forcing cultivation, semi-forcing cultivation, seasonal cultivation, tunnel precocious, precocious, and normal cultivation in the open field have been developed using the facility, and many fruit vegetables can be produced year-round. The season for this excellent produce is from early summer to early autumn. It will start lining up in stores around June. In addition to the general eggplant "Senryo eggplant", a round shape "round eggplant", a long "long eggplant", a chunky light green "blue eggplant" (general term with a greenish skin color), etc. Actually, there seem to be many kinds.

Northern part of the prefecture: Located in the northwestern part of Chiba prefecture, it consists of 6 cities, Matsudo city, Noda city, Kashiwa city, Nagareyama city, Abiko city, and Kamagaya city. Adjacent to Saitama Prefecture and Tokyo. The area is 379.22 km2, which is about 7.4% of the total area of ​​Chiba prefecture, and the population is about 1.52 million, accounting for 24.2% of the total population of Chiba prefecture. Housing development, including the construction of large-scale housing estates, has progressed since the 1955s, and many commuters and students live in Tokyo as a commuter town in the center of Tokyo. In the olden days, it seems that the area is thriving with commerce and industry due to the use of water transportation in the Edo and Tone river systems such as Noda's soy sauce and Nagareyama's sweet sake, and after the war, due to the development of railways and road networks that were developed along with high economic growth. On the other hand, urban agriculture that makes the best use of high productivity is also being developed against the background of large consumption areas in the metropolitan area, and green onions, pear, spinach, turnip, green soybeans, etc. are proud of the top class production in the whole country and are well known.


March 15, 2022, Noda City homepage updated. Continuing from this year, it seems that the basic water charges for two months (July and August meter reading) will be fully exempted in 2022 for the purpose of reducing the financial burden on the citizens. In addition, we have been considering a support system centered on young couples without children, in order to target households that have not been the target of financial support so far, not limited to support measures related to the new coronavirus. , It is difficult to set the target requirements for each of those households, and there is concern about the future due to the new coronavirus infection and the high prices caused by Russia's military invasion of Ukraine. Since the feeling of blockage is widespread among the citizens, the support that should be provided now should be prioritized to reduce the financial burden on the citizens widely without specifying the target. In 2022, it seems that two more months (September and October meter reading) will be added, and the basic water charge for a total of four months will be exempted in full.

Monday, May 9, 2022

Former President Moon Jae-in may remember controversial remarks like yesterday, even on Independence Day, when the people should be united. At the ceremony on August 15, he claims that South Korea was founded in 1919. Two years later, he surprised the people around him as he celebrated the 100th anniversary of the founding of the country. It was in 1948 that South Korea officially became independent and Syngman Rhee became the first president. Since then, it is an internationally recognized fact that the same year is the year of the founding of the country, and Moon has been appointed as the 19th president counting from Lee. Nevertheless, it is speculated that the statement's claim to "established the country in 1919" was supported by his supporters, anti-Japanese independence movement officials and liberals. They claimed that 1919, when citizens of the Korean Peninsula seeking independence from Japan established a caretaker government in Shanghai, China, was the year of the founding of the country. Establishing a temporary government of the Republic of Korea, "Political ideology (individual ethnic groups decide their attribution, political organization, political fate, and other races based on their own will," advocated in World War I. Or the collective right not to allow interference from other nations) , the process of globalization in Japan, China, the United States, Europe, and Russia, the possibility of socialism that created North Korea, and the division of North and South Korea. Impact of. The dynamism of a business politician who has little Japanese will and trust.

