Yukimura participated in the war as a Toyotomi clan and was called “the best soldier in Japan” for the first time in a battle that put Ieyasu in a difficult situation, but there is also a theory that he “gentlely extended his head” around the end. In recent years, a copy of a letter written by Munetsugu NISHIO, the gunner of the Echizen Matsudaira family who participated in the 1615 summer camp as Tokugawa, was confirmed at the Fukui Prefectural Library. I heard that it was done. During the Siege of Osaka, he served Ieyasu's grandson, Tadanao Matsudaira. In the letter he sent to another vassal, Jinzaemon YAMAGAMI, during the Genna year, four to seven years after the summer camp, he said, “I met Mr. Sanada at the horse's tip of the lord, met him, and captured him. I will give it to the lord paramount (Ieyasu).” 旧藩士諸家覚書之写-松平文庫福井藩政史料目録: Was it copied or compiled in the early Meiji era? The person (predecessor) at that time is a solid proof. YASUKUNI Shrine attends the indispensable lantern festival every year: Since the arrival of Perry in 1853 at the end of the Tokugawa shogunate, military personnel and civilian employees who have been killed in national affairs, such as domestic and foreign incidents and wars, are enshrined as “spirits of war”. Toast at the end of Nobushige-Ko, where he was resting his tired body leaning against a tree in the precincts of Yasui Shrine (Tennoji Ward, Osaka City).
【Product name】
Kinokawa persimmon
【Type】
Diospyros kaki Thunb.
【Production area】
Hashimoto City, Wakayama Prefecture, Kudoyama Town, Ito District, Koya Town, Katsuragi Town
【Origin of the name】
It is a special persimmon cultivated by Wakayama prefecture, which boasts the largest production volume in Japan, by taking time and effort to remove the tree. The Kinokawa River flows from Nara Prefecture to Wakayama Prefecture and supports the entire region as the main stream of the first-class water system that flows into the Kii Suido. The name of the river is from the ancient name “Kii Province”, and it seems that it was named to differentiate it from other production areas.
【Major features】
Persimmon is a famous natural doctor. The predecessor's teaching, “A Persimmon a day keeps the doctor away", Is great. After the unusual heat of the day (summer), a refreshing autumn begins. Kinokawa persimmons are “Hiratanenashigaki persimmon” or “Tonegaki persimmon” produced in the area along the Kinokawa River in Wakayama Prefecture and cultivated by a special method. These are actually astringent persimmons that are used to remove astringency as they are before harvesting. “Wase Tonegaki Persimmon” is a young tree that was cultivated from the root by “Yoshitami TONE” in Tenri City, Nara Prefecture, which was broken by the Isewan Typhoon that occurred in 1959. It is a variety that was born by being attached to a tree. Originally the same variety as Hiratanenashi persimmon, but it is also a variety that grows 10 to 15 days earlier than “Hiratanenashigaki persimmon”. Mr. Yasushi（Tamotsu）Iwahashi of Momoyama Town, Naga District, Wakayama Prefecture (currently Momoyama Town, Kinokawa City) applied for registration in 1978, and in 1980, the variety was registered based on the Seedling Law of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. The size of the fruit is about the same as that of “Hirataneshigaki”, the fruit shape is oblate, the cross section is square, and the skin color is slightly darker orange than “Hirataneshigaki” and glossy. The calyx of the fruit is smaller than “Wase Sugita（Trained by Kiyoshi Sugita (1904-1993), who crossed Sado Island from Echigo in 1918 as an agricultural technician. He worked hard on the island's agriculture and persimmon cultivation, and was appointed as an agricultural technician in Ogi Town, a town in the southwestern part of the island. The high level of technical guidance in the town was bought, and in 1927 it was promoted to the Hamochi Village Agricultural Association in the neighboring town of Hamochi. In the same year, the Great Depression, which originated in the United States, caused a stock market crash in 1930. With the fall of the “cocoon market” as a fuse, the prices of agricultural products collapsed one after another, which had a great impact on rural areas in various parts of Japan. The following year, a terrible crop occurred due to cold weather, mainly in the Tohoku region.It was full of unemployed people, and in rural areas, selling Aoda (buying rice before harvest), selling girls, and skipping children became serious pro blems. A discourse by Kiyoshi, a fruit that