Diadema setosum; Long-spined urchin (sea urchin) seems to have a hemispherical shape with a flat bottom and long black-purple, poisonous spines. It seems that the natural Long-spined urchin was rarely eaten because it had a bitter taste and a bitter taste with few overeating parts, probably because it mainly eats seaweed and organisms that sank to the bottom. When broccoli is given to the captured Diadema setosum, the bitterness and harshness are reduced, the sweetness is increased and the sweetness becomes mellow, and the specialty Ainan Gold (The current, Kawachi Town, Nishi Ward, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto Prefecture-Over the) years, from late citrus celebrating cultivation as a summer past spring.), I heard that a faint citrus scent was added. Long-spined urchin (sea urchin; shell diameter 5-9 cm, covered with spines 30 cm long. The edges of the spines are finely saw-pointed and seem to break easily, except in some areas. Cultivation of broccoli, which is used as bait for sea urchin, began in 1982, and it seems that it currently produces about half of the broccoli in Ehime prefecture. In addition, the cultivation of Ainan Gold (Kawachi Bankan Orange), which is the food for another Long-spined urchin (sea urchin), began in 1971, and Ainan Town is said to be the number one producer in Japan at present. Currently, as a new breed cultivation test project of the Fisheries Division of Ainan Town Hall, it is said that they are working on the cultivation of Diadema setosum (uniccoli) in cooperation with Ehime University and others.
【Product Name】
Ota Ponkan Orange
【Type】
Citrus reticulata ‘太田’
【Within the jurisdiction of】
Uwajima City, Ehime Prefecture, Kihoku Town, Kitauwa District, Matsuno Town, Ainan Town, Minamiuwa District (Ehime Minami Agricultural Cooperative, JA Zen-Noh Ehime)
【Derived from the name】
In 1932, Mr. Toshio OTA top-worked Iyokan (species of citrus fruit, Citrus iyo) for Ihara oneco mandarine in Ihara Town, Shimizu Ward, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka Prefecture. Fifteen years later, in 1947, a fruit with an early coloring of the pericarp was discovered. In a subsequent investigation, it was recognized as a new species of sport, and in 1982, a registration application was made by the Shimizu City Agricultural Cooperative at that time, and the variety was registered in 1983.
【Major features】
Citrus reticulata is native to the Suntara region of India and is cultivated in India, Nepal, Southeast Asian countries, southern China, Taiwan and Japan. “Pon” seems to have been taken from the city of Poona in the Suntara region of India, where it originated. “Kan” is a citrus “Citrus nobilis”. From here, it was introduced to China in the Tang dynasty, and it seems that it spread to Taiwan in the 18th century. It is said that it was the first introduction to Japan in 1896 when General Sukenori KABAYAMA, the governor-general of Taiwan, sent the seedlings to Kagoshima and transplanted them. After that, excellent varieties were introduced from Taiwan and other countries, and while selective breeding was being promoted in warm regions, it was cultivated in warm regions such as Kagoshima, Miyazaki, Kumamoto, and Kochi. Mr. KABAYMA's father is a former Kagoshima feudal retainer or warrior. He served in the Satsuei War and the Boshin War. He was appointed Major in the Army in 1871. He served in Seitai no eki (Seitai Campaign: After the Saga Rebellion, the new Meiji government (educational policy: the policy of nationalization based on the Imperial Way Faction developed in the first year of the Meiji era. Therefore, it seems that the imperial way nationalization movement declined rapidly around 1872 and did not have a great power on nationalization. In August of the same year. In 1874, there was a rebellion against the abolition of the Daishogiri tax law in Yamanashi Prefecture, but due to the need for territorial ambitions to reflect the intentions of the complainers (notice in connection with educational ideas and policies since the 1877s). An incident in which troops were sent to Taiwan for the murder of a Ryukyu sailor who had drifted to Taiwan.). He was active as the Kumamoto Garrison chief of staff in the Satsuma Rebellion. He is the chief of staff, chief of metropolitan police and two-star general. He moved to the Navy in 1907, becoming Navy deputy minister, vice-minister (Meiji period) in 1916, and Deputy Minister of the Navy in 1919. He was appointed as the sea minister of the 1st Yamagata Cabinet and the 1st Matsukata Cabinet. The “recklessness speech（He defended the politics of the Meiji oligarchy, which was criticized at the time, and strongly criticized the Liberal Party and the Rikken Kaishinto Party. The content of his speech caused strong opposition from the People's Party side, and it seems that the first Matsukata Cabinet at that time had to dissolve the House of Representatives.）” given at the 2nd Parliament in 1924 is controversial. During the Sino-Japanese War, he was the commander of the Navy General Staff. In 1928 he became Admiral and the first Governor-General of Taiwan. Since then, he has served as a Privy Councilor, the Second Minister of the Cabinet of Matsukata, and the Second Minister of the Cabinet of Yamagata. Occupation / Status Army soldiers, Navy