Prime Minister Fumio Kishida said on the morning of May 9, 2022, "There is a difficult problem between Japan and South Korea, but it cannot be left as it is. It is basic to keep the promise between the countries. However, I would like to proceed with efforts based on Japan's consistent position, "he told reporters. Before leaving, Foreign Minister Hayashi emphasized to reporters, "I want to make this an important opportunity to communicate closely with the new South Korean government." The Japanese Foreign Minister has visited South Korea since 2018. Given that President Yoon is eager to improve Japan-South Korea relations, Hayashi seems to confirm his policy of communicating with the next administration. It seems that they are also expected to agree to strengthen cooperation between the three countries of Japan, the United States and South Korea over the situation in North Korea. There were voices from the South Korean side expecting the Prime Minister to attend, but it seems that the Japanese side decided that it was premature because no concrete actions could be seen due to the issue of former recruitment workers and comfort women. Hayashi is expected to communicate this situation and encourage correction. Kishida said that he strongly feels the importance of cooperation between Japan, South Korea, Japan, the United States and South Korea in the face of a situation where the foundation of the international order may be shaken. However, some Japanese have not yet established the Korean government, and the fact that there are only two members is a private citizen. The US government hasn't met with the South Korean delegation, and it would be nice if it was at the parliamentary level, but it would be strange for the prime minister of one country to coordinate. He states that Japan has no international standards or standards. In addition, the radar was locked on and the muzzle was hit on the head for the fact that the Korean side did not apologize for many problems such as former comfort women, former recruiters, and radar irradiation, and no countermeasures were shown. Is it okay to do that in East Asia? Takeshima Islands problem, recruitment work (recruitment work) and piles, that is the root. The fact that the government meets the delegation over there, neglecting it, laments Prime Minister Kishida's sweet attitude as to how much Japan is a mass of kindness. However, after the Golden Week holidays, a new president will be born in neighboring South Korea. Yoon Seok-you's inauguration ceremony is May 10, 2022. The calendar seems to be eager to improve the cold Japan-Korea relations. Therefore, before the holidays, he sent a policy council delegation headed by Chung Jin-soo, the vice-chairman of the Diet, to Japan. The focus was on whether or not we could meet with Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida.

【Product name】
Fava bean
【Type】
Vicia faba L.
【Producing area】
All over Saga Prefecture (JA Group Saga)
【Origin of the name】
空豆: When the fruit is immature, it grows toward the sky and gradually turns downward as it ripens. 蚕豆: It grows when you start growing silk moths, and the shape of the pods resembles that of silk moths. Other names are “天豆, 雪割豆” etc.
【Major features】
In mid-March 2022, JA Kyosairen Saga is giving Saga Prefecture an eco-bag(A role like a substitute for shopping bags for storing products in surprise chains, supermarkets, and convenience stores)with reflective materials in an attempt to reduce accidents from night to dawn, when people often suffer traffic damage. JA Kyosairen Saga has been donating traffic safety goods to the prefecture since 2021, and this time it donated 4000 eco-bags with reflective materials to reduce traffic accidents for the elderly and children from night to dawn. The eco-bag is decorated with the prefecture's traffic safety character, "Manya", and seems to be calling for a hand sign to raise the hand when walking on a pedestrian crossing. Eco-bags were distributed to the elderly and children at traffic events through cities and towns in the prefecture. According to the people concerned, the eco-bag with reflective material was donated with the hope that pedestrians could easily find it. I heard that there are only a few cases, and I hope that the number of traffic accidents will be reduced. In 2021, 23 people died in a traffic accident in the prefecture, and 7 of them seemed to have been walking from night to dawn. Saga Prefecture has a long history of strawberry cultivation, and there is a record that open-field cultivation was introduced in Furueda, Kashima City and Higashisefuri Village, Kanzaki District (currently Yoshinogari Town) in 1925, and cultivation was flourishing. From around 1955, tunnel cultivation and vinyl mulch became widespread, and it seems that varieties such as Danner strawberry, Fukuba strawberry, and Yachiyo strawberry were cultivated. At the beginning of the 1965s, the introduction of pipe greenhouses progressed throughout the prefecture, and after the rice production adjustment in 1970, the planting expanded at a stretch rice field. It seems that it was around this time that the short-term stock cooling system was established as a technique for introducing pot seedlings and early delivery within the year. When "Toyonoka strawberry" appeared in 1983, the production of strawberries increased dramatically, and it seems that the system sales reached 10 billion yen in 1988 in combination with plant cold cultivation. In 1990, electric lighting and