anyone can make and save everyone in the village. He is a person who has influenced not only Sado City, Niigata Prefecture, but Japan as a whole, no, the world, on the way.）”, and the tip of “Wase Sugita” is thicker and sharper than the elongated and sharp point. In addition, the color of the flesh, the quality of the flesh, the difficulty of de-astringency, the shelf life after de-astringency, the floweriness or the presence or absence of seeds, etc., do not seem to be different from “Hirataneshi”. The maturity period in the breeding ground (Tenri City, Nara Prefecture) is from September 20th to October 5th, but it is expected that the period will be slightly different due to annual climate change. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in climate change due to anthropogenic factors due to concerns about global warming, which is said to be caused by an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere due to the large consumption of fossil fuels. The recent view by the Japan Meteorological Agency is that the factors include natural factors and artificial factors. Natural factors include changes in the ocean, increases in aerosols (fine particles in the atmosphere) due to volcanic eruptions, and changes in solar activity, as well as those inherent in the atmosphere itself. In particular, the ocean, which occupies 70% of the earth's surface, exchanges heat and water vapor with the atmosphere through the sea surface, and fluctuations in ocean currents and sea surface temperature have a great effect on the movement of the atmosphere. On the other hand, human factors include an increase in greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide associated with human activities and aerosols (sulfates, black carbon, organic carbon generated by human activities such as industry and agriculture and biological activities, and wind. There is an increase in soil dust and sea salt particles that are blown up by the plant, and deforestation）. An increase in greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide raises the surface temperature, and changes in vegetation such as deforestation affect the water circulation and the amount of solar radiation reflected on the earth's surface. I have some doubts, but if I have the opportunity, I would like to express my own sensibilities. As for Hiratanenashigaki persimmon, it will be easier to understand if you check the partially dried Japanese persimmon, which is a specialty of Koshu, Yamanashi prefecture, which I mentioned yesterday. The tradition of “Kinokawa kaki persimmon” is to remove the astringency of "Hiratanenashi persimmon" as it is made of wood. The cultivation method is to cover each persimmon with a plastic bag containing “Solid ethyl alcohol” before the “Hiratanenashigaki persimmon” begins to color, leave it as it is for about a day, and then cut off the lower half of the bag. , Waiting for the persimmons to color and being harvested. Ordinary “Hirataneshigaki persimmons” are harvested in a bitter state and then put in a de-astringent storage to remove the astringency, but in the case of “Kinokawa Kaki persimmons”, the astringency can be removed while they are still made of wood, so the sweetness is higher. Fruits that become stronger and contain brown sugar when the persimmon is cut (black sesame-like grains (persimmon tannins; By changing to C2H4O (eternal); acetaldehyde (tannin binding), antibacterial action, skin irritation, atopic dermatitis. In addition, it is expected to be effective by absorbing even a small amount in the body for atopy, athlete's foot, periodontal disease, and UV protection.) that look like shaken sesame seeds). It is cultivated only in the Kihoku region of Wakayama, and it seems that it takes a lot of time and effort because each bag must be covered. It is characterized by its crispy taste and sweetness like “Fuyugaki persimmon” : Completely sweet persimmon, harvest time is expected from mid-November to late November. The skin color is red. The fruit weighs about 280 grams. The sugar content is about 15 to 16 degrees. The flowering period is about 3 days later than that of “Wase Matsumoto Fuyugaki（Around 1935, he discovered a sport of “Fuyugaki” in the field of Mr. Yutaka Matsumoto in Shigasato Village, Ikaruga, District Kyoto (currently Ayabe City). Harvest is expected from mid-October to early November. The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry certification was registered as a name in 1952.）” persimmon, and the flowers are only female flowers. The characteristics are that the fruit