Yawatahama City, Ehime Prefecture is located at the base of the Sadamisaki Peninsula at the western end of Ehime Prefecture, facing Kyushu across the Bungo Channel (Uwa Sea), and is a port town boasting one of the highest landings in Shikoku. Warm climate and terraced field (A field created in a staircase on a slope such as a hillside. It seems to be found in a densely populated area on a flat land. In the case of paddy fields, it is called a terraced rice field.) Setouchi Citrus cultivation that makes the best use of the coastal topography of the sea is flourishing, including branded oranges known throughout the country such as “Hinomaru”, “Maana”, “Kawakami”, “Mitsuru”, and in recent years “Beni Madonna” “Setoka”, “Kanpei”, etc. It is known as the number one citrus kingdom in Japan for citrus production. No, it is a world-famous production area.
【Product name】
Japanese Fuji persimmon
【Type】
Diospyros kaki Thunb.
【Production area】
Yawatahama City, Ehime Prefecture
【Origin of the name】
Cultivation began in 1928, the year of the enthronement of the Emperor Showa, and it is said that the persimmon was named after the shape of Mt. Fuji, which is characterized by its divine red color and sweetness.
【Major features】
Japan's proud Mt. Fuji was designated as a World Cultural Heritage by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, UNESCO in June 2013. The name of Mt. Fuji seems to have been expressed in various ways since ancient times. The most common is “Fujiyama”. It seems to mean the one and only high peak that cannot be compared with others. It seems that it means that there is no end of snow on the top of the mountain all year round, but it seems that there is no snow on Mt. Fuji in the summer. It seems that he may have expressed that he never runs out of size. It is famous for the song “Tagonoura Yu, if you look at it out of the house, it's pure white, and the snow falls on the inexhaustible Takamine” by Yamanobe no Akahito in the Manyoshu. Manyo Song Monument in Fujinokuni Tagonoura Minato Park: A song that overlooks Mt. Fuji, carved into eight stone pillars of Matsuno stone (commonly known as “bale stone”) from Minami Matsuno, Fuji City, and arranged in the shape of Mt. Fuji. The inscription seems to be from the Jingu Bunko Hon Manyoshu (Jingu Bunko collection), which is believed to be a copy of 1546. It seems that the cultural value of the inscription is enhanced by engraving the manuscript Man'yogana as it is. It seems that this monument was erected in 1983 at Tagonoura Harbor Fuji Pier (former ferry terminal) after the place name “Tagonoura”. In 2012, it was relocated to the “Fujinokuni Tagonoura Minato Park” that was maintained by Shizuoka Prefecture at that time, and is now popular with visitors to the park. In addition to this, it seems that the characters “Fushi” and “Fuji” are used in the Manyoshu, but since Man'yogana is a kind of Ateji, it seems that it was only called “Fuji”. “Mt. Fuji” seems to come from the legend of immortality, like the story of Taketori（Princess from the Moon, The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter: The story of the Heian period. One volume. “Genji Story” has “Princess Kaguya Legend” (area overgrown with weeds) and “Taketori's old man” (picture-matching (with card games,etc.）), and is titled “Taketori Old Man Story”. There seems to be a manuscript. The date of establishment and the author are unknown, but it is believed that it was created by male intellectuals between Jogan (859-877) and Engi (901-923) in the first half of the 10th century.）. Some people say that the name "Fukujuyama" has become dull, and that the name comes from ”Fujiyama”, but both seem to be letters. Today's writing of “Mt. Fuji” means a mountain rich in samurai, and is thought to be from the Kamakura period when Bushido developed. Regarding the origin of the name, there seems to be a theory that it came from the Ainu word “funchi” (god of fire = volcano) and the Malay word “fuji” (wonderful). It is believed that Mt. Fuji is called “Fuyo; Nelumbo nucifera” because of the shape of the summit crater. The current shape of Mt. Fuji is formed by three generations of volcanic activity: Mt. Ashitaka / Koomitake volcano, Old fuji volcano, and Shinfuji volcano. It seems that Koomitake volcano stopped its activity more than 100,000 years ago. Old fuji Volcano is the volcano that became the foundation of Mt. Fuji today, and is said to have been active from about 100,000 to 10,000 years ago. The activity of New Fuji volcano, which formed the current Mt. Fuji, is said to have started about 10,000 years ago, and it is believed that more than 100 eruptions were repeated during the 10,000 years leading up to the 1707 Hoei eruption. That's it. Around 10 am on December 16, 1707 (Sun history), Mt. Fuji erupted from the southeastern slope, and the eruption smoke rose to 20,000 m above the sky. Traces of this eruption still remain as the “Hoei crater”. The eruption continued intermittently for 16 days until dawn on December 31, and lapilli and ash were carried by the westerly wind and poured into northeastern Shizuoka prefecture, Kanagawa prefecture, Tokyo, and the Boso Peninsula more than 100 km away. It seems. In Subashiri Village (Oyama Town, Shizuoka Prefecture) at the eastern foot of Mt. Fuji, 37 houses were burned down by the hot volcanic rocks that fell, and the remaining 39 houses seemed to have collapsed due to the weight of volcanic ash exceeding 3 m and repeated volcanic earthquakes. In Minasegawa Village (Yamakita Town, Ashigarakami District, Kanagawa Prefecture), I