From the genotype analysis of Toki and Orin and Kogetsu, apples with a genotype like Toki do not occur when Orin and Kogetsu are mating parents, and when Orin and Fuji are mated, the genotype of Toki Can now be explained consistently, and it seems that Pollen parent is Fuji. Self-incompatibility The S genotype is S2S9, which is compatible with the main varieties “Fuji”, “Tsugaru”, and “Orin”, but is incompatible with “Kinsei”, “Jonagold”, and “Aori 21”. Alternaria mali (occurs on leaves, fruits and shoots. The leaves are susceptible to infection of young leaves and form brown spotted lesions. The lesions appear to expand and become amorphous. If a large number of leaves are formed or the leaf stalk is affected, the leaves fall early. In the fruit, many small black spots are formed around the axillary part at the young fruit stage, and the fruit becomes rusty with the enlargement of the fruit. In addition, black spots are formed at maturity, but in yellow varieties, red rings may be formed around the lesions. In shoots, brown circular pathological punctums are formed around the skin）Seems to be strong.

Thatched roof: A farmhouse with a Hip roof, thatched roof, and Wooden one-story house built by Hansuke Kawamura in Mizumoto Village in 1874. Wood (durable Thujopsis dolabrata SIEBOLD et ZUCCARINI, Zelkova serrata (Thunb.) Makino, etc.) was purchased from raw wood and spent three years sawing and building. It seems that the building has smokers called all sides. Toru Kawamura, the eldest son of Hansuke Kawamura, went to Keio Gijuku in a high-rise farm building in the Meiji era with an account room and tea arbor, which are rare at that time. , Also appointed chairman of the prefectural assembly on December 5, 1928) and is also active in prefectural government. When relocating, we restored it using the materials used at the time of construction as much as possible, and reproduced the tatami room, Living room that is always there, bed, dirt floor, kitchen, cooking stove, and stable. The Tsuruta Town mascot character, “Tsururin”, is a character selected from works that are open to the public nationwide, and the name is said to have been decided by a vote of elementary and junior high school students in the town after the open call for participants. She wears a crane with the name of the town and a hat with apple flowers, which is the flower of the town, and is active in promoting Tsuruta Town nationwide with the city emblem in her chest.

【Product name】

Toki

【Type】

Malus pumila Mill.

【Production area, wholesale area】

Higashi Sasamori Shobugawa section of village, Tsuruta Town, Kitatsugaru District, Aomori Prefecture (Yamatami Ota Apple Export Co., Ltd.)（Daiichi CA Refrigerator: Koizumi Tsuruta）

【Derived from the name】

It is named after Mr. Denshiro TOKI (1926-2011), an apple breeder in Goshogawara City, Aomori Prefecture.