soldiers, politicians Birthplace is current Kagoshima prefecture, date of birth and death, December 9, 1837 to February 8, 1922. Let's move on. Normally, ponkan is harvested around February of the new year, but Ota ponkan orange can be harvested in December, so it is famous as the earliest ponkan in Japan. The sweetness and richness of mandarin oranges and the unique refreshing aroma of Ponkan orange open your heart. The skin is easy to peel off and the endothelium is thin, so it is very easy to eat. From the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries variety registration homepage, types of agriculture, forestry and fisheries plants, Citrus L. (Japanese name: citrus) registered variety name, Ota Ponkan, variety name at the time of application publication Application number 557, filing date 1982/03 / 30, Date of publication of application, Registration number 413, Date of registration 1983/05/30, Duration of breeder's right 18 years, Date of extinction of breeder's right 1995/05/31, Name of breeder's registrant and Address, Shimizu City Agricultural Cooperative (old Ihara Town, Shimizu City, Shizuoka Prefecture): Name of the person who bred the registered variety, Mr. Toshio Ota, Outline of plant characteristics: This variety is a branch of “Ihara Ponkan”. It is a precocious cultivar that colors the skin and reduces the acidity of the fruit juice quickly. The appearance of the tree is a little open for Ponkan, the tree vigor is weak, and the size of the tree and the size of the leaves are small. The wing lobes are small and linear. The fruits are oblate and have a fruit shape index of about 123. The shape of the fruit apex is recessed, there are few radial grooves in the fruit apex, the shape of the fruit stem is slightly concave, almost no neck is seen, and the radial groove in the fruit stem is clear inside. The color of the pericarp is orange-yellow to orange, and the smoothness of the fruit surface is medium. The size of the fruit is medium-sized, and it is about 150 g when early fruit thinning with a leaf-fruit ratio of about 100 is performed. The pericarp is thin and the peel is easy. There is a lot of juice, the sweetness is medium and the acidity is low. The number of seeds contained in the fruit is small, and especially under self-pollination conditions, a large number of seedless fruits are produced, and the average number of seeds per fruit is also extremely small. Coloring of the pericarp is early, starting in early November in the growing area (formerly Shimizu City), coloring for 8 to 9 minutes in late November, and complete coloring from early to mid-December. In addition, the acidity of the fruit juice is reduced quickly, and the citric acid content becomes 1.0% or less in early December and close to 0.5% in late January, and the taste becomes pale. Compared to “Ihara Ponkan”, “Yoshida Ponkan” and “F-2428”, the maturity period is earlier, so the acidity of fruit juice is reduced from an early stage compared to “Morita Ponkan”, and self-pollination Under the conditions, it is said that the distinction is recognized due to the small number of seeds contained. In general mandarin orange cultivation, it seems that the mainstream cultivation is to bring out the sweetness by giving as little water as possible to the tree. However, it is said that this method reduces the acidity and does not add depth to the taste. On the other hand, mandarin oranges grown in their natural state seem to have a deep taste that has both sweetness and acidity. Even at the time of harvest, the green color of the leaves is dark and photosynthesis is carried out firmly, so the sweetness and richness tend to become deeper. For example, Wase Okitsu is said to have been selected from nucellar embryony obtained by pollinating trifoliate orange with “Wase Miyagawa”. Compared to Wase Miyagawa, the tree is stronger, the fruiting is good, and it seems to be fertile. The maturity period is from late October to early November, and it seems to have excellent taste. As of 2012, the cultivated area is about 4760 ha, and I heard that it is one of the main varieties. Agriculture and forestry certified varieties (former: named registered varieties), registration number: mandarin orange agriculture and forestry No. 1, registration date: July 1, 1963. Compared to Wase Miyagawa, it has stronger tree vigor, better fruiting and fertility. Fruit coloring is slightly faster than Wase Miyagawa, and the fruit shape is flat. The maturity period is from late October to early November, and the sugar and acid in the juice seems to have a higher and richer taste than Wase Miyagawa. Even after complete coloring, the taste is less likely to be blurred and the flavor increases, so it seems that ripe cultivation is possible. In recent years, functional components such as β-cryptoxanthin contained in Satsuma mandarin have been attracting attention. In addition, it seems that the preventive effect of osteoporosis can be expected. JA is a nickname for agricultural cooperatives. The symbol mark is a design that combines the green alphabets J and A, and seems to represent the image of a solid earth and a bond between people. JA is a cooperative organized for the purpose of protecting and enhancing farmers' farming and livelihoods and building a better