warmers became widespread in earnest, and in 1996, system sales reached 13 billion yen, and in 1997, six new records were set in terms of quantity, amount, unit price, unit yield, etc. Around this time, studies on alternative varieties of "Toyonoka strawberry" began, and large fruit varieties such as "Sachinoka strawberry" and "eyeberry strawberry" were also cultivated. In 1998, a new variety "Sagahonoka strawberry" bred at the Saga Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Research Center (Kitakawasoe Town, Saga City) appeared, and its large fruit system, high yield, fruit shape and good taste became popular. It seems that the cultivar conversion has begun from the western Yokotsuna "Toyonoka strawberry" that has continued for more than 10 years to "Sagahonoka strawberry". In 2002, more than 90% of the prefecture's crops were replaced with "Sagahonoka strawberry" and "Sachinoka strawberry", and the era of "Toyonoka strawberry" in Saga prefecture has come to an end. It seems that the problems when "Toyonoka strawberry" was in its heyday were the decrease in packing work efficiency due to the low rate of excellent products, long-distance transportation, and the low unit price due to the occurrence of damaged fruits in the warm season. For the pain and scratches of fruits in the warm season, it seems that the producers will be burdened with the work that requires the utmost care, such as leaf protection and ball-out work in the field, early morning harvesting, and thorough pre-cooling. In addition, the inefficiency of packing work due to the disorder of fruit shape affected the peak harvest season, and it seems that many producers suffered from continuous packing all night long. "Sagahonoka strawberry" bred at the Saga Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Research Center is an original variety of Saga Prefecture that has "Onishiki strawberry", which is a large fruit type, and "Toyonoka strawberry", which has excellent taste. Its characteristics are that it is a large fruit with little acidity and that the fruit is firm and has little damage. In addition, it seems that the flower buds are differentiated quickly within the year and there is no need for early-delivery treatment such as night chilling and stock chilling, and the continuity of the fruit bunches is high and there are few waves of harvest. Due to the high rate of excellent products in big balls, packing work is much faster than "Toyonoka strawberry", and some producers are expanding the planted area. In addition, it seems that the good shape of the fruit was a tailwind because it has great merits such as high efficiency when introducing the package center. "Sagahonoka strawberry" is more vulnerable to anthracnose and epidemics than "Toyonoka strawberry". It seems that it was. Therefore, we have introduced an elevated bench raising seedlings so that the seedlings will not be soaked in water. Also, it seems that they are promoting the update to Disease-free parent plant. It seems that the disease-free parent strain purchases the original seedlings from the Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Research Center and proliferates and distributes them at flower seedling farmers equipped with a rain shelter bench seedling raising facility in the jurisdiction. It seems that the field will be analyzed for soil after harvesting, PH and EC will be measured, and soil preparation for the next year will be considered. It seems that the original fertilizer and soil preparation are adjusted for each individual by grasping the pH abnormality and excess components. Recently, as more and more farmers are introducing no-till farming to save labor and reduce costs, I hear that they are considering fertilization for no-till farming. Strawberries are painful and delicate fruits, so it seems that they are very careful in handling them from harvest to on the shelves. Each one is carefully harvested by hand and transported to each farmer's pre-cooler before the temperature of the fruit rises. It seems that the farmers carry the fruits from the pre-cooler to the joint fruit sorting area and sort the fruits speedily. In early spring, when the temperature rises, early morning harvest and post-harvest pre-cooling seem to be important. It seems that the product temperature does not rise by paying attention to temperature control during packing work and shipping. Since it takes two days to transport from Saga prefecture to the Kanto market, if proper pre-cooling management is neglected from harvest to shipment, damage will occur immediately, so it seems that special attention is paid to the coming season when the temperature rises. At the time of shipment, specialized inspectors and club members perform visual inspections one pack at each strawberry collection point, striving to prevent the contamination of painful fruits and accident products, and it seems that they have an inspection system that allows them to sell with confidence. About 50% of the shipping destinations are in the Kanto area, and it seems that they are shipping to other areas in the Kansai, Chugoku and Shikoku areas. "Sagahonoka strawberry" has a high rate of excellence and large balls, and it seems that 2L / L is the main product in the 300 g regular pack. In addition to the 300 g regular pack, it seems that 400 g flat packs and 500 g cosmetic boxes are also shipped mainly during the gift demand period. "Saga no Broad bean" : The origin is not well-established, but what appears to be a wild species has been found south of the Caspian Sea and in North Africa. Historically, there are records of cultivation in ancient Egypt and Greece, which means that humans have an old relationship of about 4000 to 5000 years. Therefore, it has become popular all over the world and has become an indispensable ingredient. It seems that there is a theory that it came from China via the Silk Road at the time of Emperor Shomu(The first prince of Emperor Monmu(天之真宗豊祖父天皇). 