【Major features】

According to the local history of Tsuruta, the name of the town is “The origin of the name of my Tsuruta is literally the name of the village named after the crane. Even when returning from the South Sea, the Tsugaru region is in a good position to prepare for crossing the Sea of ​​Japan, so it seems to be a group of people in the past (omitted).” The reason why the village name was changed to “Tsuruta“ in the “City and Village Division Reason Statement” submitted by County mayor knowledge to the prefecture seems to indicate that “Tsuruta is due to large Village”. With an area of ​​46.40km2, it is a town whose core industry is agriculture, which mainly cultivates paddy rice and apples. In addition to paddy rice and apples, the number of complex businesses that grow Steuben grapes and cherries is increasing. You may be so attracted to the agricultural economy that you are finding a way to tomorrow. Overseas Sister City Exchange: Hood River, Oregon, USA (concluded on July 27, 1977). Measures, etc .: Breakfast promotion campaign, special education course designation (elementary school lower and middle grade English education), Tsuruta Festival, Townspeople Cultural Festival, Life Festival, Tsuru no Maihashi Cherry Blossom Festival, Fujimi Lake Round Marathon, National Hera（carp）Sushi Fishing Tournament, Earth Day Tsuruta, Junior High School Ambassador Dispatch Project to Sister Cities, Exchange Program with Satsuma Town, Kagoshima Prefecture, Townspeople Fureai（connectedness）Sports Festival, Townspeople Ski Tournament, Cultural Encouragement Award Ceremony, Sports Award Ceremony, Special Products: Apples, Vine Stuben (Geographical Labeling Protection System (GI) registration), Sakuranbo, Tsuruta Giving Back (Sake), Philer (Grape, Apple Sake), Stuben Wine (Red Wine, Rose Wine, White Wine, Sparkling Wine), Stuben Juice, Stuben soft round rice cake stuffed with sweet bean jam, love bell bean-jam-filled wafers, Tsuruta ware (pottery). Tsugaru Fujimi Lake: The largest reservoir in the prefecture. It is said that around 1660, the 4th feudal lord of the Hirosaki Domain, Nobumasa TSUGARU (Junior Fifth Ran, Etchu Mamoru)-Ko built an embankment for the development of a newly reclaimed rice field and used it as a irrigation pond. It seems that it was named because it reflects Tsugaru Fuji and Mt. Iwaki on the surface of the lake for the longest time in Japan. In 2010, it was selected as one of the “100 Best Ponds” by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. Since ancient times, the lion dances and lion dances of the Tsugaru region have been close to the milestones of the lives of the people of Tsugaru, such as praying for abundance of five grains, worshiping illnesses and troubles, and worshiping the spirits of the dead during the Obon festival. From 1596-1614, a person named Nekoemon from Kyoto, who lived in what is now Matsumorimachi, Hirosaki City, danced a dance based on an ancestral lion dance roll for the residents suffering from an epidemic, and warded off the disease. Is said to be the beginning of the Tsugaru Lion Dance. Dogen Nomoto（1655-1714）（From the sericulture diary: The supply and demand of textiles in the territory, especially silk fabrics, was a necessary item for the clan, so silk fabric craftsmen were invited from the advanced areas of Edo and Fukushima for a long time, and silk fabrics were also introduced to promote sericulture. At the same time, he was trying to popularize weaving. However, the production of silk fabrics was systematically and in earnest, and it became possible to take the form of a handicraft industry by Dogen Nomoto, who was invited from Kyoto in 1693. It seems that it was largely due to the power of). According to the article of “Edo Diary” (Hirozutsu) on December 18, 1693, Dogen is a fake of 150 Koku of knowledge and action by the mouth of the chief priest Tsugaru. ), The status is invited as a doctor. In the “Hirosaki Domain Agency National Journal” January 6, 1691, it is stated that the tea ceremony is: Dogen Nomoto, and also offers a vow as a tea ceremony (June 6, 1694). It is clear that he was called for the tea ceremony instruction.  