society in the spirit of mutual aid (the spirit of people's solidarity and mutual help). It is an organization established by gathering people (union members) and sharing money (investment). JA provides agricultural management / technical guidance and lifestyle advice, as well as joint purchase of production materials / living materials, joint sales of agricultural and livestock products, acceptance of savings, lending of agricultural production funds and living funds, and necessary for agricultural production and living. It seems that they are engaged in various businesses and activities such as setting up shared facilities and mutual aid in case of emergency. Furthermore, it seems that they are engaged in activities to strengthen ties with the local community, such as welfare activities for the elderly, farming experience learning for children, and farmers' markets. It seems that JA's membership qualifications include regular members (farmers) and associate members. For this reason, I heard that even non-farmers can obtain membership qualifications as associate members and use various businesses if they pay the investment according to the enrollment procedure stipulated by each JA. The citrus fruits that bloom and bear fruit in the steep hills of the warm southwestern Shikoku, where typhoons hit, are the result of strong family farming. The goal of the mechanism to support it was the postwar specialized agricultural cooperative. Quoted from “Uwa Fruit and Vegetable Agricultural Cooperative Eighty Years of History” written by this prestigious Citrus Agricultural Cooperative. What can be drawn from it is the inseparability of credit business and agricultural cooperative management. And it seems that the use of agricultural cooperatives by union members supports the management of agricultural cooperatives and creates resources for management. It is the practice of a wide range of general agricultural cooperatives that this has been operated as a self-evident reason. It is a well-known fact that the Heisei Agricultural Cooperative Wide Area Merger prior to the merger of cities, towns and villages was to prepare for financial liberalization. Today's issue is how to organize future financial business and agricultural cooperative management under the continuation of the ultra-low interest rate policy. There seems to be a good chance that the financial business-dependent business model of the Agricultural Cooperative will no longer work. How different is the agency fee from the current credit business profit? Considering the mechanism of the general agricultural cooperative, it is desirable to run the credit business concurrently. In order to expand the farming business, it is necessary to maintain a mechanism that can contribute to the financing of farmers. I heard that the “Tachima Citrus Sales Association” was established by producers in the former Tachima Village in Kitauwa District in 1919, and the Uwa Citrus Industry Association was established in 1914. After that, in 1929, the Uwa Mandarin Sales and Purchasing Association was established. The following year, “Uwa Mandarin Sales Tokyo Business Trip Worker” was dispatched to Tokyo. The Uwa Mandarin Industry Association has achieved production guidance and improved the spread of shipping sorting standards, but it seems that it did not change the transaction form between producers and merchants in the production area. He says that the union organization was a mixture of producers and merchants. Even after the establishment of this union, it seems that the merchants were in control of dealings with the central market. Following the establishment of the sales and purchase association, there was a fierce battle between producers and merchants toward the revision of the articles of incorporation of the trade association, and as a result, I heard that all the tangerines of the trade association will be sold on consignment through the sales and purchase association. There is. During this time, political intervention seems to have been unreasonable. The difference between general agricultural cooperatives and specialized agricultural cooperatives. The financial management of the agricultural cooperative itself guarantees the permanence of the operation, and when the agricultural cooperative law was enacted in 1947, the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry was asked what the necessity should be for the credit business and the associate membership system of the single cooperative. Going forward, the JA jurisdiction is centered on urbanized areas, and is formed of a wide variety of terrain, from coastal fishing village areas to mountainous complex agricultural areas, on April 1, 1997. Seven JAs (1 city, 9 towns and 2 villages) in the Uwajima area merged, and JA Ehime-Minami, the largest in the Nanyo area of Ehime prefecture, launched with the catchphrase “Treasure contact and nurture with you.” From the perspective of next-generation measures, we are working to create a place for agricultural experience in order to convey the importance of agriculture, food safety and security to children. In addition, children are proud of their hometown and agriculture and aim to foster a rich heart. Uwajima City, Ehime Prefecture, Located in the southwestern part of the prefecture. Seiyo City in the north, Kihoku Town and Matsuno Town in the east, and Ainan Town in the south. Next to it, it borders Sukumo City and Shimanto City, Kochi Prefecture. The west faces the Uwa Sea, followed by a typical ria coast where coves and peninsulas are intricately interlaced., 5つの有人島（嘉島, 九島, 竹ヶ島, 戸島, 日振島）と, 多くの無人島（御五神島, 沖の島, 黒島, 佐島, 高島, 契島, 遠戸島, 野島, 横島）がある。