heard that 12 out of 80 villages collapsed due to ash fall of 80 to 90 cm. A large amount of volcanic ash fell on the town of Edo (Tokyo), and it became dark even in the daytime, and it was said that candles had to be lit. It seems that the ash fall that accumulated 2 to 5 cm became fine dust with each strong wind and soared, and many people suffered from respiratory diseases and even suffered from sequelae. The death toll from the eruption has not been recorded, but it took years to remove the volcanic ash that had accumulated on the cultivated land even after the eruption. The river into which the volcanic ash flowed rises, causing frequent flooding, which seems to have afflicted farmers for a long time. The Hoei eruption is called a “Plinian eruption（(Italian Vulcanian eruption) An eruption that is more violent than an eruption that feels like an explosion that blows sticky lava fragments far away, and erupts with a height of 10 km or more）”, and when magma is pushed up from an underground magma chamber, the pressure decreases and foams, and a huge amount of volcanic stones, volcanic ash, and volcanic gas are blown out. However, it seems that the magma did not leak. In the past, it seems that magma was leaked in the “Strombolian eruption（An eruption of less sticky basalt and andesite magma splashing from the crater every few seconds to tens of seconds）”. It has not been clarified what kind of pattern the next eruption of Mt. Fuji will be, but in the “Mt. Fuji Volcano Disaster Prevention Map” (hazard map) created in 2004, the area where the crater can occur, the range where lava flows, and the debris flow are shown. It seems that the range of occurrence has been specified. The scale is so large that there are records that a large amount of volcanic ash has accumulated in the town of Edo. The lateral volcano (elevation 2,693m) created at this time is called Mt. Hoei. Mt. Fuji is the standard Mt. Fuji seen from the Shizuoka side, and Mt. Hoei is located on the right shoulder. However, it seems that Mt. Hoei can be seen in front in Susono City, and on the left side in Gotenba City and Oyama Town. By the way, it seems that Mt. Hoei cannot be seen from the northern part of Fujinomiya City or the Yamanashi Prefecture side, which is just west or north of Mt. Fuji. The time when the activity of New-Fuji volcano started corresponds to the early Jomon period, and it seems that human beings lived around Mt. Fuji. The 1707 Hoei eruption is said to have been the last and largest eruption of recorded history. The country of origin of persimmon is China, which is endemic to Southeast Asia. It is reported that it was mainly native to the Yangtze River basin. It is said that the name of the persimmon was already mentioned in the Kojiki and Nihon Shoki, which are said to have been introduced to Japan around the Nara period and were written around this time. It was cultivated in the Heian period and was presented as a Dried persimmon. It has been cultivated in various parts of Japan since ancient times, and its name differs depending on the region, and it seems that it had a very rare influence on the climate and folk culture. In Ehime prefecture, it is said to be the birthplace of “Fujigaki persimmon” and “Hachiya, Minokamo city, Gifu prefecture”, and is called “Hachiyagaki persimmon”. “Fuji Persimmon” was found in 1927 at the farm of “Mr. Saburozaemon Benjo” in Yawatahama, Ehime Prefecture, and a large and fast-colored one was discovered in “Hachiyagaki Persimmon”, and this branch was grafted. I heard that it was propagated. It seems that the distribution of seedlings began the following year. It is a persimmon that has been cultivated since 1928, the year of the enthronement of the Emperor Showa, and is characterized by its divine red color and sweetness. Ehime Prefecture “Ehime / Nanyo Citrus Agricultural System” (Region: Uwajima City, “Yawatahama City”, Seiyo City, Ikata Town, Ainan Town) However, on February 15, 2019, it was certified as a Japanese agricultural heritage. This is a system in which the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries certifies areas (agriculture, forestry and fisheries systems) that operate important and traditional agriculture, forestry and fisheries in Japan. Although it is a certified standard, the agriculture, forestry and fisheries system to be applied for contributes to the food and livelihood security of the local community. Agricultural biodiversity applies The agricultural, forestry and fisheries system is rich in biodiversity and genetic resources that are globally important for food and agriculture. Local traditional knowledge system The local traditional knowledge system provides “regional valuable and traditional knowledge and customs”, “original adaptive technology” and “agricultural, forestry and fisheries industries such as biophasic, land and water”. Maintaining a “supporting natural resource management system”. Culture, values and social organization The cultural identity and climate associated with the agricultural, forestry and fishery system to be applied for are firmly established and belong to the region. Characteristics of landscapes and seascapes, having landscapes and seascapes that have developed over the years through the interaction between humankind and the environment. Resilience to change, In Japan, where there are many natural disasters, many agriculture, forestry and fishery systems have endured natural disasters and responded to changes over the long history. Maintaining high resilience to disasters, etc. in order to preserve the