shape is good and the balls are well aligned, and the juice is abundant and the taste is excellent. Good astringency and wide adaptability to the region. Since there are some persimmon calyxes, it is important to manage the water so that it grows smoothly. Of great interest is the pruning of the resulting tree. Side branches are placed from the main branch and sub-main branch, and the branches on the side branches are said to bear fruit. I heard that if these side branches are used for many years, thick branches will increase and there will be no fruiting branches inside the crowded trunk, so it will be renewed in about 4 to 5 years. To renew the side branches, the sudden branches (long branches) generated from the main branch and sub-main branch are used, but the upright strong branches generated from the upper surface of the branch are removed, and the moderate branch generated from the side surface and slightly upper surface is used. It seems to do. As a result of the occurrence from the side branch, it seems that the maternal branch is organized and left in the required number. As a result, the maternal branch varies depending on the variety and the conditions of the garden, but it seems that Fuyugaki has about 5,000 to 6,000 and Hiratanenashigaki has about 6,000 to 8,000 per 10 ares. In order to produce large fruits, it is desirable that the side branches hang down a little as a whole when the fruits bear fruit, and it is advisable to pay sufficient attention to the timing of side branch renewal and how to select side branch candidates. In addition, in the case of such a tree type, it is said that leaving the long branch at the tip of the branch as a maternal branch leads to large fruit production. JA Kihoku Kawakami consists of Hashimoto City, Kudoyama Town, Koya Town, and Katsuragi Town (total area 463 km2) located in the northeastern part of Wakayama Prefecture. Adjacent to Osaka Prefecture, the south is a region with abundant nature and historical culture, looking up at the world heritage Kii Mountains and Mt. Koya. It seems that residential areas and rural areas are becoming mixed and part-time jobs. The main agricultural products are the best persimmon production in Japan, summer fruits such as plums, plums and peaches, and skewered persimmons（(Example) Yotsumizo persimmon: Completely astringent persimmon, harvest time In mid-November, it is a slightly reddish orange with a pericarp color. The fruit weighs 150 grams and has a sugar content of about 19 degrees. The flowering period is about 2 days later than that of Hiratanenashi. Female flowers are easy to reach, and male flowers grow a little as the tree ages. High parthenocarpy and fertility. The flesh is dense, not powdery and has a good taste. Excellent shelf life. The quality of dried persimmon is excellent because it is viscous and has a high sugar content. However, some coloring unevenness occurs, and the astringency is slightly inferior to that of Hiratanenashi.）and Sciadopitys verticillata that take advantage of the difference in altitude are cultivated in suitable areas. I am currently a scholar about fruiting management, which is important for growth, but I hope to be able to describe it again in the near future. Next is the creation of important soil. For deep cultivation, it seems desirable to add organic matter (soil improvement material) to improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil. However, since deep cultivation may cause root breakage, it is desirable to keep the position about 2 m away from the main trunk and go around the canopy in 3 to 5 years. Regarding fertilizer application, first of all, soil preparation such as deep cultivation and organic matter application is carried out to promote the expansion of the root area and the use of natural nutrient water, and the amount of fertilizer application is reduced by that amount, and the fertilizer does not have a rapid fertilizer effect. It seems desirable to use organic fertilizer as the main ingredient. The fertilizer is applied in the order of description, with the early harvests of “Wase Tonegaki” and “Hirataneshigaki” from late September to early October, and “Fuyugaki” from mid-October to late October to absorb the original fertilizer as efficiently as possible. I heard that early to mid-November is appropriate. Lastly, regarding irrigation, persimmons are deep-rooted but have low drought resistance, and if the change in soil dryness and humidity is large, various physiological disorders such as calyx are likely to occur, as mentioned earlier. Since the