The Onigajo mountain range on the east side has a steep slope approaching the sea and has a complex terrain with many undulations. Urban areas and settlements are scattered in the coastal plains and inland basins. Most of the rivers flow into the Uwa Sea. Above all, the Mima River joins the clear stream Shimanto River and flows to Kochi Prefecture. The east and west including the manned island is 38.15 km, the north and south is 34.94 km, and the area is 468.19 km2. Forests account for about 70% of the total.The climate is located between the Setouchi area and the Pacific coast area. The average annual temperature is 16 to 17 ° C, which is warm throughout the four seasons, and precipitation is high in the summer. It is said that it may exceed 2,500 mm per year in the year when the influence of the rainy season front and the passage of typhoons are frequent. The west side faces the Bungo Channel, and the east side is lined with 1,000 m-class monsoons, so the northwest monsoon blows in winter. Differences in temperature and precipitation can be seen between the coastal areas and mountainous areas, and the mountainous areas have various climates with snow and freezing. “Kihoku Town, Kitauwa District”, Located in the southwestern part of the prefecture. One town and one village in the former Hiromi Town and the former Hiyoshi Village: Merged in January 2005. The east borders Yusuhara Town and Shimanto Town in Kochi Prefecture. With a total area of 241.87 km2, it is famous as a typical mountainous area surrounded by 1,000-meter-class mountains. The largest tributary of the clear stream Shimanto River: Hiromi River（Famous for fishing Plecoglossus altivelis (Temminck et Schlegel, 1846) in summer, eels（Anguillidae）and crabs（Brachyura Linnaeus, 1758）in autumn. The river that flows out of the headwater takes in many streams, and the amount of water and the width of the river gradually increase. Join the Oyado River and Mima River on the way. It joins the shimanto river at Ekawasaki and flows from Tosa Bay (Shimanto City) into the Pacific Ocean.）Narukawakeikoku（It has its headwaters at Mt. Takatsuki and Umegasei Pass. It is located upstream of the Nara River and has a large amount of water, forming a wonderful canyon for about 3 km.）, which is designated as Ashizuri - Uwakai National Park（Born in 1955 as Ashizuri National Monument. It has been additionally designated as the Uwakai area and the Marine Park area. It became a national park in 1972. A major feature is the varied landscape consisting of the coastal area including islands in the southwestern part of shikoku and the mountains in the inland area at an altitude of 1,000 m. In the Ashizuri area, cliffs with developed marine terraces continue, and subtropical marine life and coral communities benefiting from the Kuroshio Current can be seen. The Uwakai area is attractive for its delicate coves and island landscapes on the subsidence coast. You can enjoy the beautiful underwater scenery centered on soft coral（Among the animals that grow by preying on plankton in the sea with polyps as a member of coral, it is a soft object unlike reef-building coral.）. In the inland area, natural forests such as giant trees such as Sciadopity, cryptomeria japonica, and Japanese cypress are left behind. It seems that you can see the vertical distribution of vegetation from warm temperate to cool temperate. Nametoko valley upstream of the Shimanto River: A series of waterfalls represented by the smooth riverbed of granite and the Yukiwa Falls. The shore forests such as Quercus salicina and Machilus thunbergii are beautiful and attract tourists.）. Blessed with tourism resources based on abundant nature. “Matsuno Town, Kitauwa District”, It is located in the southwestern part of the prefecture and in the eastern part of Kitauwa District. It is a mountainous town that borders Kochi prefecture, and is famous as the smallest town in the prefecture. 84% of the town soil is forest. The abundant water flowing through the highly transparent Meguro River is a treasure trove of wild eels and a thumb-size river crab. The former Mtsumaru Highway, which used to be a key point of the Tosa Highway, prospered as a place for logistics and trade, and its townscape is still preserved. The medieval castle “Kagomori Castle” has been certified as a national historic site. It continues to be preserved and handed down as a city of history and culture. Agriculture and forestry, which is the core industry, has problems such as a shortage of successors due to the outflow of young people. However, it is said that it is making great efforts to promote peaches, citrons, plums, tea, etc., as well as paddy rice, which is the main crop. Deai slip: A mysterious pattern can be seen on the surface of the red granite weathered with a smooth, slippery water pattern. The flow of water on the slippery rocks feels the richness of nature and the vast time. Close to the Mannen Bridge, it is a place of relaxation for families and lovers, and is endlessly visited by painters and photographers as motifs. Senjyoshiki: Heals the tired body, and in the early summer when it is fresh green, the sunlight through the trees reflects the green color on the pale water surface. The nametoko highway where Ume crosses the Narutoge is a steep mountain road trip. Yukiwanotaki: Go through a forest of trees and climb a steep mountain path along the valley for about an hour（A ring of light snow-melted water flows fluently.）