天璽国押開豊桜彦天皇, 勝宝感神聖武皇帝, 沙弥勝満; Fujiwara no Miyako is her mother; 髪長姫伝説 竹取物語)in the Nara period, but the truth is uncertain. As an actual record, it first appeared in Tashikihen in the Edo period under the name of broad beans. Razan HAYASHI(又三郎, 道春)edition.Ming Lin Zhaoke-Ko wrote the flora and fauna in “The Classic of Poetry” from the classification.In the already read eyes, more than 440 titles are listed, and in addition to Chinese classical studies, there are various Chinese books such as Hundred Schools of Morocco, history books, geography, military art, and Honzo. It can be seen that the academic ability was high. It is said to be the oldest agricultural product in the world, and is produced and loved in a wide area from North Africa to the Mediterranean coast and Asia. There are different ways to eat it, and in Japan it is the mainstream to boil it in salt and eat it as it is. Speaking of Issun broad beans, “Ryosai Issun broad beans” is a nationally famous variety, but the prefecture has been strongly working on the cultivation of a new variety “Ai no Sora(From the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries variety registration website, Vicia faba L .: Application number, 20843, Application date, 2007/03/27, Application publication date, 2007/08/03, Registration number, 18295, Registration date Date, 2009/06/25, Duration of breeder's right, 25 years, Date of extinction of breeder's right, Name and address of breed registrant, Ehime prefecture (Ichiban Town, Matsuyama City): Breeding of registered varieties Name of the person who did it, Mr. Kenji Nagai, Mr. Yasuo Toi, Restrictions on exports No designated country. Outline of the characteristics of the plant of the registered varieties: Medium grass vigor, medium plant height, medium grass shape, slightly high number of divisional techniques, slightly large number of effective divisional techniques, long internode length, medium stem anthocyanin , Leaf size is a little small, Leaf color is green, Flower color is mostly white, Bottom pod node position is medium, pod density is a little honey, pod number is a little small, pod length is long, The width of the pod is quite large, the thickness of the pod is medium, the weight of the pod is heavy, the color of the pod is medium, the pod is medium, the constriction of the pod is large, the number of seats is 2.5 or more and less than 3.0, the actual number of grains. 2.0 or more, less than 2.5, blue fruit length is quite long, blue fruit width is quite wide, blue fruit weight is heavy, blue fruit greenness is medium, seed umbilical color is black, seed coat The color is light brown, the beginning of flowering is a little early, and the pods are harvested a little early. The application cultivar “Ai no Sora” is distinguished from the control cultivar “Ryosai Issun” in that the weight of the pods is heavier and the weight of the fruits is heavier. Compared to the control variety “Uchikoshi Issun”, the weight of the pods is heavier and the weight of the green fruits is heavier)” cultivated at the Ehime Prefectural Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research Institute since 2007. I'm out. This broad bean is a traditional Ehime vegetable that is well-known nationwide for its good taste. “Shimizu Issun” Broad Beans from Johoku - Born in Shimizu Town, Matsuyama City. It seems that it was born by repeating mating and selection. It is a large grain, and when you eat it, a slight sweetness spreads in your mouth, and you can enjoy a smooth, powdery taste. From now on, as a variety unique to Ehime prefecture, producers (workers) will continue to grow with love and hope that they will contribute to Japanese agriculture. For sowing and thinning, put a mulch film on the ridge width of 1 m and a spacing of 30 to 40 cm, and make a planting hole from above. Two seeds are planted in one place, and the ohaguro (black part) is placed diagonally downward and inserted into the soil. When it germinates and the number of true leaves is about 2, leave the ones that grow well and thin them out. If you pull it out as it is, it may damage the roots you leave, so it seems better to cut it from the roots with scissors. Pruning and topdressing Approximately three and a half months after planting, when the plant height is approximately 30 cm and 5 to 6 side branches appear, buds are sown. Leave 3 or 4 thick branches and take the rest. When the height reaches about 70 cm, pinch the tip of the stem and stop the growth. After pinching, to prevent the stock from falling, put up a support around it and surround it with a string. For top dressing, when the plant height reaches 20 to 30 cm, sprinkle chemical fertilizer on the root of the plant and bring it to the soil. It seems that it is the right time to harvest when the pods that grew up facing down hang down and become glossy and the spine becomes dark. This excellent produce has a short harvest time, so be careful not to miss the timing. It seems that winter is over when seeds are sown in late autumn and 5 to 6 authentic leaves are produced.