period from July to August is the period when the photosynthetic activity of leaves is the most active, it seems that it is preferable to dry the soil during this period to reduce the photosynthetic activity and suppress the fruit enlargement. In addition, since the amount of precipitation is small and the amount of transpiration is large during this period, it is easy to be damaged by drought. It seems that it is important to try to suppress the transpiration of soil moisture by using droughts and grasses. Let me introduce a little inside the jurisdiction of JA Kihoku Kawakami. On March 1, 2006, Hashimoto City, and Koyaguchi Town of Ito District were integrated to form Hashimoto City. It belongs to the Setouchi climate zone. Compared to Wakayama City, etc., the annual temperature difference is large, the climate is inland, and the amount of precipitation is relatively small. We continue to create a peaceful and bright modern garden city that is in harmony with the clear stream of the Kinokawa River and the beautiful green mountains. Improve lifestyle, education, welfare, and medical care with the recent large-scale Residential area development. Keep in mind a refreshing administrative-citizen dialogue. Realizing a town development where you can experience the blessed natural environment and the richness of harmony. Large-scale housing development on the river terrace that connects the Kongo Katsuragi Iwawaki mountain range in the north. The southern part is connected to the production area of the Kii Peninsula and approaches the Kinokawa River. At the southern end is the scenic spot Tamagawa Gorge. It is famous as a town where the production of “spatula rods” by Japanese bamboo occupies more than 90% of the national share. Wakayama prefecture Traditional crafts No. 1 designated as a local industry that can be proud of in the world.etc. Kudoyama Town, Located in the northeastern part of Wakayama prefecture (Ito area). It is famous as a mountain town at the entrance of Mt. Koya. It is in contact with Koya Town, which has Mt. Koya, which was opened by the founder of the Shingon sect, Kobo Daishi. Yukimura SANADA is an ordinary name for Shigenobu SANADA in the novels and kodan storytelling that were popular in and after the Edo period. Although he is widely known as “Yukimura SANADA” due to the influence of kodan storytelling, there are no historical materials from the years when Nobushige was alive, including letters written by Nobushige himself, in which the name Yukimura is used. Because the name Yukimura spread within 100 years after Nobushige's death, it is assumed that he actually called himself Yukimura, inheriting Kataimina (taking a character from a person in the family) of Masayuki SANADA after Masayuki's death. It is said that “Sanada Juyushi,” famous as ninja of Yukimura SANADA, have their origin in the title of an omnibus of “Sasuke SARUTOBI”, a book in the “Tachikawa Bunko” series, which was based on “Sanada Sandaiki” and “Nanba senki” and lauded throughout the world in the Taisho era. The place where I spent the longest time in my life for 14 years before I left for Osaka. Exchanged ueda city（Former Sanada Town）, Nagano Prefecture as a friendship city since may in 1977. In autumn, the special product “Fuyugaki Persimmon”, which boasts the highest quality in Japan, is popular mainly in Keihanshin. However, without exception, the wave of declining birthrate and aging population is rapidly coming, and agriculture is also in short supply of successors. Since 2006, “Tourism” has been positioned as a new pillar of industry after Agriculture. Each site included in the World Heritage Site is visited by many tourists as an object of worship. kishukudoyama Sanada “Fagopyrum vulgare”, etc.
Wakayama's specialty has a sweetness with great care. When Miscanthus sinensis blows in the wind and you can hear the footsteps of winter, there are bright red fruits that are finally harvested in the mountains of the Kinokawa basin that flows through the fruit town. It is a persimmon that boasts the largest production in Japan. Now, in the autumn Kinokawa area, the colors of persimmons and autumn colors create a brilliant scenery. Born and raised here, Kinokawa Kaki is a very delicious handmade persimmon that is made by carefully hanging vinyl sachets on each astringent persimmon and removing the astringency on the tree.
The JA Kihoku Kawakami mascot character “Kakitan” is a god who appeared on the way to Kumano Kodo Street from Mt. Koya, and was born to promote the sales of persimmon, which is a special product.