However, although it is at the request of the clan that Dogen Nomoto, who plays the role of the tea ceremony, has contributed to the production of silk fabrics by arranging silk fabric masters and providing technical guidance for sericulture by himself, it seems that the circumstances are not clear. On October 3, 1699, Kyoto silk cloth weavers Shozaburo Hoshika and Jiroemon Tomie arrived from Edo. The servants of both of them were due to Dogen Nomoto's long-standing escalation, and were an invitation to collect the Oriza and to improve the guidance and production of silkworm and silk weaving in the territory. The servants of both of them were due to Dogen Nomoto's long-standing escalation, and were an invitation to collect the Oriza and to improve the guidance and production of silkworm and silk weaving in the territory. When he left Edo, he brought a letter from the Edo mansion servant to the national license servant, which both weavers can use for mulberry cultivation and sericulture in various parts of the territory, as well as for dyeing and weaving. It seems that it was stated that when conducting a patrol survey of such matters, they would be allowed to freely inspect without any problems, and that they would be required to take a sericulture response. Both weavers have begun patrols of the territory after their arrival. When visiting Kamiiso (currently the area along Mutsu Bay from Aburakawa in Aomori City to Minmaya Village in Higashitsugaru County) and Shimoiso (currently the area along Mutsu Bay east of Nonai in Aomori City), Karamushi (Choma) , I learned about the planting of fibers (seri) collected from the skin of the stems, which are used as raw materials for textiles such as sushi, and have filed a petition for the cultivation and ownership of mutsu in various parts of the territory. The investigation of fibers and dyes other than sericulture and silk weaving is based on the memorandum from the servant of the Edo clan's residence mentioned above, and the patrol has reached ninety-nine villages in various places. Many of the inspected Kamiiso Negishi Village (currently Tairadate Village Negishi, Higashitsugaru-gun) were excellent in sericulture, and good quality cocoons were produced. However, according to the producers, they have been in a situation of advance borrowing from the purchasing merchant due to the continuous poverty of life and the lack of operating funds every year. The repayment was in the form of a deduction repayment of the produced raw silk (kiito) (a thread made by combining several fibers from the silk moth cocoon). The clan is calling for increased production, curbing the outflow to the outside, and negotiating to buy pupae (cocoons from which pupae have turned into moths, which are used for cotton and pongee). The raw silk that Dogen brought to Kyoto was evaluated by Japanese thread wholesalers as being the best in Japan and could be used for high-end products (“Hirosaki Domain Agency National Journal“, February 25, 1701 et al.).）, a scholar who was called by the 4th feudal lord, Nobumasa-Ko, corrected the sutras written in the scrolls into plain words and made efforts to dance widely even in Tsugaru. It is said that there is a record that Nobumasa-Ko added a lion dance to the Hirosaki Hachimangu Festival in 1682 and visited it. There are two types of lion dances that are performed at tsu receptions, celebrations, and events: bear lions and deer lions. The bear lions, which are mainly distributed in the mountains of Tsugaru, dance with short-horned horns, while the deer lions, which are distributed in the every year. The repayment was in the form of a deduction repayment of the produced raw silk (kiito) (a thread made by combining several fibers from the silk moth cocoon). The clan is calling for increased production, curbing the outflow to the outside, and negotiating to buy pupae (cocoons from which pupae have turned into moths, which are used for cotton and tsumugi). The raw silk that Dogen brought to Kyoto was evaluated by J