agriculture, forestry and fishery system and pass it on to the next generation. Participation of various actors, participation of various actors as well as local residents in order to maintain and revitalize traditional agriculture, forestry and fisheries and related culture and ecosystem conservation systems in response to the decrease of bearers and social changes Inheriting the agriculture, forestry and fisheries system through a new system by. Promote the Sixth sector, utilize the historical value of the agriculture, forestry and fishery industry system, agriculture, forestry and fishery products, traditional culture, landscape, etc., and revitalize the region by promoting the branding of agricultural products and the promotion of tourism, etc. It is mentioned that the agriculture, forestry and fishery industry system is being preserved. Fuji persimmons are astringent at the time of harvest, are de-astringent processed with alcohol, and are shipped as regional brand persimmons. Compared to other varieties of persimmon, Fuji persimmon has few seeds and few fibers, so you can enjoy a mellow texture and elegant taste, so it is also popular as a gift. It's a method of removing astringency, but it's a good idea to stuff the persimmon calyx and calyx together in the tool. When packing, be careful not to scratch it. After stuffing, sprinkle shochu over the entire surface. Place a newspaper or a different straw on the surface and cover it to absorb the evaporated water. It is recommended to completely seal with adhesive tape. Place in a warm place for about 6 days. Spread the persimmons out in a straw mat and dry them. If the fruits are large or small, it is effective to pack the large ones on the bottom and the small ones on the top. It seems that you can use pharmacy alcohol instead of distilled spirits（Shochu）. In this case, 150 cc of 30% alcohol is used per 10 kg of astringent persimmon. When the material is scarce, it seems that you can also use a plastic bag. Put shochu on the calyx of the persimmon, stuff it in a plastic bag, and seal it. Place this bag in a warm place in the sunlight or hang it. Atagogaki, Hagakuregaki, Yokonogaki, etc. are hard to come off, so put a plastic bag (0.1 mm) in the tool and pack the persimmons. Let's explain the origin of special products, though it is simple. ”Yawatahama City”, Ehime Prefecture”, It is located in the western part of the prefecture, at the base of the Cape Sadamisaki Peninsula, with a total area of 132.65 km2. The north faces the Seto Inland Sea, and the east is Ozu City. Adjacent to Seiyo City in the south and Ikata Town in the west. The southern half of the west side is for Kyushu across the Bungo Channel (Uwa sea). The coastline forms a rias coastline（A submergent coastline with a complex narrow bay.）. Scenic landscape. City flower: Narcissus L. (1753)（Narcissus tazetta bulb）, It grows naturally in the mountains throughout the city, and the fragrance and appearance of the flowers symbolize the city. The place name is from the Yoro era (717-724), and it is said that the origin is that Hachiman Ogami（From samurai families nationwide, such as Seiwa Genji and Kanmu Taira, the god of luck (the god of martial arts) “Yumiya Hachiman”） was erected on the beach of this place. The district was based on the delta area of the Senjo River that runs through the center, and reclamation work was already carried out during the Tensho era (1573-1592). Since then, the city has been expanded from sea to sea due to repeated landfills. Goby（Gobioidei）cultivation and shipping industry have been active in the former Honai area since the Edo period. In the Meiji era, commerce and industry such as mining, shipping, and spinning developed under the new government's policy of promoting the breeding industry. “The development of the wholesale market for marine products and the expansion of production of mandarin oranges and other citrus fruits”. After World War II, the fishing industry developed dramatically and is famous as a base for the trawl fishery. After that, while expanding the facility as a connecting port connecting Kyushu and Shikoku, the production of citrus fruits, mainly mandarin oranges, will become the main crop of the city. In the latter half of the 1970s, the fish market facilities in Okishinden were improved and it became a popular marine product distribution base. From 1980, the Nanyo Water Supply Authority started supplying water supply, and the water shortage in summer was alleviated. On March 28, 2005, the former Yawatahama City and the former Honai Town will be added to create a new Yawatahama City.
It is sweetened by obtaining a manufacturing process that changes tannin from soluble to insoluble by treating it with alcohol such as shochu. The flesh is smooth orange and seems to have few black spots (skibuol) and seeds compared to other persimmons. Tannin (a method that efficiently decomposes into fragments with mercaptoethanol) is a type of polyphenol that is the main component of persimmon astringency, and has antibacterial and antiviral effects that inactivate pathogens such as influenza, norovirus, and O-157. Seems to be considered.
It is a native variety and is also called “Koshu Hyakume Persimmon”. It is a bell-shaped astringent persimmon, and it is a big fruit that weighs more than 500 g. Currently, in Japan, it is the fourth largest persimmon variety in Japan after “Fuyu”, “Hiratanenashi”, and “Wase Tone”, with a 6% share. It is mainly made in Fukushima, Miyagi and Yamanashi prefectures.
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