There seems to be a theory that the place of origin is the Middle East, Central Asia, the Mediterranean coast, etc. It is one of the oldest cultivated legumes, and I heard that it began to be cultivated around 5000 BC and was introduced to Europe, Africa and China. It is unknown when it was introduced to Japan, but it seems to have a record in the 17th century. The varieties are medium and small grain varieties for seed processing, wase varieties for fruits and vegetables (such as "Boso wase"), long pod varieties (such as "Sanuki long pod") and large grain varieties ("kawachi one inch", "Ryosai one inch", etc.) Seems to be roughly divided. Currently, medium and small grain seeds are rarely cultivated in Japan, and the reality is that dried grains are imported from China and other countries. Most of the fruits and vegetables are large grains, and it seems that they are mostly produced in warm regions such as Kagoshima and Chiba. Autumn sowing is common, sowing in October-November and harvesting in May-June. In warm summer sowing, low-temperature treated seeds are sown in September and harvested from December to April using the facility. In cold regions, it seems to be harvested in spring from June to July. This excellent produce has a high protein content and appears to be high in vitamins B1, B2, C and dietary fiber. Recent studies have externally recognized the presence of antioxidants and the effect of suppressing blood pressure rise.

How to release Cecidomyiidae to broad beans with broad bean aphids: A method of introducing an open breeding system for natural enemies in the facility and releasing natural enemies continuously for a long period of time, or pests using this It's a control method. Even before the invasion of pests into the facility is recognized, such as in the early stages of crop growth, the natural enemies are maintained with alternative baits and their host plants, and the pests that invade the facility are ambushed and have a low density that does not cause damage. Technology that aims to control pests in the meantime. It seems that the alternative bait should not be a pest for the crops in the facility. It also seems to introduce its host plant to maintain alternative diets. It seems that this is called a bunker plant. It seems good to choose this bunker plant that does not have the same pests as the crop. When nectar and pollen are used as food for natural enemies, bunker plants seem to serve as alternative food. Epiphytic bunker plants of alternative hosts are called bunker because they serve as banks of natural enemies. It seems that the timing of release is difficult for inoculatory release, in which natural enemies are released after discovering pests. Especially for whiteflies and aphids, which grow quickly, if the release timing is delayed, natural enemies will not be able to suppress the growth of pests and damage will occur. However, if the natural enemies are released before the pests are absent, the natural enemies will die and be wasted. It seems that monitoring to determine the timing of this release is also laborious. It seems that there are natural enemy release methods that make up for these shortcomings, such as the dribble method, which releases natural enemies periodically, the sowing feeding method, which releases pests and natural enemies in a planned manner, and the "bunker method".
Again, it is said that the Mediterranean and Southwest Asia are the origins, and it seems that they have been excavated from the Neolithic ruins of Israel. Before the spread of common beans, broad beans seemed to have been a staple food in ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome. Currently, it is cultivated in South America, North America, Uganda, Sudan, etc., and it seems that the finest products are cultivated in Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China. As for the usage of paddy fields in Saga prefecture, soybeans and vegetables (strawberry, asparagus, okra, broad beans, etc.) can be mentioned as crops to be converted in addition to paddy rice.