 area of ​​the plains, have branched horns and dance lightly while jumping. Is said to be a feature. The town is loved by cranes: Since ancient times, it has been written in the titles and poems as an auspicious bird that symbolizes longevity. In addition, since the couple are close to each other and love their children, they appear in the design of celebration as a congratulatory creature that connects them. Tsuruta is said to have been named after the town because many cranes flew in during the Edo period. In this town of happy cranes, you can see real cranes instead of objects at Tsuruta Town Japanese Crane Nature Park on the shores of Lake Tsugaru Fujimi. At the Tancho Crane Nature Park on the shores of Lake Fujimi, you can see the Tancho Crane, which is designated as a national special natural monument, up close through the fence. In 1993, he took over two feathers from Heilongjiang Province, China, and in 1997, he took over a pair from Amur Oblast, Russian Federation. Today, it seems that red-crowned cranes born in the town and borrowed from Tama Zoological Park are bred. In addition, at the firefly pond in the park, local elementary school students have been releasing Genji fireflies（Luciola cruciata）, Heike firefly（Aquatica lateralis）larvae, and the snail “Semisulcospira libertina” that feeds fireflies since 2007. Along with the beautiful waterside, you can see the fantastic sight of fireflies dancing in July. I would like to visit and see it once in the near future. Tsuruta Town History and Culture Tradition Hall: Founded in 1897, built in 1945 (formerly Mizumoto Elementary School). Location: “Life” is the 24th NHK Taiga drama broadcast from January 5th to December 14th, 1986. July 8, 1994 “Tsuru no Maihashi (300 m long triple drum bridge: No. 1 in Japan)”. Since it is difficult to confirm the details of the wholesale company, let's move on. Yamatami's CA storage (Controlled Atmosphere) is a method that regulates oxygen (1/10 of air), carbon dioxide, nitrogen, temperature, and humidity to enable long-term storage with good freshness. Minimize apple breathing. Furthermore, in detail, it refers to a storage method that minimizes the respiration of stored fruits and vegetables and suppresses the decrease in freshness by adjusting the oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide concentrations in the air（A gas replacement method that replaces the air in the storage with a gas such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide, a vacuum method that uses a vacuum pump to reduce the pressure inside the storage, and a chemical reaction that occurs at the boundary between the inside and outside of the storage. There are a polyelectrolyte method that discharges the gas inside the storage to the outside of the storage, an adsorption method that adsorbs the gas to the oxygen adsorbent installed in the storage, and the like. With either method, the amount of oxygen that oxidizes the food and reduces its freshness can be reduced from the storage, and the food can be kept in a reduced oxygen state.）. I want to make varieties that can contribute to the apple industry in Aomori Prefecture and Japan. Mr. Toki, the breeder, continued to think so and continued to sow apple seeds for 40 years to improve the variety. He has heard that it takes more than 10 years to grow one variety, even if it is said that she grows one variety. Furthermore, until the variety is registered, fertilizers are sown and pesticides are applied to apples that are uncertain whether they are growing varieties, and even though profits cannot be obtained, the cost will increase. In other words, breeding apples requires enormous time and money. In particular, “Toki” has been cultivated since 1985, and it took 16 years until 2001, when it applied for registration after various tests and characteristic surveys. It was born and the fruits were small at first, and in Japan, where large balls are preferred, it was not possible to put it on the market as a product. However, because of its high sugar content, good aroma, crispy texture, and good taste, he repeated research such as repeated grafting and succeeded in growing the small “toki” into a large ball. Now, let's take a look at the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries variety registration homepage from the Seedling Law. Application number 13911 Application date 2001/10/09 Application publication date 2002/08/13 Registration number 12306 Registration date 2004/11/08 Duration of breeder's rights 25 years Extinction date of breeder's rights, Name and address of cultivar registrant Harada Seed Co., Ltd. (Namioka section of village, Aomori City, Aomori Prefecture, Muramoto Goyama): Name of the person who bred the registered cultivar Mr. Denshiro Toki. This variety is cultivated by crossing “Orin Apple” with “Kogetsu Apple（Application number 53 Date of application 1979/09/26 Date of publication of application-Registration number 130 Date of registration 1981/05/27 Duration of breeder's rights 18 years Extinction date of breeder's rights 1999/05/28 * Name and address of registered varieties that have expired Tenko Orchards Co., Ltd. (Nakajima-dori, Higashine City, Yamagata Prefecture): Name of the person who bred the registered varieties Mr. Sukekuro Taniuchi. This variety is selected from the hybrid seedling group of “Golden Delicious” and “Jonathan”, and is a purple-red variety that matures from early to mid-October in breeding and others (Nanbu Town, Sannohe District, Aomori Prefecture). The average size of the fruit is about 300g-350g, the fruit shape is conical and there is a medium crown on the scabbard. The pericarp is colored purple-red with stripes on the green-yellow background. The size of the fruit points is medium, and the density is low. The fruit stalk is long and thick. The flesh is white, easily scratched, browned, and hard, and the flesh