. The snow ring waterfall waits for visitors while drawing ripples like a snow ring on a gentle slope. The green of the grove is dyed dark green over the entire valley where the deep mountains are piled up. The light shines dazzlingly, and the high sound of clear water echoes in the forest. Nature seems to be alive in the water flowing on the beautiful sliding rock surface, the clear blue sky, and the forest of the sliding floor. When the stream of water meets the “Shimanto River” and travels far to the Pacific Ocean. etc. “Ainan Town, Minamiuwa District”, I hope that the people who live here will love Town, love Region and people, and everyone will help each other and become a healthy city. Former 5 towns and villages (Uchiumi village, Misho town, Jyohen town, Ipponmatsu town, Nishiumi town）: Born on October 1, 2004 by merger. An area blessed with a natural environment facing the Bungo Channel in the west, with a view of the Pacific Ocean with the Kuroshio Current in the south. In the northern part of MinamiUwa District, there is the Sasayama branch of the Ipponmatsu area, which branches off from the Shikoku Mountains. A plain is opened in the basin of the Sozu River, and the Mishou area and the Jyohen area are formed in this plain. Ashizuri-Uwakai National Park : Uchiumi, Mishou, Jyohen and Nishiumi areas : It is blessed with abundant nature and is benefiting from the fishing industry and tourism. Warm throughout the season, with a lot of rain during the rainy season and a South Sea climate. The beautiful scenery created by the ria coast is soothing. It is blessed with marine resources such as pearl oyster, which boasts the highest production and harvest in Japan, and bonito, which boasts the highest landing volume in Shikoku. Coral and tropical fish inhabit the waters around Kashima (Hojo). Also famous for scuba diving. Received the “Beautiful Village Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Award” from Japan : NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF FISHERIES INFRASTRUCTURE:Stone wall village, 100 selections of historical and cultural assets of fishing villages that you want to keep in the future : Fisheries Agency, Ancient city preservation foundation etc. : 100 beautiful historical climates of Japan. Valuable historical assets such as archaeological sites and historic sites such as the Heijo shell mound remain. Last but not least, JA's only ferry operated by JA closed the curtain in 1964. The route connecting Uwajima and Kushima in Ehime Prefecture was literally a foothold for people living on the island. With the opening of “Kushima Ohashi” on April 3, 2016, her last service was completed. This ferry was transferred from a private company by the former Kushima Agricultural Cooperative in 1951, spun off from JA Ehimeminami in 1998, and operated by its subsidiary Ehimeminami Kisen Co., Ltd. Kushima seems to be about 15 minutes by ferry from Uwajima Port. Fruit trees such as mandarin oranges and fishing are thriving, and the ferry seems to have been the only regular route connecting the island and Uwajima. The population of the island used to be over 200, but now it has dropped to around 1000. For this reason, the number of users decreased and the deficit continued, and it was operated while receiving subsidies from the government, but it has been dismissed due to the opening of Kushima Ohashi.
It is a low treetop system and weighs about 150g per piece. The best feature is the small number of species. In addition, the skin is smooth and thin. New branch: Organized to balance the growth of branches and leaves of the entire tree with fruiting, and to maintain the economic age of the tree for a long time. In addition, it is expected that the fruit quality such as coloring and sugar content will be improved and the resulting branches will be enriched by the sunlight spreading over the entire canopy. Generally, winter pruning reduces the number of buds, but the amount of nutrient water per bud increases, so the shoots that emerge become stressful, and it seems important to manage these.
There is also a co-selection area in the jurisdiction where an optical sensor fruit sorter is installed, and it is said that citrus fruits with uniform quality are collected and shipped. In addition, there are collection points for vegetables, etc. in various places, and some sorters have been introduced to contribute to reducing the workload of producers. Optical sensor selection: Highly accurate detection of information on the entire inside of the fruit, such as sugar content and ripeness. It also measures internal disorders such as water fruits and browning. In addition, a photoelectric size sensor is used to measure the size of the fruit.
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