is dense. The average sweetness is about 14 to 16 degrees, the acidity is weak, and there is aroma. The tree is similar to “Jonathan”, the size of the tree is medium, the shape of the tree is open, the tree vigor is weak, and the thickness of the shoots is thin.）”, and the fruit type is circular, the size is medium, and it matures in early October in the growing area (Goshogawara City, Aomori Prefecture). It is a mesophyll species. The appearance of the tree is open, and the tree vigor is medium. The thickness of the shoots, the internode length, the size of the lenticel and a little medium, and the epiphyte of the flower buds are large. Leaf size is medium, leaf shape is medium, leaf color is green, leaf shape is sickle, petiole length and thickness are medium. The size of the flower is medium, the color is pale peach, the shape of the petals is oval, and the color of the anther is pale yellow. Fruit type is circle, crown is weak, opening and closing of pericarp, depth and size of pericarp is medium, depth of fruit is shallow, size of fruit and size is medium, ground color and skin of pericarp Covered color is yellow, amount is small, intensity of covered color is light, rust position is side, amount is absent to slight, rusty fruit points are absent, fruit point size and density are medium, scarfskin (Similar to the fruit points, it is a pattern on the surface of the fruit, but it is not a clear dot pattern like the fruit points. It is thin and soft, it looks like a coarse cloth, and when it is enlarged, it looks like a thin cloud, irregular. No small scales), the waxiness of the pericarp is low, and the degree of rough slip is medium. The length of the fruit stalk is long, the thickness is thick, and there is no presence or absence of flesh. The shape of the fruit core is wide oval, the size is medium, the color of the flesh is yellow, the color of the flesh is medium browning and hardness, the flesh is dense, there is little to little honey, the sweetness is medium, the acidity is weak, and the astringency is No, low aroma, a little more juice, seed shape is tan, medium size. The germination period and flowering period are medium, the maturity period is medium, and the growing area is in early October. Late fruit drop is absent to slight, normal storage and refrigeration storage are medium, and the occurrence of heart mold is absent to slight. Compared to “Orin Apple”, the fruit type is circular, the fruit stem is long, etc., and compared to “Kiou Apple”, there are no rust-like fruit points, the fruit stem is long, etc. Indistinguishability is recognized. From around 2002, the day after the application for registration, it seems that the evaluation in the production area market began to increase rapidly due to the good taste and the lack of promising yellow varieties in October. Production, which was about 700 tons in 2008, has tripled to more than 2,000 tons in 2013, five years later. In this way, I heard that “Toki” quickly became the core variety of the yellow variety in October. It is a famous story in Japan that the trainer, Mr. Toki, was awarded the “Jinya Kimura（Born in Aomori prefecture. He is a graduate of currently Iwate University Faculty of Agriculture. In 1924, he worked at the Hokkaido Agricultural Experiment Station to study paddy rice diseases, but in 1928 he worked at the Aomori Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station Horticultural Department (Aomori Prefectural Apple Experiment Station). I was involved in research on pest control methods in Aomori. He made great achievements in the history of apple cultivation, especially establishing a control system for apple Monilinia mali（It is an infectious disease caused by a type of mold, which occurs during the flowering and leaf-opening stages, and affects new leaves, leaves, new branches, and fruits. Damaged areas tend to soften or rot rapidly. When it is terrible, the damage spreads to the tip of the branch, and it seems that the tree vigor is significantly weakened.）and receiving a doctorate in agriculture from Hokkaido University. In 1970, the Jinya Kimura Apple Awards was established by people involved in apples, and since 1976, the Jinya Kimura Award has been presented to groups and individuals who have contributed to the promotion of the apple industry every year. He received the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Forestry Award in 1963 and the Order of the Rising Sun and Gold Rays with Rosette in 1975.）Writings such as “Apple cultivation complete editing” Award” (2010), which is given to the meritorious people of the Aomori apple industry by the Aomori Apple Association for this achievement. According to the association, the crested ibis produced by Mr. Toki is very good, and no variety has spread nationwide in such a short period of time. In addition, the demand for overseas exports is high, and it is said that it has become a variety that supports the cultivation base of this prefecture. In addition, he has been a caretaker and auditor at the Prefectural Apple Breeding Club for over 30 years since 1976, and has long supported apple breeding in the prefecture.

Fruit trees weigh 300-500g, and larger ones can produce more than 500g of fruit. The fruit shape is circular to oval, the skin is pale yellow, there are no rusty fruit points, and the appearance is beautiful. The flesh is hard, the sugar content is about 16% to 17%, and it is sweet and has a lot of juice. It has aroma and tastes good. The tree vigor is medium and open like “Orin Apple”, there are many branches, flower buds are good, and there is no pre-harvest fruit drop. Storability is about 1 month at room temperature and about 3 months when refrigerated. The main economic variety of Nakate species. 

It has the S2S9 genotype, and the cross is compatible with “Tsugaru Apple” and “Fuji Apple”. Is this painting Ursus thibetanus?